• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.215-231
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• 2020

In a reinforced concrete building different shapes of column are adopted depending on the structural orientation and the architectural aspect. When there is an increase in loading due to changes in usage or revision in the design codes these columns need to be strengthened for enhanced performance during their service life. Strengthening materials such as carbon fiber and glass fiber polymer has been successfully used however, due to high cost application other alternative materials need to be explore. Galvanized steel wire mesh (GSWM) is one of the suitable materials locally available. High tensile strength, low weight, corrosion resistance, easy installation, minimum change in dimensions of the sections and cost effectives are the advantages of GSWM. Therefore, in this paper, four different shapes of column such as circular, square, rectangular and L were wrapped with different layers GSWM and jacketed with mortar. All the specimens were tested under axial compression. The objective of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of GSWM as a confining material for strengthening of column having varying shape. Test results shows that the axial strength enhanced with wrapping of GSWM jacket and a circular column presented the highest load carrying capacity and ductility as compared to the others. From the study of 22 column specimens, it is found that axial load is increased upto 20% and 19% when circular and square column are strengthened with one wrap of GSWM respectively, while a rectangular and L column required a wraps of two and three layers respectively in order to achieved the same load capacity as that of a circular column. Based on the present study, it is concluded that GSWM can be effectively used for strengthening of different shapes of concrete columns economically.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.801-809
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• 2011

Objectives : The Purpose of this study is to apply an oral health education program to the high school students, to analyze their oral health knowledge and changes of behaviors, and to examine oral health education for effective, thus using all of those results as the basic data for developing materials on their oral health education. Methods : The study was conducted on the freshmen and women of M high student in Seoul City. They were in total 85 student, consisting of 77 of male student(90.6%) and 8 of female student(9.4%). Knowledge survey contained 38 questions including such as dental common knowledge, dental caries, and periodontal disease, while behaviors survey did 24 questions including such as tooth-brushing, brush selection and management, and prevention of oral disease. Results : First, oral health education had brought to improve oral health knowledge for high school students. Second, even with the improvement of oral health behaviors through the education, there was not statistically significant on behaviors such as the regular checkups and the usage of dental floss. And third, the students in general were satisfied with the oral health education. Conclusions : First, the oral health education being conducted in kindergarten and elementary school should be continued or expanded into the adolescence. Second, the oral health education should be focused efficiently on the learning objective demanding for a change of behavior through the repeated education, for which the education that is right for the high school students should be done. And third, for the effective oral health education in high school, the media that could cause interests should be developed.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2015

The water jetting system for a jack-up spudcan requires the suitable design considering the platform/spudcan particulars, environments, and soil conditions, either the surficial clay or surficial sand. The usage of water jetting depends critically on soil conditions. The water jetting is usually used for the smooth and fast extraction of the spudcan in the surficial clay condition. It is also required for inserting spudcan up to the required depth in the surficial sand condition, which is investigated in this paper. Especially, it should be very careful to use the water jetting during an installation of spudcan in the surficial sand condition, because there is a risk of overturning accident related to the punch-through. Therefore, in this study, the effect of water jetting flow rate and time on the change of soil properties and penetration resistance is analyzed to better understand their interactions and correlations when inserting the spudcan with water jetting in surficial sand condition. For the investigation, a wind turbine installation jack-up rig (WTIJ) is selected as the target platform and the multi layered soil (surficial sand overlaying clays) is considered as the soil condition. The environmental loading and soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis are performed by using CHARM3D and ANSYS. This kind of investigation and simulation is needed to decide the proper water jetting flow rate and time of spudcan for the given design condition.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.523-535
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• 2017

Despite consumers' increasing awareness and interests in innovative wearable devices, the sales growth has been stagnant. To analyze this phenomenon, we investigate consumer preferences for various innovative features embedded in wearable devices. Conducting conjoint analysis on smartwatches, we empirically show that the curse of innovation can occur when the consumer's expected utility from the smartwatch falls short of his/her psychological cost associated with behavior change from smartwatch usage. Therefore, our findings provide managerial implications on the R&D strategy for new technologies and more importantly on the marketing strategy easing consumers' resistance to highly innovative products.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2019

In this study, the effects of blast furnance slag cement and frost-resistant accelerator on shrinkage properties and shrinkage properties of mortar were examined. As a result, the addition of the frost-resistant accelerator to both OPC and BB has a small effect on the flash properties of mortar and the compressive strength increases from the early ages. In addition, when a frost-resistant accelerator is used in excess of the standard usage amount, it is necessary to examine the relationship of the expansion behavior at the early age, especially, between the compressive strength development and the expansion property. And it was confirmed that the addition of the frost-resistant accelerator tended to increase the shrinkage of mortar using the OPC and BB. With the addition of the frost-resistant accelerator, the amount of pores with a diameter of under the 30nm, especially, the amount of pores with a diameter of 20 to 30nm and the amount of pores with an ink-bottle decrease, and the shrinkage increases. And it is considered that a change in the amount this range of pores has a large effect on the shrinkage property.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.665-676
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• 2019

The Korean society is currently showing a decrease in the child population and a rapid increase in the elderly population due to low birth rates and aging, but the current park system does not reflect the changing population structure. This study aimed to find ways to plan and promote use of senior-friendly parks for the aging society. The results are as follows. First, the elderly mostly gathered in Tapgol Park and Jongmyo Park which were accessible to subways and close to amenities and traditional markets. The elders usually gathered around buffer zones or green spaces set up to protect cultural heritages. Second, many elderly users were observed in Osolgil Silver Park and Sinteuri Park which were renovated with senior-friendly concept. These parks were recognized as places that the elderly people could visit without minding users of other generations because the elderly users were ensured by words such as 'seniors only' or 'senior-friendly'. Third, the importance of the locational conditions for the senior-friendly parks should be mentioned. A senior-friendly park must be located in an urban center to have convenient access to transportation, secure large green spaces, and make elderly users feel at ease with social connectivity when they use the amenities there. Fourth, the survey results showed that elderly people visited parks to exerciseand take a walk (track),by age, older age groups visited the park to socialize with other elders around their age. Fifth, the most desired facilities for constructing senior-friendly parks were fitness equipment, and sports facilities like a trail, track, and gateball field, and in some cases, vegetable gardens and indoor rest area to avoid wind in cold weather.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.189-208
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• 2011

In the digital environment where the Internet and IT change rapidly, researchers have utilized scientific information by relying on more complex and various media than before. This study performed a group interview with thirteen questions derived from five categories in order to understand information needs and information seeking behaviors of Korean doctoral researchers in this information environment. The five categories are (1) identifying information resource usage pattern, (2) attitude towards information resources and reasons for use, (3) IT skills and information literacy, (4) physical library use vs electronic access, and (5) attitudes toward the digital library. In particular, this study focused on analyzing similarities and differences of two groups of researchers selected equally in the humanities and social sciences and in science and technology by doing the interview. The research showed that there are no differences in the goal of using scientific information, information literacy, the ratio of using written materials to electronic resources, and routes of acquiring research ideas or knowledge, but there are differences in materials used for studies or researches and in favorite scientific portal sites.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2021

The construction guarantee market is a rear market affected by changes in the construction industry and market. As the restructuring of the construction industry's production system is being carried out, such as the abolition of regulations on business field between general and specialty contractors, major changes are expected not only in the construction market but also in the construction guarantee market. In construction guarantee market, there are currently three Contractor Financial Cooperatives, which are divided based on business field and business type(General, Specialty and Plant & Mechanical). The abolition of business field regulation will have various effects on construction guarantee market, such as forming a competitive structure among the three Contractor Financial Cooperatives. Therefore the role of the construction guarantee institutions are also required to change. This study predicted the changes in the construction guarantee market after the restructuring of construction industry and analyzed the ripple effect on the market. This study reviewed the details of the reorganization plan on the construction industry, policies and statistical data related to construction guarantee, and lastly conducted the survey on each member of the three Contractor Financial Cooperatives to analyze the usage behavior in the future guarantee market. Based on the result of this study, the members of both the General Contractor Financial Cooperative and Specialty Contractor Financial Cooperative are not willing to change the existing institutions, but a lot of them are expected to use other institutions in duplicate. The members of the Plant & Mechanical Contractor Financial Cooperative are most willing to use other guarantee institutions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.37
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• pp.253-273
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• 1998

The culture reflects the ideology of a particular period in time and such values change according to the needs and requests of that time which eventually becomes an important factorin forming the exterior. The clothing is part of a way that composes and expresses the inherent substance of society and culture. Also, the clothing itself manifests the artistic values and behavior of mankind as an external structure maintaining its place as a big part in culture. The purpose of this study are to elucidat the concept of naturalism, which is discussed in many facets in the modern era; I studied the concept as well as the history of naturalism in order to manifest the meaning of clothing in the context of culture and I explained the concept in terms of the modern era. On such ground, I explained the naturalism expressed through clothing and characterized the exter-nal form of clothing. Also, in order to know the stream of naturalism in the modern context, I referred to the Vogue magazine of the 90s, using Delong's ABC method. Naturalism, in the context of modern fashion is a way to express the nostalgia of nature's vi-ability and purity of ecology apart from the artificial and structural appearance that resulted form scientific enhancement and hence, the ecological crisis. Naturalism pursues the soft- ness and comfort of the natural silhouette, color and material of the human body and it can be said that naturalism emphasizes the mix-ture of three substances : human, nature and clothing. The naturalism can be characterized by the factors expressed in clothing as follows. First, the naturalism shown in the form it-self draws the beauty of the bodyline without any reduction nor exaggeration. Without any distorttion of the human bodyline it shown the curve as one moves along, using the soft material. Second, the naturalism shown in color most-ly uses the natural tone with added white color and other color low in intensity and value like the receded colors of the earth that could be compared to the beauty of ecru. Third, the naturalism shown in the material is thin, light and soft in texture. In order to bring out the most natural curve of the human body, the natural fiber becomes the main material, sometimes, using crude materials. Due to the lindustrial improvement, softness and elasticity is added to the natural fibers giving them an important role as materials. Fourth, the naturalism shown in textile depicts the real natural objects in life. According to my study, the personality of naturalism in modern clothing was shown to be most strong in material and then in the order of form, texture and textile. The material com-posed of the natural silhouette and natural fibers were used to make soft color. In form, Paul Poiret made appearance expressing the natural beauty of the human body without the corset ; it continued with the inner lining making the clothing hard but in the 90s, lining-less, extremely exposed clothes and knit wear is used to emphasize the natural beauty of the body. In color and textile, the tendency spok-en above is not as strong but in color, instead of high intensity or value, the usage of neutral colors with added white color or ecru color, ear-th tone is increasing. In textile, the usage of flowers as natural material is seen frequently. As a whole, naturalistic trend in the 90s is increasing and the modern fashion is breaking out from the artificial and architectural form and conforming to a form that can realize the natural beauty of the human body. And the natural color and textile that conforms to such ideas are being used to pursue the human oriented trend that has appeared due to the increase in usage of soft natural fiber. Nowadays, the idea of returning to nature, defying the artificiality, desiring the leisure and psychological abundance that can be explained as naturalistic way of thinking is necessitated in this modern era as long as humans coexist with nature, this tendency will continue in clothing.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-23
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• 2019

Big data refers to data that is difficult to store, manage, and analyze by existing software. As the lifestyle changes of consumers increase the size and types of needs that consumers desire, they are investing a lot of time and money to understand the needs of consumers. Companies in various industries utilize Big Data to improve their products and services to meet their needs, analyze unstructured data, and respond to real-time responses to products and services. The financial industry operates a decision support system that uses financial data to develop financial products and manage customer risks. The use of big data by financial institutions can effectively create added value of the value chain, and it is possible to develop a more advanced customer relationship management strategy. Financial institutions can utilize the purchase data and unstructured data generated by the credit card, and it becomes possible to confirm and satisfy the customer's desire. CRM has a granular process that can be measured in real time as it grows with information knowledge systems. With the development of information service and CRM, the platform has change and it has become possible to meet consumer needs in various environments. Recently, as the needs of consumers have diversified, more companies are providing systematic marketing services using data mining and advanced CRM (Customer Relationship Management) techniques. KB Kookmin Card, which started as a credit card business in 1980, introduced early stabilization of processes and computer systems, and actively participated in introducing new technologies and systems. In 2011, the bank and credit card companies separated, leading the 'Hye-dam Card' and 'One Card' markets, which were deviated from the existing concept. In 2017, the total use of domestic credit cards and check cards grew by 5.6% year-on-year to 886 trillion won. In 2018, we received a long-term rating of AA + as a result of our credit card evaluation. We confirmed that our credit rating was at the top of the list through effective marketing strategies and services. At present, Kookmin Card emphasizes strategies to meet the individual needs of customers and to maximize the lifetime value of consumers by utilizing payment data of customers. KB Kookmin Card combines internal and external big data and conducts marketing in real time or builds a system for monitoring. KB Kookmin Card has built a marketing system that detects realtime behavior using big data such as visiting the homepage and purchasing history by using the customer card information. It is designed to enable customers to capture action events in real time and execute marketing by utilizing the stores, locations, amounts, usage pattern, etc. of the card transactions. We have created more than 280 different scenarios based on the customer's life cycle and are conducting marketing plans to accommodate various customer groups in real time. We operate a smart offering system, which is a highly efficient marketing management system that detects customers' card usage, customer behavior, and location information in real time, and provides further refinement services by combining with various apps. This study aims to identify the traditional CRM to the current CRM strategy through the process of changing the CRM strategy. Finally, I will confirm the current CRM strategy through KB Kookmin card's big data utilization strategy and marketing activities and propose a marketing plan for KB Kookmin card's future CRM strategy. KB Kookmin Card should invest in securing ICT technology and human resources, which are becoming more sophisticated for the success and continuous growth of smart offering system. It is necessary to establish a strategy for securing profit from a long-term perspective and systematically proceed. Especially, in the current situation where privacy violation and personal information leakage issues are being addressed, efforts should be made to induce customers' recognition of marketing using customer information and to form corporate image emphasizing security.