• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.173-175
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• 2000

Nine strains of pathogenic Vibrio sp. of clinical and environmental origin were examined for the degradation of gelatin, casein and hemolysin which is important to the virulence of this bacterium. Culture filtrates of all nine strains of Vibrio exhibited proteolytic activities. Especially, four strains of V. parahaemolyticus and one V. alginolyticus showed strong gelatin-degrading activity. In terms of hemolytic activity, three V. parahaemolyticus and V. mimicus showed strong $\beta$-hemolysis whereas those of strains of V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis, V. vulnificus examined lacked this activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.48-50
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• 2000

The energetics at the succinate:quinone oxidoreductase segment of V. alginolyticus was studied using a fluorescence quenching technique with inside-out membrane vesicles. A transient generation of the membrane potential (inside-positive) and ${\Delta}pH$ (inside-acidic) occurred in the presence of KCN and succinate when ubiquinone-1 (Q1) was added. The membrane potential (\Delta\psi$) generated by the succinate; quinone oxidoreductase segment was completely collapsed by the protonophore carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) and the membrane permeable anion $SCN^{-}$, whereas the ${\Delta}pH$ was completely collapsed by CCCP and $(NH_4)_2SO_4$. From these results, it was concluded that the succinate: quinone oxidoreductase segment as well as quinol oxidase [1] in the respiratory chain of V. alginolyticus generated $H^{+}$ electrochemical potential.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.374-382
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• 2018

Petroleum hydrocarbons pollutants, such as diesel fuel, have caused ecosystem damage in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. They have been recognized as one of the most hazardous wastes. This study was designed to optimize the effect of Tween 80 concentration, nitrogen (N)/phosphorus (P) ratio and salinity level on diesel biodegradation by Vibrio alginolyticus (V. alginolyticus). Response surface methodology with Box-Behnken design was selected with three factors of Tween 80 concentration (0, 5, 10 mg/L), N/P ratio (5, 10, 15) and salinity level (15‰, 17.5‰, 20‰) as independent variables. The percentage of diesel degradation was a dependent variable for 14 d of the remediation period. The results showed that the percentages of diesel degradation generally increased with an increase in the amount of Tween 80 concentration, N/P ratio and salinity level, respectively. The optimization condition for diesel degradation by V. alginolyticus occurred at 9.33 mg/L of Tween 80, 9.04 of N/P ratio and 19.47‰ of salinity level, respectively, with percentages of diesel degradation at 98.20%. The statistical analyses of the experimental results and model predictions ($R^2=0.9936$) showed the reliability of the regression model and indicated that the addition of biostimulant can enhance the percentage of diesel biodegradation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.245-250
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• 2012

The 16S rDNA - RFLP types for six Vibrio species (V. fluvialis, V. proteolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. mimicus) including two core group members, V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticu s, and Grimontia (Vibrio) hollisae were determined using PCR-RFLP analysis. Six tetrameric restriction enzymes (Alu I, Cfo I, Dde I, Hae III, Msp I, and Rsa I) were selected for RFLP analysis. V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. proteolyticus showed the same RFLP pattern following digestion with four of the six used restriction enzymes: CfoI, DdeI, MspI, and RsaI. Various restriction enzyme combinations generated digests recognizable as distinct RFLP types for each of the assayed Vibrio species. In particular, AluI single digestion produced species specific band patterns that enabled the differentiation between these Vibrio species. Dendrogram based on restriction patterns showed that two Vibrio core group members, V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus were closely related having a similarity over 90%. Although the observed RFLP pattern for Grimontia hollisae shared several common bands with other Vibrio spp., G. hollisae results were still clearly distinct from Vibrio spp. RFLP types for all restriction enzymes tested. If restriction enzymes are aptly selected, PCR-RFLP analysis is still a rapid and effective tool for differentiating Vibrio species.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.903-909
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• 2015

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), a PCR-based diagnostic method, is based on autocycling strand displacement DNA synthesis in the presence of exonuclease-negative Bst DNA polymerase under isothermal conditions. With the help of four specific primers that recognize six different sequences of a target DNA, LAMP has high specificity in pathogenic identification in a short time. Hence, in the present study, LAMP is used as a diagnostic tool in the identification of the most dreadful aquatic pathogenic species, Vibrio alginolyticus, and to develop species-specific LAMP primers and optimization of LAMP reaction conditions such as annealing temperature, elongation time, and other PCR chemical concentrations, including MgSO₄, dNTPs, Betaine, and Bst polymerase. The optimized LAMP primers were also checked for specificity with other Vibrio species, which showed that the designed primers were very specific to V. alginolyticus After the first introduction of a species name like this one, the first part (“Vibrio” in this case) should be abbreviated to only the first letter.only. These are usually the most harmful pathogens of the Vibrio species that appear in shrimp and crabs. The results also revealed that the LAMP assay could be 10-fold more sensitive than conventional PCR in detecting V. alginolyticus. This could be the first report on using a rapid and highly sensitive technique, the LAMP assay, in the effective diagnosis of the pathogenic bacteria V. alginolyticus, which could help in the early detection of diseases, particularly in aquaculture.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2019

The seasonal and spatial variation of pathogenic Vibrio species, such as V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. alginolyticus, and V. cholerae were investigated in seawater and in bivalves off the Gyeongnam coast of Korea, which is an important area for shellfish production, during the period 2013-2016. V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. alginolyticus, and V. cholerae were detected in 12.1%, 5.2%, 15.4%, and 0.9% of seawater samples, respectively. V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. alginolyticus, and V. cholera were detected in 21.9%, 7.1%, 12.2%, and 0.0% of shellfish samples, respectively. The Vibrio spp. in seawater and bivalve samples were detected at high levels during the summer to early autumn; however, the levels were low during the winter. Therefore, their occurrence was seasonally dependent and correlated with high water temperature, which is also the biggest factor contributing to foodborne outbreaks associated with Vibrio. Relatively high detection rates of the strains were also found in the sea area that was continually exposed to inland wastewater. Our findings show that continuous monitoring is needed to reveal the patterns of occurrence of these pathogens from marine samples collected off the Korean coast, to reduce seafood-borne outbreaks caused by Vibrio.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.229-235
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• 2007

Cell number of Vibrio spp. was examined for the surface and bottom sea water harvested from the 9 stations in the Jeonam Archipelago Marine Ranching Ground in 2006～2007. Species population composition and dominant species were analyzed as well. The largest number of Vibrio spp. was detected in summer (June, 2007) among the 4 seasons with the surface and bottom sea water samples of 5.4～93.2 cfu㎖-1 and 1.0～53.1 cfu㎖-1. respectively. In winter (January, 2007), Vibrio spp. was not detected at all except that one station from which 0.2 cfu㎖-1 of Vibrio spp. was counted in the surface sea water sample. Cell numbers were 0～11.9 cfu㎖-1 and 0～8.3 cfu㎖-1, respectively, in the surface and bottom sea water samples retrieved in spring (April, 2007), and the corresponding sea water samples in autumn(November, 2006) were contaminated with 0.1～21.4 cfu㎖-1 and 0～2.9 cfu㎖-1, respectively. Species population composition of Vibrio spp. was found to be V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus and V. cholerae non-01 among which V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus were dominant in all seasons. V. alginolyticus was detected from all stations even in the winter season indicating that this species seems to be less temperature dependent than the other Vibrio spp..

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2004

A lot of cultured flounders died by ascitic disease blooming during the summer season in 2002, southern parts of Korea. This study was conducted to investigate the microbial flora for the ascitic cultivated olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) which were collected in the Koe-je island in the southern of Korea from July 2002 to October 2003. Three Genera (Vibrio, Photobacterium and Edwardsiella), seven species of bacteria (V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. carcariae, V. metschenikovii, P. damsela and E. tarda) and a fish pathogenic birnavirus (marine birnavirus, MABV) were isolated from the liver, dropsy, spleen and identified by biochemical and molecular biological characterization.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.185-199
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• 2021

Vibriosis is an important septicemic bacterial disease that affects a variety of commercial fish species, including cultured Dicentrarchus labrax. Nanotechnology has become an important modern tool for fish diseases prevention. Furthermore, nanomaterials have the ability to prevent and treat fish diseases. The current study was aimed to identify the causative agent of massive mortality of D. labrax commercial farm in Alexandria, Egypt. Experimental infection and the median lethal dose (LD50) of pathogenic isolate were assessed. Also, the effect of ginger nanoparticles (GNPs) and Sacchromyces cerevisiae as feed additives for prevention of vibriosis in D. labrax was carried out. Similarly, the tissue immunstimulant genes, IL-1β and TLR2 were measured in the spleen of feeding groups. The clinical signs of naturally diseased D. labrax showed corneal opacity and paleness of gills with excessive mucous secretion. The post-mortem abnormalities were severe hemorrhage and adhesion of internal organs. After bacteriological isolation and identification, the causative agent of mortality in the current study was Vibrio alginolyticus. The LD₅₀ of V. alginolyticus was 1.5×10^5.4 CFU/ml. The experimentally infected D. labrax showed ulceration, exophthalmia and skin hemorrhages. The post-mortem findings of the experimentally infected D. labrax revealed internal hemorrhage, spleen darkness and paleness of liver. There is no mortality and 100% RPS in groups fed GNPs then injected with V. alginolyticus, in those fed a combination of GNPs and S. cerevisiae and a group fed normal diet then injected with physiological saline (control negative), respectively. Contrarily, there was 10% mortality and 87.5 RPS in the group fed S. cerevisae then injected with V. alginolyticus. On the other hand, the control positive group showed 79% mortality. The spleen IL-1β and TLR2 immunostimulant genes were significantly increased in groups of fish fed GNNP, S. cerevisiae and a combination of GNPs and S. cerevisiae, respectively compared to control group. The highest stimulation of those immunostimulant genes was found in the group fed a combination of GNPs and S. cerevisiae, while fish fed S. cerevisiae had the lowest level. Dietary combination of GNPs and S. cerevisiae was shown to be efficient in preventing of vibriosis, with greatest stimulation of spleen IL-1β and TLR2 immunostimulant genes.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.316-322
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• 2002

A newly isolated heterotrophic marine bacterium, Vibrio alginolyticus, was used to remove a high load of ammonia gas under non-sterile condition. The cells were inoculated onto an inorganic packing material in a fixed-bed reactor (biofilter), and a high load of ammonia, in the range of ammonia gas concentration of 170 ppm to 880 ppm, was introduced continuously. Sucrose solution and 3% NaCl was supplied intermittently to supplement the carbon source and water to the biofilter. The average percentage of gas removed exceeded 85% for 107-day operation. The maximum removal capacity and the complete removal capacity were$19\;g-N\;kg^{-1}$ dry packing material $day^{-1}$ and $16\;g-N\;kg^{-1}$ dry packing material $day^{-1}$, respectively, which were about three times greater than those obtained in nitrifying sludge inoculated onto the same packing material. On day 82, the enhanced pressure drop was restored to the normal one by NaOH treatment, and efficient removal characteristics were later observed. During this operation, the non-sterile condition had no significantly adverse effect on the removability of ammonia by V. alginolyticus.