• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2016

In this paper, we introduce the results of the testing and observation systems for performance wideband expansion in the Korean VLBI Network(KVN). The KVN performs VLBI observations to 1024 Mbps data rate, and 8192 Mbps observing for four simultaneous observation is now evaluating for normal operation. The VLBI stations in several world countries developed their own wideband observing systems to observe the celestial objects with high precision and high resolution or are working with several countries. The KVN is planning to introduce a high-speed sampler, OCTAD, for sampling directly up to 2048 MHz bandwidth for RF signal of K/Q/W/D band in the frequency band without conversion. Therefore, as a preliminary study for the performance scalability of the KVN then through the close cooperation with National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), the OCTAD high-speed sampler and OCTADISK2 high-speed recorder were installed in the KVN Yonsei station, and verify the performance through a wideband.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.63-73
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce the performance test results of digital data processing system for KVN (Korean VLBI Network). The digital data processing system for KVN consists of DAS (Data Acquisition System) and high-speed recorder which called Mark5B system. DAS system performs the digitalization of analog radio signal through ADS-1000 gigabit sampler with 1 Gsps/2-bit and process the digital filtering of digital signal. Mark5B system records the output data of DFB (Digital Filter Bank) with about 1 Gbps. In this paper, we carried out the preliminary evaluation experiments of the KVN digital data processing system connected between DAS system and Mark5B with VSI (VLBI Standard Interface) interface which is designed for compatible in each VLBI system. We first performed all of the KVN digital data processing system connected by VSI interface in the world. In factory inspection phase, we found that the DAS system has a memory read/write error in DSM (Digital Spectrometer) by analyzing the recorded data in Mark5B system. We confirmed that the DSM memory error has been correctly solved by comparing DSM results with Mark5B results. The effectiveness of KVN digital data processing system has been verified through the preliminary experiments such as data transmission, recording with VSI interface connection and data analysis between DSM and Mark5B system. In future work, we will perform the real astronomical observation by using the KVN 21m radio telescopes so as to verify its stability and performance.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2004

In this paper, we introduce the development of the large storage system in order to record the observed space radio signal in the Korean VLBI Network(KVN) with high-speed. The KVN is the Very Long Baseline Interferometery(VLBI) to observe the birth of star, the structure of space by constructing radio telescope with diameter 21m at the Seoul, Ulsan, Jeju from 2001 to 2007 years. To do this, Korea Astronomy Observatory joined the international consortium for developing the high-speed large storage system(Mark 5), which is developed by MIT Haystack observatory. The Mark 5 system based on hard disk has to record up to 1 Gbps the observed space radio signal. The main features of Mark 5 system are as follows; First it is able to directly record the input data to the hard disk without PC1(Peripheral Component Interconnect) internal bus, and the second, it has two hard disk banks, which are able to hot-swap ATA/IDE type very cheap up to 1 Gbps recording and playback. The third is that it follows the international VLBI standard interface hardware(VSI-H). Therefore it can be connect directly the VSI-H type system at the input/output. Finally it also supports e- VLBI(Electronic-VLBI) through the standard Gigabits Ethernet connection.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2006

In this paper, we describe the radio astronomical data processing system implementation using Mark5B and its development. KASI(Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) is constructing the KVN (Korean VLBI Network) until the end of 2007, which is the first VLBI(Very Long Baseline Interferometery) facility in Korea and dedicated for the mm-wave VLBI observation. KVN will adopt the DAS (Data Acquisition System) consisting of digital filter with various function and 1Gsps high-speed sampler to digitize the radio astronomical data for analyzing on the digital filter system. And the analyzed data will be recorded to recorder up to 1Gbps data rates. To test this, we have implemented the system which is able to process 1Gbps data rates and carried out the data recording experiment.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1009-1018
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• 2017

We developed new Digital Sampler for KVN(: Korean VLBI Network). The sampler has 1024MHz sampling frequency with 2bits/sample. The sampler's input reference frequencies are 1pps(: pulse per second) and 10MHz, also UTC(: Universal Time Coordinated) time information out with 1PPS signal, synchronized. The output of sampling data is adapted VSI(: VLBI Standard Interface) specification including the time information. In order to confirm the performance of the sampler, we carried out the astronomical radio observation test in Ulsan Radio Observatory of KVN. It was confirmed the stable performance. In this paper, We introduce the new developed sampler and present the observational test result.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.58.2-58.2
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• 2007

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1045-1054
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• 2020

In this paper, we designed a TCP/IP based ring buffer system that can stably transfer bulk data streams in the unstable network environments. In the scheme we proposed, The observation data stream generated and output by each radio observatory's backend system as a UDP frame is stored as a UDP packet in a large capacity ring buffer via a socket buffer in the client system. Thereafter, for stable transmission to the remote destination, the packets are processed in TCP and transmitted to the socket buffer of server system in the correlation center, which packets are stored in a large capacity ring buffer if there is no problem with the packets. In case of errors such as loss, duplication, and out of order delivery, the packets are retransmitted through TCP flow control, and we guaranteed that the reliability of data arriving at the correlation center. When congestion avoidance occurs due to network performance instability, we also suggest that performance degradation can be minimized by applying parallel streams.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.211-219
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• 2012

In this paper, we described the software development for verifying the integrity of output data of TCP/IP for VLBI Correlation Subsystem (VCS) correlation block and proposed the performance improvement method in order to prevent the data loss of correlation output. The VCS correlation results are saved at the Data Archive system through TCP/IP packet transmission. In this paper, the integrity verification software is developed so as to confirm the integrity of correlation result saved at the data archive system using TCP/IP packet information of VCS. The 3-step integrity verification process is proposed by using the developed software, its effectiveness was confirmed in consequence of correlation experiments. In addition, TCP/IP packet transmission must be completed within minimum integration period. However, there is not only TCP/IP packet loss occurred but also the problem of correlation result integrity affected in account of a large quantity of packets and data during short integration time. In this paper, the reason of TCP/IP packet loss is analyzed and the modified methods for FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) of VCS are proposed, the integrity problem of correlation results will be solved.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.45-52
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• 2014

This paper describes the development of algorithm for direct data transmission between Raw VLBI Data Buffer (RVDB) and Huge Capacity Data Server (HCDS) operated in Korea-Japan Correlation Center (KJCC). The transmitted data is the VLBI observation data, which is recorded at each radio telescope site, and the data transmitting rate is varying from 1 Gbps, in usual case, upto 8 Gbps. The developed algorithm for data transmission enables the direct data transmission between RVDB and HCDS through 10 Gbps optical network using VLBI Data Interchange Format (VDIF). Proposed method adopts the conventional UDP/IP protocol, but in order to prevent the loss of data during data transmission, the packet error monitoring and data re-transmission functions are newly designed. The VDIF specification and VDIFCP (VDIF Control Protocol) are used for the direct data transmission between RVDB and HCDS. To validate the developed algorithm for data transmission, we conducted the data transmission from RVDB to HCDS, and compared to the transmitted data with the original data bit by bit. We confirmed that the transmitted data is identical to the original data without any loss and it has been recovered well even if there were some packet losses.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.70.2-70.2
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• 2013

한국천문연구원은 일본국립천문대와 한일공동으로 개발한 한일공동VLBI상관기(KJJVC)의 VLBI 관측자들에게 연구결과를 제공할 수 있는 정상운영을 2013년부터 수행하였다. 한일상관센터(KJCC)에서는 평균 8시간정도 관측한 VLBI 관측자료의 상관처리에 소요되는 시간은 약 2주 정도이며, 데이터 분석가의 확인을 거친 후 담당 PI에게 상관결과를 전달하고 있다. 현재 상관처리는 다양한 관측모드 중에서 연구관측에서 많은 비중으로 차지하고 있는 C5(16MHz 대역폭에 16stream) 모드를 지원하고 있으며, 2013년도에 여러 연구자들의 요구에 대응하기 위해 Wideband(512MHz 대역폭), C1(256MHz 대역폭, 1stream), C2(128MHz 대역폭, 2stream) 모드를 지원할 수 있도록 시스템의 성능을 개선할 예정이다. 또한 일본국립천문대에서는 자기테이프를 사용하고 있는 VERA 관측망에 대해 관측자료의 복사시간 단축, 운영효율을 향상시키기 위해 하드디스크를 채용한 OCTADISK 시스템을 개발하였으며, 한일상관센터에도 동기재생처리장치에 장착된 2대의 OCTADDB를 OCTADISK로 수정작업을 추진하였다. 본 보고에서는 이상에 기술한 것과 같이 한일상관센터의 운영현황과 향후 계획에 대해 자세히 기술한다.