• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2019

인구의 고령화와 고용시장의 둔화로 인하여 건설업의 인력구조는 장년근로자가 큰 비중을 차지한다. 또한 옥외작업이 많은 건설업의 특성상 기상은 근로자들에게 재해를 유발하는 요인으로 장년층에게는 일반인에 비하여 보다 민감하게 영향을 미친다. 이 연구는 기상요소가 건설업 장년근로자들에게 미치는 위험정도를 근로손실일수를 통하여 분석하는 데에 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2012년부터 2016년까지의 7개 도시에서 발생한 28,514명의 장년근로자 재해자수를 12,789일의 기상일수로 나누어 기상요소별 근로손실일수를 산출하였다. 그 결과 기상요소별로는 기온 $-12^{\circ}C{\sim}-10^{\circ}C$, 습도 55% ~ 65%, 강수 128mm ~ 181mm, 풍속 6.0m/s ~ 6.3m/s에서 근로손실일수가 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 기상요소들 간의 결합효과로는 기온 $-8^{\circ}C{\sim}-6^{\circ}C$일 때 습도 39% ~ 41%, 기온 $24^{\circ}C{\sim}26^{\circ}C$일 때 강수 128mm ~ 181mm, 기온 $13^{\circ}C{\sim}15^{\circ}C$ 일 때 풍속 6m/s ~ 6.3m/s, 습도 43% ~ 47%일 때 강수 2.8mm~4mm, 습도 19% ~ 22%일 때 풍속 3.6m/s ~ 3.9m/s, 강수 22.6mm ~ 32mm일 때 풍속 6.0m/s ~ 6.3m/s에서 근로손실일수가 매우 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 이 연구는 기상요소가 장년근로자의 근로손실일수에 미치는 영향을 고려하여 작업장에서 장년근로자들의 효율적인 안전관리와 쾌적한 작업환경을 위한 기초자료로써의 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1249-1249
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• 2022

The facade, an exterior material of a building, is one of the crucial factors that determine its morphological identity and its functional levels, such as energy performance, earthquake and fire resistance. However, regardless of the type of exterior materials, huge property and human casualties are continuing due to frequent exterior materials dropout accidents. The quality of the building envelope depends on the detailed design and is closely related to the back frames that support the exterior material. Detailed design means the creation of a shop drawing, which is the stage of developing the basic design to a level where construction is possible by specifying the exact necessary details. However, due to chronic problems in the construction industry, such as reducing working hours and the lack of design personnel, detailed design is not being appropriately implemented. Considering these characteristics, it is necessary to develop the detailed design process of exterior materials and works based on the domain-expert knowledge of the construction industry using artificial intelligence (AI). Therefore, this study aims to establish a detailed design automation algorithm for AI-based condition-responsive exterior wall panels and their back frames. The scope of the study is limited to "detailed design" performed based on the working drawings during the exterior work process and "stone panels" among exterior materials. First, working-level data on stone works is collected to analyze the existing detailed design process. After that, design parameters are derived by analyzing factors that affect the design of the building's exterior wall and back frames, such as structure, floor height, wind load, lift limit, and transportation elements. The relational expression between the derived parameters is derived, and it is algorithmized to implement a rule-based AI design. These algorithms can be applied to detailed designs based on 3D BIM to automatically calculate quantity and unit price. The next goal is to derive the iterative elements that occur in the process and implement a robotic process automation (RPA)-based system to link the entire "Detailed design-Quality calculation-Order process." This study is significant because it expands the design automation research, which has been rather limited to basic and implemented design, to the detailed design area at the beginning of the construction execution and increases the productivity by using AI. In addition, it can help fundamentally improve the working environment of the construction industry through the development of direct and applicable technologies to practice.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.325-338
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• 2023

구상나무는 한반도 아고산대 생태계에 미치는 기후변화 영향 평가에 중요한 환경지표종이다. 하지만 아고산대의 특성상 해발고도 약 1,000 m 이상에 주로 분포한 구상나무를 주기적으로 현장 조사하는 것은 많은 인력을 요구한다. 따라서 본 연구는 주기적인 관측이 가능한 원격탐사 자료를 활용하여 한라산과 지리산을 대상으로 2003년부터 2020년까지의 9월 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)의 normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)와 지표면 온도 그리고 Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM)Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM의 강수량 자료를 이용해 구상나무의 식생 변동 및 환경변수와의 연관성을 분석하였다. 2003년과 비교하여 2020년에 구상나무 서식지역의 식생지수 감소를 확인하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 구상나무 생육 우수 지역과 구상나무 고사율이 높은 지역을 선별하였다. 이러한 지역들에 대한 장기간 식생지수 시계열 분석 결과, 한라산과 지리산 모두 고사지역에서 식생지수가 감소하는 경향을 보였다(한라산: -0.46, 지리산: -0.43). 또한 Hodrick-Prescott 필터를 통해 추출된 식생지수와 지표면온도 그리고 강수량의 추세변화를 통해 구상나무의 장기간 변동을 분석한 결과, 한라산의 경우 지표면온도가 증가하고 강수량이 감소하는 시기에 구상나무 생육 우수 지역과 구상나무 고사율이 높은 지역의 식생지수 차이가 증가하였다. 이는 온도 상승과 강수량 감소가 한라산 구상나무 생육쇠퇴에 영향을 미치는 것으로 해석된다. 반면 지리산은 장기적으로 구상나무 고사지역의 장기적인 식생지수 감소 추세를 보여주었으나, 식생지수 변화 패턴이 지표면온도와 강수량과는 유의미한 상관성을 발견하지 못하였다. 추후 지표면 온도와 강수량 외에 선행연구에서 구상나무 생육쇠퇴와 연관이 있다고 알려진 환경인자(토양수분, 일사량, 강풍 등)에 대한 추가 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구를 통해 위성 자료로 구상나무 생태계의 장기간 모니터링 및 환경 변수들의 상관성 분석에 대한 가능성을 제시하였다. 본 연구를 토대로 위성 기반 모니터링이 구상나무의 생태학적 연구에 어떻게 활용될 수 있는지에 대한 이해를 높이는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2008

기상조건은 도로 및 운전조건을 열악하게 함으로써 교통사고와 정체의 원인이 되며, 운전자의 통행선택에 영향을 미쳐 기종점통행특성도 변화시킨다. 기종점 통행량은 교통계획에 있어 필수적으로 요구되는 자료이지만, 기상조건과 통행량과의 관련성을 검토한 연구는 거의 전무한 실정이다. 본 연구는 기상조건이 기종점간 통행특성에 미치는 영향 을 분석한 연구로, 2006년 1년간 전국적 강우일의 고속도로 통행특성을 분석하고 강우일과 비강우일의 차종별 통행량, 총통행거리, 평균통행거리를 비교분석하였으며, 강우수준별 통행량 모형을 제시하였다. 분석결과 강우일의 통행량 및 통행거리는 비강우일 때보다 감소한다는 것을 확인하였으며. 강우시 주말/평일별 차종별로 통행특성의 차이는 있으나, 강우수준에 따른 통행량의 차이는 크지 않다는 것을 제시하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2009

In order to examine the effects of micrometeorological and climatological influences on urban scale particulate air pollutants observed in Busan, power spectrum analysis was applied to the observed particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ${\le}10{\mu}m$ ($PM_{10}$) for the period from 1991 to 2006. Power spectrum analysis has been employed to the daily mean $PM_{10}$ concentrations obtained at 13 sites to identify different scales of periodicities of $PM_{10}$ concentrations. The results show that, aside from the typical and well-known periodicities such as diurnal and annual variations caused by anthropogenic emission influences, another two significant peaks of power spectrum density were identified: 21 day and $3{\sim}4$ year of periodicities. Cospectrum analysis indicates that the intraseasonal 21 day periodicity are found to be negatively correlated with wind speed and surface pressure but shows consistently positive with relative humidity and temperature. This result implied that 21 day periodicity is presumably relevant to the secondary aerosol formation processes through the photochemical reaction that can be subsequently resulted from hygroscopic characteristics of aerosol formation. However, the interannual $3{\sim}4$ year of periodicity is found to have positive correlation with pressure, and negative with temperature and relative humidity, which is rather consistent with both characteristics of air mass during the Asian dust event and the occurrence frequency of Asian dust whose periodicities have been recorded inter-annually over the Korean peninsula.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2014

선체 내구성은 기존 선급 규격에 의하여 구조 치수를 결정한 후 이러한 치수의 선체구조에 대하여 스펙트랄과 결정론적 및 간이 방법에 의하여 평가되고 있다. 이러한 방법은 선체재료를 선급 규격에서 제안하고 있는 재료로 구성하는 경우에는 적용할 수 있으나 선체 재료를 신소재로 구성하는 경우에는 적용할 수 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 폴리에틸렌 보트 선체에 대한 피로 손상을 평가하기 위하여 선체에 부하되는 단기간 선체 가속도를 직접 측정하고 이러한 데이터를 기초로 구조설계와 피로수명평가방법이 확립되지 못한 소형 선박의 선체 내구성을 선형누적손상 법칙으로 평가하는 방법을 제안하였다. 개발된 폴리에틸렌 보트의 경우 최대 가속도 상태에서 보트에 부하되는 최대 Von-Mises 응력은 1.8MPa로서 $1{\times}10^9$ 사이클 피로강도 5.9MPa 아래에 있고 유한피로수명개념을 적용한 폴리에틸렌 보트의 내구수명은 415년으로 평가되어져 거의 무한수명을 가지고 있다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.297-310
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• 2007

Recent evidence has demonstrated that the pollutant recirculation can play an important role in leading to high ozone $(O_3)$ concentrations. In this study, the MM5-CAMx air quality modeling system was applied to simulate the pollutant recirculation and identify the transport of pollution during the high $O_3$ event (the maximum $O_3$ of 195 ppb) observed in the Greater Seoul Area (GSA) on $1{\sim}4$ June in 2004. The results showed a weak northeasterly synoptic wind during the night and early morning moved the air parcels containing the locally emitted urban pollution to the coast, which contributed to enhance $O_3$ formation in the southwest part of the GSA. As the sea breeze developed and started to penetrate inland in the late afternoon, the rapid build-up of $O_3$ concentration was found in the southwest coastal area due to the recirculation of the polluted air loaded with high level $O_3$. The simulated backward trajectories and observations at coastal sites confirmed the recirculation of pollutant with the late sea breeze is the dominant factor affecting the occurrence of high $O_3$ concentrations in the southwestern GSA.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-25
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• 2015

Field measurements of various structures have been conducted for many purposes. Measurement data obtained by field measurement is very useful to determine vibration characteristics including dynamic characteristics such as the damping ratio, natural frequency, and mode shape of a structure. In addition, results of field measurements and modal identification can be used for modal updating of FEM analysis, for checking the efficiency of damping devices and so on. This paper shows some examples of field measurements and modal identification for structural health monitoring. As the first example, changes of dynamic characteristics of a 15-story office building in four construction stages from the foundation stage to completion are described. The dynamic characteristics of each construction stage were modeled as accurately as possible by FEM, and the stiffness of the main structural frame was evaluated and the FEM results were compared with measurements performed on non-load-bearing elements. Simple FEM modal updating was also applied. As the next example, full-scale measurements were also carried out on a high-rise chimney, and the efficiency of the tuned mass damper was investigated by using two kinds of modal identification techniques. Good correspondence was shown with vibration characteristics obtained by the 2DOF-RD technique and the Frequency Domain Decomposition method. As the last example, the wind-induced response using RTK-GPS and the feasibility of hybrid use of FEM analysis and RTK-GPS for confirming the integrity of structures during strong typhoons were shown. The member stresses obtained by hybrid use of FEM analysis and RTK-GPS were close to the member stresses measured by strain gauges.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.432-449
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• 2009

In this study, the effects of high-resolution land cover on the simulation of near-surface meteorological fields were evaluated in two different coastal regions using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. These analyses were performed using the middle classification land cover data upgraded by the Korean Ministry of Environment (KME). For the purpose of this study, two coastal areas were selected as follows: (1) the southwestern coastal (SWC) region characterized by complex shoreline and (2) the eastern coastal (EC) region described a high mountain and a simple coastline. The result showed that the application of high-resolution land cover were found to be notably distinguished between the SWC and EC regions. The land cover improvement has contributed to generate the realistic complex coastline and the distribution of small islands in the SWC region and the expansion of urban and built-up land along the sea front in the EC region, respectively. The model study indicated that the improvement of land cover caused a temperature change on wide areas of inland and nearby sea for the SWC region, and narrow areas along the coastal line for the EC region. These temperature variations in the two regions resulted in a decrease and an increase in land-breeze and sea-breeze intensity, respectively (especially the SWC region). Interestingly, the improvement of land cover can contribute large enough to change wind distributions over the sea in coastal areas.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2010

This study aims to seek a direction of development in apartment interior planning method, considering residential condition and historical planning schemes in South Korea and China. In this study, South Korea and China's traditional housing and modern apartment unit was studied to identify environmental attributes of residence. For Korea, Banga, where upper class residents lived, and modern urban Hanok were chosen to be analyzed. For China, two types of housing wear studied: Sahapwon, original form of China housing, and Yinong house which is a typical Sanghai house. First, the elements of living environment in two major cities; Seoul and Sanghai was defined to analyze factors of traditional houses in both cities. Depending on those factors, relationship among traditional and modern housing types were compared and analyzed, focusing on unit plan case studies for a better understanding of living environment in South Korea and China. From this study, similarities and differences between apartment plans in Seoul and Shanghai was examined according to their residential style, surrounding natural environment and lifestyle factors. In Seoul's apartment, spacial composition and movement lines were mainly formed around the public space in Seoul, while public space of living and dining room was located at housing entrance area in the Shanghai's residential system, configuring narrow form of housing unit. In respect of the natural environment, the unit plan of rectangular form in Seoul was more efficient in day lighting and wind circulation than the unit plan of narrow form in Shanghai. It was also found that cultural differences of stand-up and seat life style influenced on the composition of unit plans in Seoul and Shanghai.n Apartment cases in Seoul and Shanghai.