• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.24 no.4 s.47
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• pp.885-895
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• 1994

This study was performed to compare the dental arch dimensions of urban and rural high school females according to the region of residence and facial type. A model and cephalometric analysis was made from 48 urban and 48 rural high school females. The results of this study were obtained as follows : 1. Arch width in the urban group were similar to the rural group. 2. Lingual arch length at upper 1st premolar level in the urban group was larger than the rural group and lingual arch length at lower canine level in rural group was larger than the urban group. 3. Palatal height at canine level in the rural group was higher than the urban group. 4. Palatal heights at 2nd premolar and 1st molar level had correlation with the VERT index. In comparison of lingual arch dimensions according to Rickett's facial group, palatal heights at 2nd premolar and 1st molar level in dolichofacial group were lower than other groups.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 2009

This study has intended to evaluate the subjective landscape of rural region using additive integration index calculation model in Seondong region, Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. This study consists of the following three steps. First, this study defmed the rural landscape using survey and developed the estimating equation for rural landscape assessment index. Second, this study set up assessment units and assessment indicators, then estimated mean of representative landscape adjectives in accordance with them through residents-participatory evaluation. Third, this study calculated rural landscape assessment index using additive integration index calculation model, and evaluated subjective landscape of rural region in accordance with space types and landscape fields through mapping methodology. The results of this study can be described as follows: 1) satisfaction level for landscape in accordance with village (urban area and residential area) was very high; 2) satisfaction level was very high in both Ye-Jeon reservoir and Hakwon farm, representative landscape resources of the study area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.79-96
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting residential mobility between urban and rural. After classifying urban and rural region based on discriminatory attributes of the regions, we applied a multinomial logistic model, using the sample data of 2020 Korea Population and Housing Census. The major findings are as follows. The young highly educated in cities avoided rural. The young less educated in rural engaged in 2, 3th industries as well as agricultural industry, but remained in low-paying and unstable jobs. In addition, various classes moved to rural and rising house prices in cities pushed people to rural. Therefore, it is necessary to develop diversified regional industry models and provide opportunities for high quality and stable jobs in rural by linking industrial demand, education and jobs. Also, preserving the rural environment, settlement conditions and residential environment are needed for satisfying various needs of urban residents who migrate to rural areas. While regional policies so far have focused on maintaining the population size and promoting a population influx, rural development and population policies should be established in a way that responds to diverse population classes in an era of population decline.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.309-319
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional menu value of self-selected diet in Korean adults residing in different regions. Subjects were recruited and divided into three groups according to the districts where they lived, which included rural district(n=137), coastal district(n=100), and urban district(n=117). Subjects were interviewed using a general questionnaire and 24-hour recall method for dietary intake. The average age of the subjects were 57.5 years for rural district, 57.0 years for coastal district, and 47.9 years for urban district. The contents of energy, calcium, zinc, vitamin $B_2$, and vitamin E in self-selected diet were 76.1%, 60.1%, 73.1%, 68.6%, and 80.4% of RDAs, respectively. Index of nutritional quality(INQ) for calcium and vitamin $B_2$ was below in 1 in region groups. The contents of calcium and vitamin E in self-selected diet of rural and coastal districts were significantly lower than those of urban district. The numbers of food items in diet of rural, coastal, and urban district were 14.6, 15.3, 15.1 for breakfast, 16.5, 11.8, 17.0 for lunch, 14.9, 12.1, 15.1 for dinner, respectively. However, there was no significance in total food intake by regions. The food intakes from cereals, mushrooms, vegetables of rural district, that from fishes of coastal district, and those from sugars, milks, oils of urban district were the highest among three districts. The numbers of dish items in diet of rural, coastal, and urban district were 4.1, 4.4, 4.1 for breakfast, 4.5, 3.7, 4.4 for lunch, 4.0, 3.8, 4.2 for dinner, respectively. Especially, the number of food and dish items in lunch menu of coastal district was the lowest among region groups. According to these results, it could be suggested to add milk and its products in lunch menu of rural and coastal districts and to supplement fish and shellfish like anchovy in diet of rural and urban districts. And it is recommended to increase food and dish items in diets of three region groups.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 1988

The relative difference between Korean rural region and urban region has increased by the rapid urbanization and industrialization since 1960. Therefore it will be important to raise the income of the people living in rural region. So the Korean government established the collective side job area and rural industrial area for the increasing of the non-agricultural income. For this, the touristic resources development is also the another important means of the rural region development. So the purpose of this thesis exists in the presentation of the direction of the touristic resources development in rural region. For this purpose, three representative regions among the Korean rural regions were selected and the case study was accomplished. In this way the rough direction of the touristic resources development in rural region has presented The direction of the development and the conclusion were as follows : 1)Planners must establish the planning with the vision and demand of future than percent condition. 2)Because the urbanization is continued incessantly, the rural region is developed to be the space of resort. 3)The touristic resources development in rural region is contributed to the regional development through the raising interaction of the touristic resources. 4)The rural region is developed to be the space of the Korean rural tradition 5)The grassland os constructed in the mountenous land and the landscape of the Korean national land is changed to be the picturesque landscape. 6)The construction of the traditional artistic products is accomplished to increase the income of the people in rural region.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 1986

An Idea of Standard Rural Area(SRA), the rural areas which have higher ruralities of the rice cropping region and also higher urban characteristics, was conceptualized to develop the tentative basic indices necessary for rural settlement design in reclaimed land. The SRA's were determined by a technique of the principal component analysis with relevant data from 81 counties or cities located in the west side of Korea(Chon-Nam,Chon-Buk, Chung-Nam, Kyung-Ki Do).By the definition of the SRA, the principal component analysis is seperately carried out by two subworks, analyses of rurality and urban characteristics. From the analysis, rurality of the SRA is characterized by four components which appears to describe the scale of farm management, intensive farming, soundness of farming and farming basis on rice cropping, while urban characteristics of the SRA by three components to describe the accessibility, keeping ratio of infrastructures and level of medical services. Through grouping and synthesizing two characteristics of all counties by each component score, 24 counties were classified as urban-rural harmonized region which is the same result as that obtained from the extraction index being more than 50% of available area to total area except 1 county. Therefore, SRA is defined as the group of counties having more than 50% of available area to total area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.77-89
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• 2012

In 2003, "The National Land Use and Planning Act" (NLUP Act) was enacted unifying two old laws; "The Urban Planning Act" enacted in 1962 and "The National Land Use and Management Act" enacted in 1972. One of main reasons of unifying two acts was to extend urban planning-based development systems to rural areas for preventing uncontrolled urban sprawl in rural areas and enhancing or settlling plan-based land use system in rural areas. This paper is conducted with the following specific objectives: i) to critically review the contents of NLUP Act in terms of rational rural land use planning; ii) to evaluate plan-based land use practices in rural area by NLUP Act; iii) to appraise performance level for prevention against unplanned development activities in rural areas by NLUP Act. To accomplish these objectives, we surveyed actural state of rural land use and development system by the new act in two case study areas. Ansung city in Gyeongi province as an urban sprawl region and Hamyang county in Gyeongnam Province as a remote rural area. Study results ascertained that the new act can not effectively control rural land use and not prevent over-use of agricultural land in the positive and effective ways because of followering three points.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.495-507
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• 2021

Objectives: This study examined regional differences in the intake of dietary total fat and saturated fatty acid (SFA) and their food sources among Korean adults. We also investigated the associations of SFA intake with metabolic diseases by region. Methods: This study included 13,926 adults (≥ 19y) who participated in the 2016 ~ 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The regions were divided into urban and rural areas according to the administrative districts where the participants lived. Using dietary data obtained from a 24-h recall, intake of total fat and SFA and their food sources were assessed by region. Metabolic diseases included obesity, abdominal obesity, and elevated total cholesterol and their association with SFA intake by region were examined using multiple logistic regression. Results: Of the participants, 19.6% lived in rural areas. In urban areas, the total fat and SFA intakes were higher than in rural areas: 21.2% of energy (%E) came from total fat and 6.9%E from SFA in urban areas, whereas 18.0%E came from total fat and 5.8%E from SFA in rural areas. The percentage of participants who exceeded the dietary reference intakes for total fat and SFA in urban areas was 16.5% and 41.9%, respectively, but 43.4% of participants in rural areas showed lower intake levels for total fat compared to the reference level. Young adults did not show regional differences in fat intake, and the percentage of subjects who exceeded the reference for SFA was high both in urban (58.5%) and rural (55.7%) areas. Among middle-aged and older adults, intake of fatty acids except for n-3 fatty acid was significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas. About 69% of older adults in rural areas showed a lower intake of total fat compared to the reference level. The food sources for total fat and SFA were meat, soybean oil, eggs, and milk in both areas. The intake of fat from eggs, milk, mayonnaise, and bread was higher in urban areas, but the intake of fat from white rice and coffee mix was higher in rural areas. The SFA intake was positively associated with elevated serum total cholesterol in urban areas (4th quartile vs. 1st quartile, OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.06-1.40, P for trend: 0.043), but not in rural areas. Conclusions: Regional differences in total fat and SFA intakes and their food sources were observed among Korean adults. Our findings may help plan nutritional strategies to ameliorate regional health disparities.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes of rural housing conditions by comparing the general housing indicators of rural area and those of urban. For those purposes, the indicators that present the housing conditions are set up, and the changes of average housing conditions are analyzed by a region : Shis(cities), Ups, Myons. For the analysis, Population and Housing Census Report and related data were used. Rural housing conditions have become better since the 1960s in the aspect of quality. They are, however, relatively much worse than those of urban areas. The gap of housing conditions between urban and rural housing is big, especially in qualitative indicators, which are housing facilities. Quantitative indicators, which are housing supply rate and ownership rate, are better than urban conditions.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 1998

This study has been performed to analyze housing status in later life. In this study, 234 Koreans aged 60 or more were interviewed for their current housing status. The results are drawn as follows: 1. The household size does not highly fluctuate in later life; it ranges from three to five overall. But there is a trend difference over region; The household size continuously increases until 70's in urban area, but it shows increase & decrease changes over five-year intervals. 2. The number of bedrooms slightly ranges from 3- to 3.8 over urban and rural areas without noticeable trend for age intervals. 3. Use of indoor area has regional difference; It ranges from 28 to 40 pyoung in urban area, but it does more widely form 27.7 to 50 in rural area. 4. There is a most significant region effect on structure type for the elderly; For the urban elderly, proportion of those living in single detached dwelling consistently decreases as age increases. For the rural elderly on the other hand, the rate of those living in single detached dwelling sharply increases in their 70's and the rate reaches 85.7%. 5. For the ownership trend, more than 70% of the elderly are home owners at the age 60-64, but the rate continuously decreases in later life stage while the rate of those living in their children-owned home increases.