• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ursolic Acid

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Suppressive Effect of Maslinic Acid on PMA-induced Protein Kinase C in Human B-Lymphoblastoid Cells

  • Mooi, Lim Yang;Yew, Wong Teck;Hsum, Yap Wei;Soo, Khoo Kong;Hoon, Lim Saw;Chieng, Yeo Chew
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.1177-1182
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    • 2012
  • Protein kinase C (PKC) has been implicated in carcinogenesis and displays variable expression profiles during cancer progression. Studies of dietary phytochemicals on cancer signalling pathway regulation have been conducted to search for potent signalling regulatory agents. The present study was designed to evaluate any suppressive effect of maslinic acid on PKC expression in human B-lymphoblastoid cells (Raji cells), and to identify the PKC isoforms expressed. Effects of maslinic acid on PKC activity were determined using a PepTag$^{(R)}$ assay for non-radioactive detection of PKC. The highest expression in Raji cells was obtained at 20 nM PMA induced for 6 hours. Suppressive effects of maslinic acid were compared with those of four PKC inhibitors (H-7, rottlerin, sphingosine, staurosporine) and two triterpenes (oleanolic acid and ursolic acid). The $IC_{50}$ values achieved for maslinic acid, staurosporine, H-7, sphingosine, rottlerin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid were 11.52, 0.011, 0.767, 2.45, 5.46, 27.93 and $39.29\;{\mu}M$, respectively. Four PKC isoforms, PKC ${\beta}I$, ${\beta}II$, ${\delta}$, and ${\zeta}$, were identified in Raji cells via western blotting. Maslinic acid suppressed the expression of PKC ${\beta}I$, ${\delta}$, and ${\zeta}$ in a concentration-dependent manner. These preliminary results suggest promising suppressive effects of maslinic acid on PKC activity in Raji cells. Maslinic acid could be a potent cancer chemopreventive agent that may be involved in regulating many downstream signalling pathways that are activated through PKC receptors.

Effect of Jawan-Chihyosan and Gwaru-Jisiltang on Secretion of Mucin by the First Cultivated Goblet Cells of Rodent's Airway (자완치효산(紫莞治哮散散)과 과루지실탕(瓜蔞枳實湯)이 일차배양된 설치류(齧齒類) 기도(氣道) 배상세포(杯狀細胞)에서의 뮤신 분비에 미치는 영향)

  • Park Jung-Joon;Kim Yoon-Sik;Seol In-Chan
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.69-75
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    • 2006
  • In the present study, the author tried to investigate whether four oriental medical prescriptions named, jawan-chihyosan (CHS), gwaru-jisiltang (GJT), and several single compounds, kaempferol, coumarin, betaine and ursolic acid significantly affect mucin release from cultured hamster tracheal surface epithelial (HTSE) cells. Confluent HTSE cells were metabolically radiolabeled with 3H-glucosamine for 24 hrs and chased for 30 min in the presence of CHS, GJT, kaempferol, coumarin, betaine and ursolic acid, respectively, to assess the effect of each agent on 3H-mucin release. Possible cytotoxicities of each agent were assessed by measuring lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release. Additionally, total elution profiles of control spent media and treatment sample (CHS and GJT) through Sepharose CL-4B column were analysed and effect of CHS and GJT on MUC5AC mRNA expression in cultured HTSE cells were investigated. The results were as follows : (1) CHS and GJT significantly stimulated mucin release from cultured HTSE cells, with significant cytotoxicity , (2) CHS and GJT chiefly stimulated the 'mucin' release and did not affect significantly the release of the other releasable glycoproteins with less molecular weight than mucin. This result suggests that the three herbal prescriptions specifically stimulate the release of mucin ; (3) CHS and GJT significantly increased the expression levels of MUC 5AC mRNA. This result suggests that the three herbal prescriptions can affect the synthesis of mucin at gene level in cultured HTSE cells ; (4) Kaempferol and coumarin did not affect mucin release, however, betaine and ursolic acid stimulated mucin release. All the agents did not show significant cytotoxicity. We suggest that the effects of CHS and GJT, betaine and ursolic acid should be further investigated and it is of great value to find, from oriental medical prescriptions, novel agents which have the effective expectorant or mucoregulative effect on mucin secretion from airway goblet cells.

Nutritional Analyses and Antioxidant Activity of Apple Pomace (사과 부산물의 영양성분 분석 및 항산화 효과)

  • Kim, Jieun;Shin, Jiyoung;Yang, Ji-Young
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.31 no.7
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    • pp.617-625
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    • 2021
  • To enhance the applications of apple pomace, which is a by-product of apple, this study analyzed the nutritional components, ursolic acid content, and antioxidant activity of different solvent (distilled water, fermented alcohol, and methanol) extracts. The samples included hot air-dried and freeze-dried apple pomace. The moisture, protein, fat, ash, and total dietary fiber contents of hot air-dried apple pomace were 3.2%, 3.9%, 2.4%, 2.0%, and 28.5%, respectively, and those of freeze-dried apple pomace were 8.2%, 3.4%, 2.4%, 1.8%, and 33.0%, respectively. Ursolic acid was not detected in the distilled water extract of either sample. However, in hot air-dried apple pomace, the methanol extract was 1,753.32 ㎍/ml, and the fermented alcohol extract was 1,532.94 ㎍/ml. In freeze-dried apple pomace, the methanol extract was 1,407.04 ㎍/ml, and the fermented alcohol extract was 1,221.81 ㎍/ml. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were 306.7 ㎍/ml and 950.1 ㎍/ml, respectively in methanol extracts of hot air-dried apple pomace and 277.6 ㎍/ml and 925.0 ㎍/ml, respectively in methanol extracts of freeze-dried apple pomace. 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities of hot air-dried apple pomace were 73.3% in methanol extract and 59.4% in fermented alcohol extract, and those of freeze-dried apple pomace were 76.1% in methanol extract and 66.0% in fermented alcohol extract. Both samples had the lowest antioxidant activity in distilled water extracts. Similar to DPPH radical scavenging activity, both samples showed increasing 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity in the order of methanol, fermented alcohol, and distilled water. All samples had stronger reducing power than ascorbic acid (311.5 ㎍/ ml) as a positive control.

Phytochemical Studies on Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (숙지황(熟地黃)의 성분연구)

  • Lee, Joo-Young;Lee, Eun-Ju;Kim, Ju-Sun;Lee, Je-Hyun;Kang, Sam-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.117-126
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    • 2011
  • Twenty-two compounds were isolated from the 70% ethanolic extract of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Scrophulariaceae) and their structures were identified as three triterpenoids [oleanolic acid (1), pomonic acid (2) and ursolic acid (5)], an iridoid, catalpol (13), four furan derivatives [5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde acetate (3), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (6), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (7), and 5-(${\alpha}$-D-galactopyranosyloxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde (15)], three phenethyl alcohol glycosides [darendoside B (14), phenethyl alcohol 2-O-${\beta}$-D-xylopyranosyl(1${\rightarrow}$6)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (17), and salidroside (19)], four sugar derivatives [L-arabinose (11), raffinose (20), stachyose (21), and mannitol (22)], and seven others [2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (4), succinic acid (8), daucosterol (9), ${\beta}$-sitosterol (10), adenosine (16), uridine (18) jio-cerebroside (12)]. The chemical structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic methods and comparison with literature values. This is the first report of the triterpenoids oleanolic acid (1), pomonic acid (2), and ursolic acid (5) from the genus Rehmannia, as well as the first report of compounds 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde acetate (3), 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (4), daucosterol (9), darendoside B (14), 5-(${\alpha}$-D-galactopyranosyloxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde (15), adenosine (16), phenethyl alcohol 2-O-${\beta}$-D-xylopyranosyl(1${\rightarrow}$6)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (17), and salidroside (19) from the Rehmanniae Radix Preparata.

Triterpenoids from the Fruits of Cornus kousa Burg. as Human Acyl-CoA: Cholesterol Acyltransferase Inhibitors

  • Lee, Dae-Young;Jung, La-Koon;Lyu, Ha-Na;Jeong, Tae-Sook;Lee, Youn-Hyung;Baek, Nam-In
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.223-227
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    • 2009
  • The fruits of Cornus kousa Burg. were extracted with 80% aqueous methanol (MeOH) and the concentrated extract was partitioned with ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and $H_2O$. From the EtOAc traction, 5 triterpenoids were isolated through repeated silica gel ($SiO_2$), octadecyl silica gel (ODS), and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography (c.c.). These compounds were determined to be ursolic acid (1), corosolic acid (2), taraxasterol (3), betulinic acid (4), and betulinic aldehyde (5) on the basis of their spectroscopic data including electronic ionization mass spectrometry, ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance. This is the first reported isolation of these compounds from this plant. Also, compounds 1, 3, 4, and 5 show a relatively high inhibitory activity against human acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase-1 (hACAT-1) with inhibition values of $52.8{\pm}0.7$, $91.1{\pm}0.4$, $93.0{\pm}0.7$, and $96.2{\pm}0.2%$ at a concentration of $100{\mu}M$, respectively.

A Component from Cornus officinalis Enhances Hydrogen Peroxide Generation from Macrophages (산수유의 반응성 산소종 생성 증진 성분)

  • Kim, Dae-Keun;Kwak, Jong-Hwan;Ryu, Jung-Hee;Kwon, Hak-Chul;Song, Ki-Won;Kang, Sam-Sik;Lee, Sung-Haeng;Lee, Eun-Ah;Kwon, Nyoyn-Soo;Lee, Kang-Ro;Zee, Ok-Pyo
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.101-104
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    • 1996
  • Hydrogen peroxide is one of major chemicals mediating antitumor and antimicrobial activities of macrophages. We searched natural products enhancing hydrogen peroxide generation from murine macrophage-like cell line J774. Among 21 methanol extracts of Korean medicinal plants, the extract from Cornus officinalis was the most effective. The active component from the fractions was searched by activity guided fractionation, and identified as ursolic acid by spectral data.

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Isolation and Characterization of Acidic Triterpenes from the Fruits of Chaenomeles sinensis (모과로부터 산성 트리테르펜의 분리 및 동정)

  • 노승배;장은하;임광식
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.39 no.6
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    • pp.610-615
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    • 1995
  • Three acidic triterpense were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the fruits of Chenomeles sinensis (Rosaceae) together with previously reported oleanolic acid and ursolic acid by repeated silica gel colunm chromatography. Their structures have been elucidated as $2{\alpha},{\;}3{\betha}-dihydroxyolean-l2-en-28-oic$ acid(l. maslinic acid), $2{\alpha},{\;}3{\alpha},{\;}19{\alpha}-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic$ acid (2, euscaphic acid), and $2{\alpha},{\;}3{\betha}-dihydroxyolean-l2-en-28-oic$ acid (3,tormentic acid), respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence.

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Phytochemical Constituents of Synurus excelsus (큰수리취의 식물화학적 성분연구)

  • Nam, Jung-Hwan;Choi, Sang-Zin;Lee, Kang-Ro
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.35 no.2 s.137
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    • pp.116-121
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    • 2004
  • Seven compounds, euscaphic acid (1), nepehinol (2), ursolic acid (3), phytol (4), ${\beta}-amyrin$ (5), scopoletin (6), and rutin (7) were isolated from the aerial parts of Synurus excelsus which has been used as Korean traditional medicine to treat rheumatic arthritis and dysmenorrhea. Their structures were established by chemical and spectroscopic methods. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant.