• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.602-617
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• 1990

In this paper, we analyze the performance of D-channel access protocol at the S-reference point for the ISDN user network interface recommended by CCITT. For the case of multipoint access to D-channel, a queueing model of D-channel access protocol is proposed. The delay is analyzed by decomposing it into waiting queue delay and contention delay. The contention delay is decomposed further into vain contention delay and pure contention delay so the analysis of the priority queueing system with symmetrical and asymmetrical arrival rates may be applied. The numerical results obtained are compared with the results of the single station queueing system served by the non-preemptive priority.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2016

The purpose of the study was to identify user' satisfaction about universal design in public service center that will be needed for helping planning and design the public service center. This study conducted a questionnaire survey targeting visitor in five district's public service center in Gwangju metropolitan city. A total of 253 responses were analyzed for identifying the level of satisfaction about universal design in public service center. The study also analyzed of the respondents depending on their demographic characteristics. The features of universal design were categorized into supportive design, communicability, safety-oriented design and accessible design, and total 25 specific items were included in the evaluation. Most of the respondents were satisfied with the waiting space, however they showed a lower level of satisfaction toward the information materials space. Those with a higher education attainment tended to be associated with stronger satisfaction with common space and information materials space. Groups with a lower age were more likely to be satisfied with common space and public service space. Also female tended to show a stronger degree of satisfaction with common space than male. The findings from this study should provide a guideline for planning and design the public service center.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 1987

Congestion occurs whenever users interfere with each other, while competing for scarce resources. In a congested market, such as a telecommunication service market, users of telecommunication services incur costs in using the service in addition to the price. The user's own time costs involved in learning to use the service, waiting for the service, and making use of the service are typically greater than the price of telecommunication services. A market equilibrium analysis is performed in which a method for user demand aggregation is developed. The effects of price changes on user demands and market demands for congested services are examined. It is found that total market demands may increase as the price for less-congested services increase under certain demand conditions. This suggests that a nonuniform pricing scheme for a congested service may improve the utilization of the congested system. The sign of price cross-elasticity for congested services is show to vary with demand conditions. A possible complementary property of congested services is found and the implication of such a property is discussed. It is argued that such a complementary property may lead to a cross subsidy in a market with congestion. Finally, comparisons between uniform pricing and nonuniform pricing policies are made. A specific numerical example is given to show that a nonuniform pricing policy may be Pareto superior to a uniform pricing policy.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.28-42
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• 2021

Purposes: The objective of this study is to analyze service design process of dental clinic preventive service by using 'Double Diamond Design Process' which is user-centered for improving dental clinic management efficiency. Methodology: We examine case study that dental clinic preventive service of local dental clinic. Following the double diamond design four steps(①discover, ②define, ③develop, ④deliver), we use suitable analytic tools in each steps. In discover step, we perform observation and desk research. Next, in define step, affinity diagram, user persona, and user journey map are performed. We then make service blueprint in develop step. Finally, in deliver step, virtual scenario and confirm some outputs which are based on results of former steps are suggested. Findings: As a result of this study, waiting and consulting phases turn out that these phases are in the most trouble than others. Users(patients) have lots of complain and dissatisfaction in these phases. These touch-points will have to be modified Practical Implication: After checking this study result, it could suggest improvement schemes. To apply these, we try to make some scenarios, and finally realize some outputs. Service design has arisen to strengthen the competitiveness by reflecting user's experience and needs. Especially, service design is not typical, it is so flexible that can apply to various situation and objects. We hope that result of this study is made good use for dental clinics in need.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.248-258
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• 2011

Hospital Kiosk is a useful means to decrease human resources and to extend service hour to non-working hour for the stance of hospital and to obtain useful services without time loss in waiting in lines for the stance of user. However, various kinds of information kiosks are respectively installed with independent functions, and they have bad usability due to complexity in manipulate and unclear information architecture. In this paper, we tried to analyze usability and respective functions of each kiosk and aimed to suggest alternative information architecture for the integrated hospital kiosk. We categorized users as patient, guardian and visitor and we conducted usability test and in-depth interview with each group of users. based on result analysis from the research, we could suggest proper information architecture for the integrated user centered hospital kiosk. The new information architecture for the integrated hospital kiosk has better accessibility to the menus which reflects users's preemptive needs and it includes more specific information that can support user tasks.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.418-423
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• 2015

As the development of technology advances at exceptional speed, the functions of wearable devices become more diverse and complicated, and many users find some of the functions difficult to use. In this paper, the main aim is to provide the user with an interface that is more friendly and easier to use. The speech recognition is easy to use and also easy to insert an input order. However, speech recognition is problematic when using on a wearable device that has limited computing power and battery. The wearable device cannot predict when the user will give an order through speech recognition. This means that while speech recognition must always be activated, because of the battery issue, the time taken waiting for the user to give an order is impractical. In order to solve this problem, we use gesture recognition. This paper describes how to use both speech and gesture recognition as a multimodal interface to increase the user's comfort.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.274-284
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the play behaviour and play environment of children at the Air-bounce space in the theme museum, using user observation and interviewing user behaviour, main methods of user research. Study area is Animation theme museum in Chuncheon City, Kangwon Province, Republic of Korea. Main results show that physical, emotional, cognitive, and social behaviour of playing children in the study area are observed, and this study draws the planning and design related implications of play space such as carrying capacity, waiting room and safety guard and so on. The results of this study can be used in the planning and design process of children's play environment as important guidelines.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.387-395
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• 2009

The establishment of security architecture is essential because security vulnerabilities occur such as user's unjustifiable connection for the opened gateway and access to resources without permission in OSGi service platform environment. In this paper, it proposes a authentication technique for an Automatic user authentication which is used the Symmetric Key and the Service bundle authentication to consider the constraints of the hardware in the OSGi service platform environment. Typically, the type of entering a password is used for the user authentication mechanism however OSGi platform environment studies not entering the password but using MAC address and encrypted identifier of the automatic user authentication mechanism because the devices are limited in their input. In this paper, the Symmetric Key is used for bundle authentication mechanism. Therefore operation becomes quick and secure authentication process has been successfully completed by using the time data and a ticket which contains a license. Based on these two different authentication mechanisms, it could eliminate the constraints of resources and improve the convenience of users and administrators. Also it shows an effect from omitting the waiting time to enter a password and reducing operations which need for authentication in the OSGi service platform environment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.781-787
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a computerized touch-screen version of the asthma-specific quality-of-life (cA-QOL) questionnaire against the conventional paper-and-pencil version (pA-QOL) for equivalence, time for completion, user preference, and ease of use. Methods: A total of 261 patients were recruited. A randomized cross-over design was used. Patients in group A completed the cA-QOL first while waiting to see a physician, and completed the pAQOL version after seeing the physician. Patients allocated in group B completed these questionnaires in the reverse order. The patients were asked questions about user preference and ease of use of the cA-QOL. The time taken to complete both versions of the questionnaire was measured. Results: Weighted kappa coefficients of all items showed almost perfect agreement. The time required to complete the pA-QOL is faster than the time for cA-QOL. The patients who preferred the cA-QOL were 37.5%, while those who preferred the pA-QOL were 29.9%. Most patients reported that the cA-QOL was "easy" or "very easy" to complete. Conclusion: The cA-QOL is the computerized equivalent of the pA-QOL. The findings herein demonstrate that the cA-QOL can be helpful to nurses in busy practices for assessing, collecting, and evaluating their patients' health related quality of life.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.2 s.46
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• pp.37-45
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• 2007

In this paper, we proposed a new customized e-Ring(Enterprise Ring Back Tone) system which could be represented each user and organization feature. The e-Ring system provided the ring back tone and additional services to reduce the waiting time when the client called an organization. This system was for an appropriate organization public relations instead of the meaningless ring back tone which was used usual call, also was maximized the service availability and work efficiency which was obtained from the automatic response and service suppling to users who had needs and questions.