• 접착 및 계면
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.116-121
• /
• 2022

Organic field-effect transistor가 실제 전자 장치에 쓰이기 위해서는 유기반도체 용액공정용 미세 패터닝 기술이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 스핀 코팅 방법보다 미세 패턴을 형성할 수 있는 소프트 리소그래피 방법이 더 우수한 전기적 특성을 가질 수 있다는 것을 확인하기 위해 비교 분석하였다. Compact Disc 표면의 나노 패턴을 이용하여 유연한 마스터 몰드를 제작하였고, 650 nm 폭의 2,7-Dioctyl [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzo thiophene (C_8-BTBT) 나노 와이어를 얻었다. 그 결과 소프트 리소그래피 방법을 이용해 제작된 소자 이동도는 0.086 cm²/Vs이며, 스핀 코팅으로 만들어진 소자 이동도는 0.0036 cm²/Vs으로 소프트 리소그래피 방법으로 제작된 소자가 약 20배 이상 높은 이동도와 더 우수한 전기적 성능을 보였다.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제46권9호
• /
• pp.604-608
• /
• 2008

The layered compounds vanadium disulfide($VS_2$) and vanadium dioxide($VO_2$) intercalated with Li are investigated for using the Discrete Variational $(DV)-X{\alpha}$ molecular orbital method. The chemical bonding properties of the atoms were examined by bond overlap population of electronic states. The plot of density of states supports the covalent bonding properties by showing the overlap between the atoms. There is a strong tendency of covalent bonding between V-S and V-O. The intensity of covalent bonding of $VS_2$ is stronger than $VO_2$. The net charge of $LiVO_2$ is higher than that of $LiVS_2$. This results of the calculation of $VO_2$ and $VS_2$ indicate that $(DV)-X{\alpha}$ method can be widely applied in the new practical materials.

• Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.168-176
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Robotic-associated minimally invasive surgery is a novel method for overcoming some limitations of laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes (postoperative pain, cosmesis, surgeon's workload) of single-incision robotic cholecystectomy (SIRC) vs. single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) vs. conventional three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (3PLC). Methods: 134 patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic cholecystectomy at a single center during 2016~2017 were enrolled. Prospectively collected data included demographics, operative outcomes, questionnaire regarding pain and cosmesis, and NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) scores for surgeon's workload. Results: 55 patients underwent SIRC, 29 SILC, and 50 3PLC during the same period. 3PLC patient group was older than the others (SIRC vs. SILC vs. 3PLC: 48.1 vs. 42.2 vs. 54.1 years, p<0.001). Operative time was shortest with 3PLC (44.1 vs. 38.8 vs. 25.4 min, p<0.001). Estimated blood loss, postoperative complications, and postoperative stay were similar among the groups. Pain control was lowest in the 3PLC group (98.2% vs. 100% vs. 84.0%, p=0.004), however, at 2 weeks postoperatively there were no differences among the groups (p=0.374). Cosmesis scores were also worst after 3PLC (17.5 vs. 18.4 vs. 13.3, p<0.001). NASA-TLX score was highest in the SILC group (21.9 vs. 44.3 vs. 25.2, p<0.001). Conclusion: Although SIRC and SILC take longer than 3PLC, they produce superior cosmetic outcomes. Compared with SILC, SIRC is more ergonomic, lowering the surgeon's workload. Despite of higher cost, SIRC could be an alternative for treating gallbladder disease in selected patients.

• 전기화학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.54-66
• /
• 2012

The phase-shift method and correlation constants, which are unique electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques for studying the linear relationship between the phase shift ($90^{\circ}{\geq}-{\varphi}{\geq}0^{\circ}$) vs. potential (E) behavior for the optimum intermediate frequency ($f_o$) and the fractional surface coverage ($0{\leq}{\theta}{\leq}1$) vs. E behavior, are proposed and verified to determine the Frumkin, Langmuir, and Temkin adsorption isotherms and the related electrode kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. At Ni/0.5 M $H_2SO_4$ and 0.1M LiOH aqueous solution interfaces, the Frumkin and Temkin adsorption isotherms (${\theta}$ vs. E) of H for the cathodic hydrogen ($H_2$) evolution, interaction parameters (g), equilibrium constants (K), standard Gibbs energies (${\Delta}G^0_{\theta}$) of H adsorption, and rates of change (r) of ${\Delta}G^0_{\theta}$ with ${\theta}$ have been determined using the phase-shift method and correlation constants. A lateral repulsive interaction (g>0) between the adsorbed H species appears. The value of K in the alkaline aqueous solution is much greater than that in the acidic aqueous solution.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.344-354
• /
• 2019

Purpose: No standard technique has been established for esophagojejunal anastomosis during laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for gastric cancer owing to the technical difficulty and high complication rate of this procedure. This study was performed to compare the short-term outcomes of circular and linear stapling methods after LTG. Materials and Methods: A total of 106 patients treated between July 2010 and July 2018 were divided into 2 groups according to the following anastomosis procedures: hemi-double-stapling technique (HDST; circular stapling method; group C, n=77) or overlap method (linear stapling method; group L, n= 29). The clinicopathological features and postoperative outcomes, including complications, were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model to identify the independent risk factors for anastomotic complications. Results: The incidence of anastomotic complications was significantly higher in group C than in group L (28.0% vs. 6.9%, P=0.031). The incidence of anastomosis leakage did not differ between the groups (6.5% vs. 6.9%, P=1.000). However, anastomosis stricture occurred only in group C (13% vs. 0%, P=0.018). Multivariate analysis showed that the anastomosis type was significantly related to the risk of anastomotic complications (P=0.045). Conclusions: The overlap method was superior to the HDST with respect to anastomotic complications, especially anastomosis stricture.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권10호
• /
• pp.4693-4697
• /
• 2016

Aim: The objective of this study is to investigate prognostic factors affecting survival of patients undergoing concurrent or sequential chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCL). Methods and materials: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 148 patients with advanced, inoperable stage III NSCLC, who were treated between 2007 and 2015. Results: The median survival was found to be 19 months and 3-year overall survival was 27%. Age (<65 vs ${\geq}65years$, p=0.026), stage (IIIA vs IIIB, p=0.033), dose of radiotherapy (RT) (<60 vs ${\geq}60Gy$, p=0.024) and treatment method (sequential chemotherapy+RT vs concurrent CRT, p=0.023) were found to be factors affecting survival in univariate analyses. Gender, histological subtype, weight loss during CRT, performance status, induction/consolidation chemotherapy and presence of comorbidities did not affect survival (p>0.050). Conclusion: Young age, stage IIIA, radiotherapy dose and concurrent chemoradiotherapy may positively affect survival in stage III NSCL cases.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.914-919
• /
• 2007

The effect of the addition of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (mainly xylanase and cellulase activities, 15 ml/15 kg of fresh forage), on intake, total tract digestibility and nylon bag degradability of a chopped fresh Digitaria decumbens grass was studied at 2 stages of regrowth ( 21 and 56-day old grasses). Moreover, comparisons between ground and chopped grass were done using the nylon bag degradability method. DM intake (g/kg $BW^{0.75}$) and organic matter total tract digestibility for control and enzyme treatments respectively were 69.1 vs. 65.9 (p>0.05) and 0.723 vs. 0.727 (p>0.05) with the 21-day old regrowth. Based on the same parameters, values for the 56-day old grass were 58.1 vs. 52.7 (p>0.05) and 0.621 vs. 0.591 (p>0.05). Nylon bag degradation at 24 h of the dry matter for control versus enzyme treatments were 0.653 vs. 0.70 (p<0.05) and 0.644 vs. 0.733 (p<0.0001) for the 21-day old chopped and ground forage respectively, whereas with the 56-day old grass, corresponding values were 0.321 vs. 0.392 (p<0.0001) and 0.463 vs. 0.481 (p>0.05). The positive impact of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) on degradability of the young and ground pangola grass may suggest that in some cases, enzyme accessibility to potentially digestible cell wall is a limiting factor in their digestion.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.887-890
• /
• 2014

This study was undertaken to compare surgical outcomes and survival rates of patients with the 2009 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIA1 versus IIA2 cervical cancer treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (RHPL). Patients with stage IIA cervical cancer undergoing primary RHPL between January 2003 and December 2012 at Chiang Mai University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The analysis included clinicopathologic variables, i.e. nodal metastasis, parametrial involvement, positive surgical margins, deep stromal invasion (DSI)), lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI), adjuvant treatment, and 5-year survival. The chi square test, Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for statistical analysis. During the study period, 133 women with stage IIA cervical cancer, 101 (75.9 %) stage IIA1, and 32 (24.1 %) stage IIA2 underwent RHPL. The clinicopathologic variables of stage IIA1 compared with stage IIA2 were as follows: nodal metastasis (38.6% vs 40.6%, p=0.84), parametrial involvement (10.9% vs 15.6%, p=0.47), positive surgical margins (31.7% vs 31.3%, p=1.0), DSI (39.6% vs 53.1%, p=0.18), LVSI (52.5% vs 71.9%, p=0.05) and adjuvant radiation (72.3% vs 84.4%, p=0.33). With a median follow-up of 60 months, the 5-year disease-free survival (84.6% vs 88.7%, p=0.67) and the 5-year overall survival (83.4% vs 90.0%, P=0.49) did not significantly differ between stage IIA1 and stage IIA2 cervical cancer. In conclusion, patients with stage IIA1 and stage IIA2 cervical cancer have comparable rates of locoregional spread and survival. The need for receiving adjuvant radiation was very high in both substages. The revised 2009 FIGO system did not demonstrate significant survival differences in stage IIA cervical cancer treated with radical hysterectomy. Concurrent chemoradiation should be considered a more suitable treatment for patients with stage IIA cervical cancer.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.12.1-12.11
• /
• 2021

Background: Bats have been considered natural reservoirs for several pathogenic human coronaviruses (CoVs) in the last two decades. Recently, a bat CoV was detected in the Republic of Korea; its entire genome was sequenced and reported to be genetically similar to that of the severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV). Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the genetic sequences of SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and the two Korean bat CoV strains 16BO133 and B15-21, to estimate the likelihood of an interaction between the Korean bat CoVs and the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Methods: The phylogenetic analysis was conducted with the maximum-likelihood (ML) method using MEGA 7 software. The Korean bat CoVs receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein was analyzed by comparative homology modeling using the SWISS-MODEL server. The binding energies of the complexes were calculated using PRODIGY and MM/GBGA. Results: Phylogenetic analyses of the entire RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, spike regions, and the complete genome revealed that the Korean CoVs, along with SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, belong to the subgenus Sarbecovirus, within BetaCoVs. However, the two Korean CoVs were distinct from SARS-CoV-2. Specifically, the spike gene of the Korean CoVs, which is involved in host infection, differed from that of SARS-CoV-2, showing only 66.8%-67.0% nucleotide homology and presented deletions within the RBD, particularly within regions critical for cross-species transmission and that mediate interaction with ACE2. Binding free energy calculation revealed that the binding affinity of Korean bat CoV RBD to hACE2 was drastically lower than that of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions: These results suggest that Korean bat CoVs are unlikely to bind to the human ACE2 receptor.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.766-771
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate interaction effects of genes using a Harvester method. A sample of Korean cattle, Hanwoo (n = 476) was chosen from the National Livestock Research Institute of Korea that were sired by 50 Korean proven bulls. The steers were born between the spring of 1998 and the autumn of 2002 and reared under a progeny-testing program at the Daekwanryeong and Namwon branches of NLRI. The steers were slaughtered at approximately 24 months of age and carcass quality traits were measured. A SNP Harvester method was applied with a support vector machine (SVM) to detect significant SNPs in the CCDC158 gene and interaction effects between the SNPs that were associated with average daily gains, cold carcass weight, longissimus dorsi muscle area, and marbling scores. The statistical significance of the major SNP combinations was evaluated with $x^2$-statistics. The genotype combinations of three SNPs, g.34425+102 A>T(AA), g.4102636T>G(GT), and g.11614-19G>T(GG) had a greater effect than the rest of SNP combinations, e.g. 0.82 vs. 0.75 kg, 343 vs. 314 kg, 80.4 vs $74.7cm^2$, and 7.35 vs. 5.01, for the four respective traits (p<0.001). Also, the estimates were greater compared with single SNPs analyzed (the greatest estimates were 0.76 kg, 320 kg, $75.5cm^2$, and 5.31, respectively). This result suggests that the SNP Harvester method is a good option when multiple SNPs and interaction effects are tested. The significant SNPs could be applied to improve meat quality of Hanwoo via marker-assisted selection.