• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.184-190
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• 2016

BACKGROUND: Anthocyanins, potential health-promoting compounds, were major natural pigment in the blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). The objectives of this study was to investigate anthocyanin glycosides in the blueberry varieties.METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of seventeen anthocyanins were identified from highbush blueberry using HPLC (representatives, 530 nm) and ESI-MS in positive ion mode. The individual anthocyanins are containing cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, peonidin, and petunidin moieties which are acylated with aliphatic acid (acetic acid) and conjugated with sugar moieties (arabinose, galactose, and glucose). Among them, delphinidin 3-O-galactoside (D3Ga), peonidin 3-O-glucoside (Pn3G) + malvidin 3-O-galactoside (M3Ga) were major compounds in varieties. Total anthocyanins were found the highest level in 'Elizabeth' (1,406.3 mg/100 g dry weight) which was 3-fold higher than 'Darrow' (465.7). Especially, D3Ga was presented the 32% of total anthocyanins followed by Pn3G + M3Ga (20%) in 'Elizabeth'.CONCLUSION: This result was showed as valuable information regarding nutritional properties of the different varieties of the highbush blueberry.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2006

제주지역에 서식하고 있는 블루베리 (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)로부터 수용성 추출물을 효과적으로 제조하기 위하여 5가지 종류의 탄수화물 분해효소 (AMG, Celluclast, Termamyl, Ultraflo, Viscozyme)와 또 다른 5종의 단백질 분해효소 (Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Kojizyme, Neutrase, Protamex)를 이용하여 효소적 추출을 시도하였다. 이들 효소를 이용하여 제조된 여러 가지 블루베리 효소 추출물에 대하여 1,1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 활성산소종 (ROS), 일산화질소 $(NO{\cdot})$ 등의 소거 활성, 금속 킬레이트결합능, 그리고 지질 과산화 저해능과 같은 항산화 효과를 검토하였다. 모든 효소 추출물의 페놀함량은 $517.85\~597.96\;mg/100 g$ 건조시료이었으며, 항산화 효과에 대한 평가에서 특히 DPPH 및 $NO{\cdot}$ 소거활성, 그리고 금속 킬레이트 결합능 등이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. Viscozyme 추출물은 DPPH 소거활성 $(0.046{\pm}0.002\;mg/mL)$이, 그리고 AMG 추출물은 $NO{\cdot}$ 소거활성$(0.339{\pm}0.011\;mg/mL)$ 및 지질 과산화 억제활성 $(0.28{\pm}0.01\;mg/mL)$이 각각 우수하였다. 과산화 수소 소거활성에 있어서는 블루베리 효소 추출물들이 천연 항산화제인 a-토코페롤보다 상대적으로 높았다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 블루베리는 항산화 효과가 우수한 화합물들을 함유하고 있을 것으로 판단되며, 향후 천연 항산화 자원으로서 이용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.316-325
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• 2005

The antioxidant potential of a $75\%$ methanolic extract of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and its different fractions was investigated using different reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO.), metal chelating and lipid peroxidation assays. Methylene chloride and $75\%$ methanol fractions showed equally high activities $(IC_{50} 0.010 mg/mL)$ for hydroxyl radical (HO) scavenging. Higher hydrogen peroxide $(H_2O_2)$ scavenging values were reported for the ethyl acetate and methylene chloride fractions and their $IC_{50}$ values were 0.20 and 0.15 mg/mL, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO.) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activities were higher in ethyl acetate and methylene chloride fractions. Chloroform and water fractions showed higher activities in superoxide $(O_2.)$ scavenging. All fractions showed strong metal chelating capacities compared with the commercial antioxidants tested. The $0.1\%$ ethyl acetate fraction showed notable capacity to suppress lipid peroxidation in both fish oil and linoleic acid. Phenolic content was measured in all the fractions and methanolic extract. Among the fractions, ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest phenolic content.

• 생약학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2017

We investigated the anti-oxidative effect of the blueberry duke (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) ethanol extract in Caenorhabditis elegans model. The ethanol extract of blueberry duke showed relatively significant DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide quenching activities. To prove antioxidant activity of the extract, we checked the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, intracellular ROS, and oxidative stress tolerance in C. elegans. In addition, to verify if the increased stress tolerance of C. elegans by treating with the extract was due to regulation of stress-response genes, we checked SOD-3 expression using a transgenic strain. As a consequence, the blueberry duke ethanol extract increased SOD and catalase activities of C. elegans, and reduced intracellular ROS accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, blueberry duke ethanol extract-treated CF1553 worms showed higher SOD-3::GFP intensity.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.875-881
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• 2018

To select fruit trees suitable for shaded urban garden with Elaeagnus umbellata var. coreana, Malus domestica 'Alps Otome', Malus domestica 'Fujii', Prunus mume, Prunus persica for. persica, Rubus fructicosus, and Vaccinium corymbosum 'Reka', leaf growth in response to different light was investigated two years after 35% shade treatment. Leaf area of E. umbellata var. coreana, M. domestica 'Alps Otome', P. mume, P. persica for. persica, and V. corymbosum 'Reka' increased in shading. Fresh weight of leaves make inconsistent response to shading in every species but dry weight of E. umbellata var. coreana and P. persica for. persica showed the highest 150% and 148%, increment, respectively. Althought leaf water content of E. umbellata var. coreana decreased in shading, there is no difference in P. persica for. persica. Chlorophyll value of E. umbellata var. coreana and P. persica for. persica that showed higher than any other species is correlated with dark leaf green. Compared to specific leaf weight of E. umbellata var. coreana, P. persica for. persica, and V. corymbosum 'Reka' showed lower than any other species in shading, that of M. domestica 'Fujii', and R. fructicosus increased in reverse. These results indicate that E. umbellata var. coreana and P. persica for. persica that showed high value in several invesetigaton items are suitable for shady urban condition considering leaf growth in response to shading.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.701-706
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• 2014

Three highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum cvs. Bluecrop, Coville, and Northland) grown in an open field and in a rain shelter were compared to evaluate the potential benefits of rain-sheltering systems on growth and fruit quality. Shrubs grown in rain shelter flowered 5-14 days earlier and were in full bloom earlier than those in the open field. All three cultivars set fruit by nearly 90% of flowers when they were grown in the open field, but was markedly reduced when they were grown in the rain shelter, to approximately 50% for 'Bluecrop' and 'Coville'. Fruit sets ratio of 'Northland' grown in the in the rain shelter was 14.5. Fruit from greenhouse-grown 'Northland' were larger, heavier, and had more seeds per berry. Soluble sugar content (SSC) of fruits varied both with the cultivars and growing conditions. SSC of fruits grown in the greenhouse was higher in 'Bluecrop' compared to that grown in the field, but this pattern was reversed in 'Northland'. Titratable acid was significantly higher in fruits from rain shelter-grown shrubs of both 'Bluecrop' and 'Northland' than in fruits from open field-grown shrubs (P < 0.05), although there was no difference in TA with respect to growing conditions for 'Coville'. The number of seed per fruit, fruit length and diameter, weight, SSC, and TA were similar in 'Coville' shrubs grown in the open field and the rain shelter. Fruit firmness of 'Bluecrop', 'Coville', and 'Northland' was higher in the rain shelter than in the open field. 'Coville' and 'Northland' fruits harvested in the open field had higher blue chroma than those harvested in the rain shelter. However, this pattern was reversed for 'Bluecrop'. On the whole, sheltering from rain affected most fruit characteristics of the three cultivars differently. Therefore, suitable blueberry cultivars for the rain shelter should be chosen by purpose.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.145-155
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• 2015

간이 녹지삽목시설의 실용성과 발근촉진제 IBA의 발근촉진효과를 조사하기 위하여 북부 highbush blueberry 3품종 'Duke', 'Elizabeth', 'Elliot'를 공시하여 IBA 100ppm, 300ppm, 500ppm, 1,000ppm의 2시간 처리와 3,000ppm 20초 침지처리를 실시한 후 발근특성을 조사하였다. 분산분석에 의한 요인분석 결과, 발근율과 근계지수에 품종효과가 있었으며 발근율, 최대근장, 근계지수에서 IBA의 처리효과도 관찰되었다. 특히 근계지수에서 고도의 유의성 있는 처리효과가 있었다. 그러나 두 요인의 상호작용은 없었다. 무처리구에서 'Duke'의 발근율은 45%, 'Elizabeth'와 'Elliot'는 각각 90%와 85%로 품종간 차이가 있었으며 3품종 모두 고농도 20초 처리와 저농도 2시간 처리구에 의하여 발근이 촉진되었다. 그러나 무처리의 발근율이 낮았던 'Duke'의 발근촉진효과가 다른 두 품종에 비해 현저하였다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2010

Blueberry was enzymatically hydrolyzed using selected commercial food grade carbohydrases (AMG, Celluclast, Termamyl, Ultraflo and Viscozyme) and proteases (Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Kojizyme, Neutrase and Protamex) to obtain water soluble compounds, and their protective effect was investigated against $H_2O_2$-induced damage in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cell line (V79-4) via various published methods. Both AMG and Alcalase hydrolysates showed higher total phenolic content as well as higher cell viability and ROS scavenging activities, and hence, selected for further antioxidant assays. Both AMG and Alcalase hydrolysates also showed higher protective effects against lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and apoptotic body formation in a dose-dependent fashion. Thus, the results indicated that water soluble compounds obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of blueberry possess good antioxidant activity against $H_2O_2$-induced cell damage in vitro.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2017

UPLC-DAD-QTOF/MS를 이용하여 국내에서 재배한 7품종의 하이부시 블루베리와 7지역에서 재배된 복분자 열매에서 총 29종 (블루베리 29종, 복분자 종4)의 개별 플라보노이드 성분을 정성 및 정량 분석하였다. 블루베리의 평균 플라보노이드 함량은 143.0 mg/100g DW로 관찰되었고, 'Darrow'에서 가장 높았으며, 'Nelson'이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 복분자의 평균 플라보노이드 함량은 95.4 mg/100g DW로 나타났으며, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 정읍>순창>고창>광양 순으로 높았으나 정읍, 순창, 고창간에 유의적인 함량차이는 나타나지 않았다. 블루베리는 hyperoside와 isoqercitrin이 각각 총 플라보노이드 함량 중 평균 31.4%, 13.3%을 차지하였으며, 복분자는 rutin과 miquelianin이 각각 총 플라보노이드 함량 중 평균 51.4%, 40.2%를 차지하여 두 베리류 열매간 주요 플라보노이드 성분의 특성 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 블루베리 열매에서 quercetin 3-O-robinobioside, quercetin 3-O-(6"-O-malonyl)glucoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-robinobioside, avicularin, kaempferol 3-O-(6"-O-acetyl)glucoside, quercetin이 처음으로 동정되었다. 본 연구 결과는 국내산 블루베리와 복분자를 이용한 기능성 식품 개발에 필요한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 추후 연구에서는 보다 다양한 베리류에 대한 추가 분석이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 본 연구 방법은 베리류 뿐만 아니라 다양한 식물에 존재하는 플라보노이드의 정성 및 정량 분석이 가능하여 활용 가치가 높을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2015

Interest and great demand for blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) have increased, as V. corymbosum is now one of the most economically important crops in Korea. It is expected that blueberry production and the area planted for cultivation will increase consistently in the years ahead because of high profitability and the consumer's demand for healthy ingredients. Effective mass production of blueberry is urgently needed for commercial cultivation establishment, but a main limitation is lack of a propagation system that produces a disease-free plant material for commercial plantation. A large amount of research has focused entirely on developing tissue culture techniques for blueberry propagation. However, controlling fungal and bacterial contamination of woody plant material is extremely difficult. Our study was conducted to investigate the effect of biocide addition during the in vitro culture of blueberry on plantlet growth and contamination occurrence. Four biocides, including Plant Preservative Mixture ($PPM^{TM}$), vancomycin, nystatin and penicillin G, were used in varying concentrations during the in vitro propagation of blueberry. When nystatin was added into the medium at low concentrations, the overall growth of blueberry plantlets was retarded. Addition of vancomycin and penicillin G in high concentrations decreased contamination but induced plantlet mortality. On the other hand, when 1ml/L $PPM^{TM}$ was added, the growth characteristics of blueberry plantlets did not significantly differ from non-treatment (control), and the contamination occurrence rate was very low. From these results, we found that the addition of the appropriate biocide could provide an effective method to reduce contamination in the culture process, thereby raising in vitro production efficiency.