• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.343-350
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• 2022

It is worth verifying the effectiveness of data integration between data with different features. This study investigated whether the data integration affects the accuracy of deep neural network (DNN), and which integration method shows the best improvement. This study used two different public datasets. One public dataset was taken in an actual farm in India. And another was taken in a laboratory environment in Korea. Leaf images were selected from two different public datasets to have five classes which includes normal and four different types of plant diseases. DNN used pre-trained VGG16 as a feature extractor and multi-layer perceptron as a classifier. Data were integrated into three different ways to be used for the training process. DNN was trained in a supervised manner via the integrated data. The trained DNN was evaluated by using a test dataset taken in an actual farm. DNN shows the best accuracy for the test dataset when DNN was first trained by images taken in the laboratory environment and then trained by images taken in the actual farm. The results show that data integration between plant images taken in a different environment helps improve the performance of deep neural networks. And the results also confirmed that independent use of plant images taken in different environments during the training process is more effective in improving the performance of DNN.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.317-326
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• 2024

Biometric recognition is a technology that determines whether a person is identified by extracting information on a person's biometric and behavioral characteristics with a specific device. Cyber threats such as forgery, duplication, and hacking of biometric characteristics are increasing in the field of biometrics. In response, the security system is strengthened and complex, and it is becoming difficult for individuals to use. To this end, multiple biometric models are being studied. Existing studies have suggested feature fusion methods, but comparisons between feature fusion methods are insufficient. Therefore, in this paper, we compared and evaluated the fusion method of multiple biometric models using fingerprint, face, and iris images. VGG-16, ResNet-50, EfficientNet-B1, EfficientNet-B4, EfficientNet-B7, and Inception-v3 were used for feature extraction, and the fusion methods of 'Sensor-Level', 'Feature-Level', 'Score-Level', and 'Rank-Level' were compared and evaluated for feature fusion. As a result of the comparative evaluation, the EfficientNet-B7 model showed 98.51% accuracy and high stability in the 'Feature-Level' fusion method. However, because the EfficietnNet-B7 model is large in size, model lightweight studies are needed for biocharacteristic fusion.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1129-1138
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• 2020

The performance of convolutional deep learning networks is generally determined according to parameters of target dataset, structure of network, convolution kernel, activation function, and optimization algorithm. In this paper, a genetic algorithm is used to select the appropriate deep learning model and parameters for Alzheimer's classification and to compare the learning results with preliminary experiment. We compare and analyze the Alzheimer's disease classification performance of VGG-16, GoogLeNet, and ResNet to select an effective network for detecting AD and MCI. The simulation results show that the network structure is ResNet, the activation function is ReLU, the optimization algorithm is Adam, and the convolution kernel has a 3-dilated convolution filter for the accuracy of dementia medical images.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.44-45
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• 2019

최근 CNN 등 인공신경망은 최근 이미지 분류, 객체 인식, 자연어 처리 등 다양한 분야에서 뛰어난 성능을 보이고 있다. 그러나, 대부분의 분야에서 보다 더 높은 성능을 얻기 위해 사용한 인공신경망 모델들은 파라미터 수 및 연산량 등이 방대하여, 모바일 및 IoT 디바이스 같은 연산량이나 메모리가 제한된 환경에서 추론하기에는 제한적이다. 따라서 연산량 및 모델 파라미터 수를 압축하기 위한 딥러닝 경량화 알고리즘이 연구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 임베디트 보드에서의 압축된 CNN 모델의 성능을 검증한다. 인공지능 지원 맞춤형 칩인 QCS605 를 내장한 임베디드 보드에서 카메라로 입력한 영상에 대해서 원 CNN 모델과 압축된 CNN 모델의 분류 성능과 동작속도 비교 분석한다. 본 논문의 실험에서는 CNN 모델로 MobileNetV2, VGG16 을 사용했으며, 주어진 모델에서 가지치기(pruning) 기법, 양자화, 행렬 분해 등의 인공신경망 압축 기술을 적용하였을 때 원래의 모델 대비 추론 시간 및 분류의 정확도 성능을 분석하고 인공신경망 압축 기술의 유용성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.729-737
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• 2020

Screening with low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) has been shown to reduce lung cancer mortality by about 20% when compared to standard chest radiography. One of the problems arising from screening programs is that large amounts of CT image data must be interpreted by radiologists. To solve this problem, automated detection of pulmonary nodules is necessary; however, this is a challenging task because of the high number of false positive results. Here we demonstrate detection of pulmonary nodules using six off-the-shelf convolutional neural network (CNN) models after modification of the input/output layers and end-to-end training based on publicly databases for comparative evaluation. We used the well-known CNN models, LeNet-5, VGG-16, GoogLeNet Inception V3, ResNet-152, DensNet-201, and NASNet. Most of the CNN models provided superior results to those of obtained using customized CNN models. It is more desirable to modify the proven off-the-shelf network model than to customize the network model to detect the pulmonary nodules.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.209-216
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• 2019

Over the past decade, researchers were able to solve complex medical problems as well as acquire deeper understanding of entire issue due to the availability of machine learning techniques, particularly predictive algorithms and automatic recognition of patterns in medical imaging. In this study, a technique called transfer learning has been utilized to classify Magnetic Resonance (MR) images by a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Rather than training an entire model from scratch, transfer learning approach uses the CNN model by fine-tuning them, to classify MR images into Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal control (NC). The performance of this method has been evaluated over Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging (ADNI) dataset by changing the learning rate of the model. Moreover, in this study, in order to demonstrate the transfer learning approach we utilize different pre-trained deep learning models such as GoogLeNet, VGG-16, AlexNet and ResNet-18, and compare their efficiency to classify AD. The overall classification accuracy resulted by GoogLeNet for training and testing was 99.84% and 98.25% respectively, which was exceptionally more than other models training and testing accuracies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.637-640
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• 2018

The paper proposes a new deep network-based model that rates periorbital wrinkles in order to alleviate the shortcomings of the evaluation by human experts as well as to facilitate the automation. Periorbital wrinkles still need to be classified by human experts. Furthermore, the classification results from experts are different from each other in many cases due to the inter-interpreter variability and the absence of quantification criteria. Unlike existing classification methods which classify original images, the proposed model consists of a cascade of two deep networks: U-Net for the enhancement of wrinkles on an input image and VGG16 for final classification based on the wrinkle information. Experiments of the proposed model are made with a data set that consists of 433 images rated by experts, showing the promising performance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.419-422
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• 2019

The recent increase in single-person households and family income has led to an increase in the number of pet owners. However, due to the owners' difficulty to communicate with them for 24 hours, pets, and especially dogs, tend to display unwanted behavior that can be harmful to themselves and their environment when left alone. Therefore, detecting those behaviors when the owner is absent is necessary to suppress them and prevent any damage. In this paper, we propose a camera-based system that detects a set of normal and unwanted behaviors using deep learning algorithms to monitor dogs when left alone at home. The frames collected from the camera are arranged into sequences of RGB frames and their corresponding optical flow sequences, and then features are extracted from each data flow using pre-trained VGG-16 models. The extracted features from each sequence are concatenated and input to a bi-directional LSTM network that classifies the dog action into one of the targeted classes. The experimental results show that our method achieves a good performance exceeding 0.9 in precision, recall and f-1 score.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.491-503
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• 2021

Wood identification is regularly performed by observing the wood anatomy, such as colour, texture, fibre direction, and other characteristics. The manual process, however, could be time consuming, especially when identification work is required at high quantity. Considering this condition, a convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based program is applied to improve the image classification results. The research focuses on the algorithm accuracy and efficiency in dealing with the dataset limitations. For this, it is proposed to do the sample selection process or only take a small portion of the existing image. Still, it can be expected to represent the overall picture to maintain and improve the generalisation capabilities of the CNN method in the classification stages. The experiments yielded an incredible F1 score average up to 93.4% for medium sample area sizes (200 × 200 pixels) on each CNN architecture (VGG16, ResNet50, MobileNet, DenseNet121, and Xception based). Whereas DenseNet121-based architecture was found to be the best architecture in maintaining the generalisation of its model for each sample area size (100, 200, and 300 pixels). The experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm can be an accurate and reliable solution.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose a novel method of performing convolutional operations on a 2-D Processing Element(PE) array. The conventional method [1] of mapping the convolutional operation using the 2-D PE array lacks flexibility and provides low utilization of PEs. However, by mapping a convolutional operation from a 2-D PE array to a 1-D PE array, the proposed method can increase the number and utilization of active PEs. Consequently, the throughput of the proposed Deep Convolutional Neural Network(DCNN) accelerator can be increased significantly. Furthermore, the power consumption for the transmission of weights between PEs can be saved. Based on the simulation results, the performance of the proposed method provides approximately 4.55%, 13.7%, and 2.27% throughput gains for each of the convolutional layers of AlexNet, VGG16, and ResNet50 using the DCNN accelerator with a (weights size) x (output data size) 2-D PE array compared to the conventional method. Additionally the proposed method provides approximately 63.21%, 52.46%, and 39.23% power savings.