• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.187-198
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• 2011

User authentication refers to user identification based on something a user knows, something a user has, something a user is or something the user does; it can also take place based on a combination of two or more of such factors. With the increasingly diverse risks in online environments, user authentication methods are also becoming more diversified. This research analyzes user authentication methods being used in various online environments, such as web portals, electronic transactions, financial services and e-government, to identify the characteristics and issues of such authentication methods in order to present a user authentication level system model suitable for different online services. The results of our method are confirmed through a risk assessment and we verify its safety using the testing method presented in OWASP and NIST SP800-63.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.104.1-104.1
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to grasp the characteristics of user''''s response to perceived safety and visual preferences for outdoor green spaces by the types of campus layouts. This research was investigated by color slide ratings and questionnaire survey to the students who are majoring in Landscape architecture in three universities locating at Taegu area. Two research sites have similarities in many ways but have differences in campus land form and design type such as ''''Closed'''' and ''''Open'''' types. Major results were summarised as follows ; 1. As a result of the slide test, the high degree of visual preference was shown in the campus that is ''''Closed'''' type. However the degree of perceived safety was lower than that of in Youngnam Univ. campus. 2. According to the result of the comparative analysis between user''''s perceived safety and visual preferences in each campus, the degree of perceived safety at ''''Closed'''' type was lower than that of ''''Open'''' type, but the degree of visual satisfactioni was higher at ''''Closed'''' type. 3. The factors affecting visual preference in campus were shown as density of wood, land form, and diverse type of the spaces. On the other hand, the factors affecting perceived safety were ''''enclosed space by wood'''' at the day time, and ''''the condition of lighting'''' at night. 4. Regarding gender differences in sensation of each space variables, female users showed higher satisfactio on the scenic beauty. 5. Regression analysis showed that general satisfation was determined by the variables such as ''''arrangement'''', familiarity'''', ''''cleanness'''', and ''''closed feeling'''', in Kyungbook Univ. And in Youngnam Univ. , the variables were ''''texture'''', ''''perceived beauty'''', ''''cleanness'''', and ''''complexity'''' respectively. 6. In conclusion, campus users wanted the outdoor spaces that have various land form and somewhat ''''open-closed'''' mixture type, which has a good ''''Edge Effect'''' to satisfy both aspects in safety and visual preferneces.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.104-116
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to grasp the characteristics of user's response to perceived safety and visual preferences for outdoor green spaces by the types of campus layouts. This research was investigated by color slide ratings and questionnaire survey to the students who are majoring in Landscape architecture in three universities locating at Taegu area. Two research sites have similarities in many ways but have differences in campus land form and design type such as 'Closed' and 'Open' types. Major results were summarised as follows ; 1. As a result of the slide test, the high degree of visual preference was shown in the campus that is 'Closed' type. However the degree of perceived safety was lower than that of in Youngnam Univ. campus. 2. According to the result of the comparative analysis between user's perceived safety and visual preferences in each campus, the degree of perceived safety at 'Closed' type was lower than that of 'Open' type, but the degree of visual satisfactioni was higher at 'Closed' type. 3. The factors affecting visual preference in campus were shown as density of wood, land form, and diverse type of the spaces. On the other hand, the factors affecting perceived safety were 'enclosed space by wood' at the day time, and 'the condition of lighting' at night. 4. Regarding gender differences in sensation of each space variables, female users showed higher satisfactio on the scenic beauty. 5. Regression analysis showed that general satisfation was determined by the variables such as 'arrangement', familiarity', 'cleanness', and 'closed feeling', in Kyungbook Univ. And in Youngnam Univ. , the variables were 'texture', 'perceived beauty', 'cleanness', and 'complexity' respectively. 6. In conclusion, campus users wanted the outdoor spaces that have various land form and somewhat 'open-closed' mixture type, which has a good 'Edge Effect' to satisfy both aspects in safety and visual preferneces.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.842-850
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• 2021

Real Time Simulation (RTS) has long been used in the nuclear power industry for operator training and engineering purposes. And, Online Simulation (OLS) is based on RTS and with connection to the plant information system to acquire the measurement data in real time for calibrating the simulation models and following plant operation, for the purposes of analyzing plant events and providing indicative signs of malfunctioning. An OLS system has been developed to support PWR operations for CPR1000 plants. The OLS system provides graphical user interface (GUI) for operators to monitor critical plant operations for preventing faulty operation or analyzing plant events. Functionalities of the OLS system are depicted through the maneuvering of the GUI for various OLS functional modules in the system.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2023

This paper emphasizes that information received in disaster situations can lead to disparities in the effectiveness of communication, potentially causing damage. As a result, there is a growing demand for disaster and safety information among citizens. A user-centered disaster and safety information application service is designed to address the rapid dissemination of disaster and safety-related information, bridge information gaps, and alleviate anxiety. Through the Open API (Open Application Programming Interface), we can obtain clear information about the weather, air quality, and guidelines for disaster-related actions. Using chatbots, we can provide users with information and support decision-making based on their queries and choices, utilizing cloud APIs, public data portal open APIs, and solution knowledge bases. Additionally, through Mashup techniques with the Google Maps API and Twitter API, we can extract various disaster-related information, such as the time and location of disaster occurrences, update this information in the disaster database, and share it with users.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.561-586
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• 2012

This paper describes a summary of final prediction results by system-scale safety analysis codes during the OECD/NEA/CSNI ISP-50 exercise, targeting a 50% Direct Vessel Injection (DVI) line break integral effect test performed with the Advanced Thermal-Hydraulic Test Loop for Accident Simulation (ATLAS). This ISP-50 exercise has been performed in two consecutive phases: "blind" and "open" phases. Quantitative comparisons were performed using the Fast Fourier Transform Based Method (FFTBM) to compare the overall accuracy of the collected calculations. Great user effects resulting from the combination of the possible reasons were found in the blind phase, confirming that user effect is still one of the major issues in connection with the system thermal-hydraulic code application. Open calculations showed better prediction accuracy than the blind calculations in terms of average amplitude (AA) value. A total of nineteen organizations from eleven countries participated in this ISP-50 program and eight leading thermal-hydraulic system analysis codes were used: APROS, ATHLET, CATHARE, KORSAR, MARS-KS, RELAP5/MOD3.3, TECH-M-97, and TRACE.

• 커뮤니케이션디자인학연구
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• 제57권
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• pp.398-407
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• 2016

본 논문은 관리자 중심의 지하철사고 대응 매뉴얼을 사용자 중심의 지하철안전 가이드로 바꾸어 시민 스스로 사고를 예방할 수 있는 안전의식의 필요성을 알리는 연구이다. 최근 국제 사회를 보면, 공공장소의 테러와 대형 재난 재해가 급증하고 있다. 특히 지하철 화재사고의 경우 대처방법에 따라 대형 인명피해로 이어질 수 있으므로 예방과 사고 시 대처방법이 중요하다. 그러나 지하철의 화재 안전 가이드는 현재 홈페이지에 가장 자세히 안내되어 있지만, 역사 내 홍보물은 역마다 각기 다른 위치에서 통일성 없는 내용으로 홍보하고 있다. 사용자 중심의 지하철 화재 안전 가이드는 첫째, 공공디자인의 이해를 바탕으로 남녀노소 누구나 알기 쉬운 유니버설디자인의 법칙이 적용 되어야 하며 둘째, 기관마다 다른 방식의 홍보물을 통한 일방적인 홍보가 아닌 일관성 있는 디자인과 커뮤니케이션이 필요하고, 마지막으로 일상에서 사용성과 접근성을 높여 시민 스스로 안전의식을 높이고 더 나아가 사고예방 훈련 및 캠페인의 참여로 확장되어야 한다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2001

Korea gas industrial because of received LNG in 1987 was converted by the Gas Safety Management System in relation to city gas, LPG and LNG. Gas accident were caused by treatment problem on the supplier and user, on technical and use management mater, on facilities and goods, and included problem with gas safety connection system. This study is present standard application plan of each department to use planning gas technical standard and gas utilization standard of introduction model than statute for change of self-regulation management system and complicated regulation of examination center and order.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.78-89
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• 2017

기존 경로 탐색 알고리즘은 최단거리, 최단시간 등 교통지표를 계수로 활용한 최단경로탐색 알고리즘에 국한되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 이용자 선호도에 따른 안전, 환경 비용을 추가한 대중교통 경로 탐색 알고리즘을 도출하였다. 알고리즘 적용 및 평가 방안으로 Macro Simulation인 VISUM으로 분석을 시행하였다. 안전, 환경 저항값에 따라 버스보다 지하철을 이용한 경로를 더 선호하였으며, 우회하더라도 안전하고 환경적인 경로를 선택하는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 안전, 환경을 고려한 타 경로탐색 알고리즘 검증 시 활용이 가능하며, 향후 스마트폰 Application에 이용자 선호에 따른 경로탐색 알고리즘을 도입할 시 안전, 환경에 대한 경로를 선택하여 이용자들에게 매우 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 이용자 친화적인 측면의 정보제공 질 향상을 도모할 수 있다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.343-352
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• 2008

Safety-critical systems related to the railway communications are currently undergoing changes. Mechanical and electro-mechanical devices are being replaced by programmable electronics that are often controlled remotely via communication networks. Therefore designers and operators now not only have to contend with component failures and user errors, but also with the possibility that malicious entities are seeking to disrupt the services provided by theirs systems. Recognizing the safety-critical nature of the types of communications required in rail control operations, the communications infrastructure will be required to meet a number of safety requirements such as system faults, user errors and the robustness in the presence of malicious attackers who are willing to take determined action to interfere in the correct operation of a system. This paper discusses the safety strategies employed in the railway communications and proposes a security mechanism for Korean railway communication system. We present the developed communication safety evaluation tool based on the proposed security mechanism and also evaluate its protecting capability against the threats of masquerading, eavesdropping, and unauthorized message manipulation.