• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1236-1243
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the nutritional status of protein and lipids in the patients with alcoholic liver disease, to find an effective way of dietary management for patients with alcoholic liver disease and to obtain the materials for nutritional education for alcoholics. The subjects consist of 80 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis(ALC) and 12 patients with alcoholic fatty liver(AFL). The control group included 57 alcoholics without liver disease(A), 32 patients with viral liver cir rhosis(VLC) and 194 normal(NL). Biochemical evaluation of nutritional status was performed by ana lyzing the profiles of protein and lipids in blood samples. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The frequency of subjects below the normal range of serum total protein was 26.3% in ALC, 16.7% in AFL and 3.5% in A. Serum albumin was lower in 41.3% of ALC. 2) The alcoholics without liver disease showed significantly higher level of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol than the other groups. The alcoholic subjects had lower HDL cholesterol than normal subjects. Overall, the protein and lipids status of the alcoholic subjects in this study was evaluated to be very poor on the basis of biochemical assessments. The results suggest that alcohol abuse and poor dietary intake could cause malnutrition. An extensive nutritional education should be emphasized for the alcohol consuming population. High quality of protein and other dietary intakes from early stage of the disease may be effective in nutritional therapy for the patient with alcoholic liver disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1244-1252
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the nutritional status of vitamin and minerals in the patients with alcoholic liver disease and to obtain the materials for nutritional education for alcoholics. The subjects consist of 80 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis(ALC) and 12 patients with alcoholic fatty liver(AFL). The control group included 57 alcoholics without liver disease(A), 32 patients with viral liver cirrhosis(VLC) and 194 normal men(NL). Biochemical evaluation of nutritional status was investigated by the analysis of blood samples. The frequency of vitamin B1 deficiency in the ALC, AFL and A groups as indicated by the erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient were 46.0%, 66.7% and 57.9% respectively. The frequency of vitamin B2 deficiency in the ALC, AFL and A groups as indicated by the erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient were 9.8%, 8.3% and 38.6% respectively. Vitamin A deficiency was not detected in the alcoholic subjects. The frequency of vi tamin E deficiency in ALC, AFL and A were 96.3%, 66.7% and 86.0% respectively. The levels of plasma lipid peroxidation products were significantly higher in the alcoholic subjects than in the normal subjects. The frequency of subjects below normal range of hemoglobin were 85.0% in ALC, 50.0% in AFL and 31.6% in A. The frequency of copper deficiency in the ALC, AFL and A groups were 48.4%, 16.7% and 17.5% respectively. The frequency of zinc deficiency in the ALC, AFL and A groups were 83.8%, 41.7% and 66.7% respectively. Overall, the vitamin and minerals status of the alcoholic subjects in this study was evaluated to be very poor on the basis of biochemical assessments. The results suggest that alcohol abuse and poor dietary intake could cause malnutrition and may be important risk factors in causing alcoholic liver disease in alcoholics. In addition, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, Cu, Fe and antioxidant supplementation may be effective in nutritional therapy for chronic alcoholics.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.11B no.6
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• pp.625-632
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• 2004

Since the H.264 encoding adopts both forward prediction and hi-direction prediction modes and exploits Variable Length Coding(VLC), the amount of data generated from video encoder varies as Flaying time goes by. The fixed bit rate encoding system which has limited transmission channel capacity uses a buffer to control output bitstream It's necessary to control the bitstream to maintain within manageable range so as to protect buffer from overflow or underflow. With existing bit amount control algorithms, the $\lambda_{MODE}$ which is relationship between distortion value and quantization parameter often excesses normal value to end up with video error. This paper proposes an algorithm to protect buffer from overflow or underflow by introducing a new quantization parameter against distortion value of H.264 video data. The test results of 6 exemplary data show that the proposed algorithm has the same PSNR as and up to 8% reduced bit rate against existing algorithms.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.20-30
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• 2012

The biggest advantage of AR is that it allows unique experience in the real world through a virtual object. However, there is a limit in the marker techniques to do registration for the virtual object. Therefore, it is possible for a complication that only allows restrictive interaction to come up. This paper provides marker technique of the next generation which can supplement limitations of existing marker technique. Such marker is a combination of IR LED's, and is a convergence of LED VCL concepts of M2M. Environment where the user belongs to and their unique choice will be expressed into one context. Also, the context will be delivered to the system through OOK IR LED marker algorithm. Marker can be operated on the spot to change virtual objects according to the user's taste, registration can be done at the same time for several virtual objects, and control become possible.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.43-51
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• 2010

In this paper, we studied line coding technology tendency for high speed data communication at LED-ID (Identification) communication system in indoor environment. A LED-ID technology is a communication using visible ray (RGB) that come out in LED device. It is energy curtailment effect and possible in ubiquitous network service applications. The LED-ID system has the above advantages about that the communication throughout the whole room is enabled by high power lighting and lighting equipment with white colored LED which are easy to install and have good outward appearance. Therefore, the transmission by light waves is more suitable for wireless networks than by radio waves. We compared with the NRZ, AMI, 4B5B, HDB3, 8B10B line coding for efficient in error detection and serves data transmission of high speed.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.48-54
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• 2018

With the 4th industry era, smart factories are emerging. In the era of multi-product small scale production, unmanned transportation vehicles are rapidly increasing in utilization of unmanned transportation vehicles that carry and arrange goods in the work space. The conventional unmanned vehicle detected its position by using the guided line method and the position based method for indoor location recognition and movement. This method has disadvantages of initial high cost and maintenance / maintenance. In this paper, to solve the disadvantages, the method of predicting the direct path of the unmanned vehicle through the Kalman filter is verified using the white LED marker of the warehouse and the position data and the image data of the white LED marker recognition image. Through this, the reliability of the linear movement which occupies the most part in the lattice structure is secured. It is also expected that the reliance on additional position sensors will also be reduced.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2018

The technology convergence of television, communication, and computing devices enables the rich social and entertaining experience through Smart TV in personal living space. The powerful smart TV computing platform allows to provide various user interaction interfaces like IR remote control, web based control, body gesture based control, etc. The presently used smart TV interaction user control methods are not efficient and user-friendly to access different type of media content and services and strongly required advanced way to control and access to the smart TV with easy user interface. This paper propose the optical wireless communication (OWC) based remote controller design for Smart TV using smart device Flashlights. In this approach, the user smart device act as a remote controller with touch based interactive smart device application and transfer the user control interface data to smart TV trough Flashlight using visible light communication method. The smart TV built-in camera follows the optical camera communication (OCC) principle to decode data and control smart TV user access functions according. This proposed method is not harmful as radio frequency (RF) radiation does it on human health and very simple to use as well user does need to any gesture moves to control the smart TV.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.97-103
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• 2017

In this paper, we aim to investigate the generalization of ZRC codes by performing performance analysis on various coding rates and channel conditions of Zero Reduction Code (ZRC) for dimming control in VLC system. Simulation results show that the ZRC codes with relatively high coding rate achieve the enhanced BER performance as the RMS (Root Mean Square) delay spread value increases in the NLOS channelse. Therefore, it is expected that the designing of the dimming control technology using ZRC in the future visible light communication system will help to determine the coding rate according to the channel state through the analysis result in this study.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.1435-1435
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• 2015

광고 및 홍보의 마케팅 수단의 일환으로써 점포별로 QR코드를 사용하는 사례가 급격히 늘고 있다. 정보도트의 일종인 QR코드의 경우는 스마트폰과 더불어 홍보수단의 일환으로 활용되는 사례가 증가하고 있는 반면 QR코드는 정보를 표현할 수 있는 디자인의 범위가 좁고, 전송할 수 있는 Data의 용량이 적으며, 어두운 환경에서의 인식률이 저하되는 단점이 있다. 이에 기존의 QR코드 보다 다양한 디자인이 가능하고 대용량의 Data 전송이 가능한 컬러코드가 대두되고 있다. 컬러코드란 4가지 색상(빨강, 파랑, 초록, 검정)을 이용한 매트릭스 형태의 코드로 각종 디지털 정보를 저장하는 새로운 개념의 데이터 표현 기술이며, 이는 각 컬러에 디지털 정보를 매핑(mapping)하여 콘텐츠나 URL 등의 실제 정보들을 제공하는 역할을 하도록 설계되어 있다. 8MP CMOS센서기반 Colored LED Patch 인식 기법은 VLC에 포함되는 하나의 기술로서 차세대 조명 및 정보 디스플레이 장치로 각광을 받고 있는 반도체 조명 기술인 광원 정보 인식 기법이다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 8MP CMOS센서 기반 컬러코드 LED Patch 인식 기법에 대해 제안하였다. 8MP CMOS 센서를 이용한 Colored LED Patch 인식 기법 중 하나로서 위치 정보 서비스 등 다양한 정보 획득이 가능하도록 연구하였으며, 동영상, 웹사이트 링크 등 여러 형식에 적용이 가능하도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 사용되는 8MP CMOS센서를 기반 Colored LED Patch 인식 기법을 통해 컬러코드는 코드 플랫폼으로 연결되어 콘텐츠의 위치를 파악하고 이용자에게 콘텐츠 및 정보가 전송된다. 이는 QR코드보다 높은 인식률로 빠르고 편리하게 정보를 제공할 수 있었다. 본 논문에서는 상기 제안 기술을 통하여 LED Patch의 높은 주목성과 가시성을 확보하여 보다 효과적인 광고 및 홍보의 시인성을 확보할 수 있다. 향후 본 제안기술을 통하여 사회 안전망을 위한 위치 및 정보 서비스 제공이 가능하며, 효과적인 광고 효과를 도출할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2015

White light-emitting diode (WLED) is growing interest in using both illumination and communications. This paper reports visible light communication (VLC) composed of a super bright white light-emitting diode, low cost commercial photo-diode and a Fresnel lens. LED driver is consisted of the power MOSFET and MOSFET driver that switches the LED on and off. The modulation bandwidth of the LED used was determined to be 8 MHz. However, it was possible to communicate up to 1 Mbps under illumination of 500 lx because of the weak signal power and a low spectral sensitivity of the SHF213 as a PIN photodiode. In order to enhance the system bandwidth, the LED light was focused on the PIN photodiode by use of the Fresnel lens. As a result of that, visible light link was operated up to modulation bandwidth of the LED. The signal to noise ratio can be improved by 40 dB using an optical concentration at the receiver.