• 한국지구과학회지
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.253-264
• /
• 2022

본 연구에서는 2019년에서 2021년까지, 매년 2월에서 5월 동안 대전광역시 6개 지점(기준지역 1곳 포함)의 기온 데이터를 바탕으로 COVID-19로 인한 인간 활동의 감소가 대전 지역의 도시열섬강도에 미친 영향에 대하여 분석하였다. 관측 지점에 따라 차이는 있으나 도시열섬강도는 COVID-19 전인 2019년에 비해 2020년과 2021년에 약 20% 이상 감소되었다. 인간 활동 감소는 야간의 도시열섬을 증가시키고 주간의 도시열섬을 감소시켰다. 그 결과 도시열섬강도의 일변동 폭은 지점에 관계없이 2019년에 비해 2020년 및 2021년 모두 약 20% 이상 증가하였다. 도시열섬강도 감소는 풍속과 같은 자연적 요인 및 사회적 거리두기 단계와는 큰 관련성이 없는 것으로 보인다. 반면에 COVID-19 이후 시행된 사회적 거리두기 및 확연히 감소된 대기오염물질과 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 NO₂와 가장 유의미한 상관관계를 보였다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 MODIS 위성영상을 활용하여 우리나라 전역의 열섬강도를 분석하기 위하여 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 도시지역을 토지피복별 분류에 따라 시가화지역, 비시가화지역으로 공간적 구분하였다. MODIS 위성영상을 활용하여 산출된 2009년 여름철 전국의 표면온도 분석 결과 전국 최고온도는 $36.0^{\circ}C$, 최저온도 $16.2^{\circ}C$, 평균 $24.3^{\circ}C$, 표준편차 $2.4^{\circ}C$로 분석되었다. 시군별 열섬현상을 분석하기 위하여 시가화지역과 비시가화지역의 평균온도의 차이를 열섬강도로 정의하였고 RST1, RST2 2가지 방법으로 산출하였다. 그 결과 RST1의 경우 열섬강도가 높은 지역이 산포되어 분포하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, RST2의 경우 대도시지역을 주변으로 열섬강도가 높은 지역이 집중되어 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 시군별 열섬현상 분석에 효율적 방법을 보기 위하여 시가화율, 열대야일수, 폭염일수와의 상관분석을 하였다. 그 결과 RST1 방식에 의한 열섬강도는 상관성이 거의 없는 것으로 나타났으며, RST2의 경우 유의한 상관성을 나타났다. 전국 시군별 도시 지역을 대상으로 열섬현상에 대해 분석하기 위한 방법으로는 RST2 방식이 더 적합할 것으로 판단되며, 시군별 시가화율이 약 20% 이하일 경우 시가화율 증가에 따른 도시지역의 열섬강도의 증가율이 매우 높았으며, 약 20% 이상부터 열섬강도의 증가율이 점차 낮아지는 것을 확인할 수 있다. RST2 열섬강도가 $1^{\circ}C$ 증가할 경우 열대야일수와 폭염일수는 약 5일과 0.5일 증가하는 것으로 예측하였다. 이러한 분석결과는 추후 도시화율 증가에 따른 열섬강도 변화를 예측 할 수 있는 자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 2009

The present study observed temperature in order to identify factors affecting temperature by zoning and to measure the intensity of their impact on temperature. The empirical results of analyzing observed data are as follows. In order to make up for multicollinearity, a problem in multiple regression analysis, and to give more specific explanations, this study conducted factor analysis and obtained desirable data with adequacy and statistical significance. In the correlation matrix, factors decreasing temperature were planted areas, water surfaces and grasslands, and those increasing temperature were bare grounds, paved areas, and building area. According to land cover patterns, commercial areas had the highest temperature lowering effect. Through the rotated component matrix, we found that factors are grouped into those decreasing temperature, those increasing temperature, and those with low significance in increasing or decreasing temperature. In order to solve the problem of multicollinearity in multiple regression analysis, we performed factor analysis between the land use patterns and temperature and confirmed the usability of factor analysis as a new analysis method in urban heat island.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
• /
• pp.277-279
• /
• 2003

The study utilizes remote sensing as the main monitoring means. With different spatial high-resolution, multichannel ASTER remote sensing image as the main information in Beijing city zone; with regional border and statistical data as auxiliary factor a study between the thermal space distribution character and the underground medium is analyzed based on the GIS logical algorithm and synthetic analysis technology. Results show thermal forming mechanism and the rule of distribution is mainly related to the underground medium and the change of the city distribution. Different underground medium has different degree and intensity influence on the thermal space distribution. Furthermore, urban greenbelt and water areas can reduce the thermal effect and large-scale greenbelt creates green island effect. In addition, Road net, residential area, population density, heat resources and so on have some positive effect on the thermal distribution, which increase the local temperature and intensity on the other hand. It is important to study the thermal distribution and its related factors, which contributes to the plan, construction and development of the city.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.363-372
• /
• 2000

In order to overtake a quantitative analysis of effect of anthropogenic heat and different land-use on urban thermal environment numerical simulation of surface energy budget was carried out under typical summer synoptic condition. It is beneficial to understand surface temperature of complex urban surace. The different land-use types are classified of rice field farm fruit garden residential region forest water and swamp by using map scaled 1/25000 of Pusan metropolitan. The model predicts that maximum heat island intensity in the central part of Pusan is 7$^{\circ}C$ at 2000 LST in summertime. The surface temperature is propotional to the density of constructions. The effect of anthropogenic heat generation on surface temperature is the increase of 0.3$^{\circ}C$ at 1400LST in the central part of Pusan during summertime.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제37권5_3호
• /
• pp.1447-1460
• /
• 2021

도시화에 따른 인공피복의 증가는 도시지역의 온도가 주변 교외지역보다 높아지는 UHI (Urban Heat Island; UHI) 현상을 야기한다. 국지기후대(Local Climate Zone; LCZ)는 빌딩의 기하학적 구조와 피복특성에 따라 도시를 분류하는 체계로, UHI 분석을 위해 제안되어 현재 다양한 도시기후 연구에 활용되고 있다. 본 연구는 합성곱신경망(Convolutional Neural Network)과 Landsat 8 위성영상을 이용하여 수원시와 대구광역시의 LCZ 분류모델을 구축하였고, LCZ 지도와 Landsat 8 지표면온도(Land Surface Temperature; LST)를 이용하여 도시 구조적 특성에 따른 LST와 Surface UHI (SUHI) 강도를 분석하였다. LCZ 분류모델은 수원시와 대구광역시에 대해 각각 87.9%와 81.7%의 높은 분류 정확도를 보였다. 대구가 수원보다 전반적으로 모든 LCZ 클래스에서 LST가 높게 나타났으며 건물이 밀집할수록, 건물의 높이가 낮을수록 LST가 증가하는 공통점을 보였다. SUHI 강도는 두 도시 모두 여름철에 가장 강한 값을 가지고 봄과 가을에도 일부 LCZ 클래스를 제외하고 양의 SUHI 강도가 나타났지만 겨울에는 다수의 LCZ 클래스에서 음의 값이 나타났다. 이는 UHI가 여름철에 가장 강하게 나타나며, 겨울에는 일부 도시지역이 교외지역보다 더 차가운 현상이 나타나기도 함을 의미한다. 본 연구는 우리나라 UHI 분석에 있어 LCZ 분류체계의 활용가능성을 확인하였고, 향후 도시기후 분석 및 기후변화 대응 전략수립에 있어 도시의 구조적 특성을 고려하는데 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제16권9호
• /
• pp.1063-1069
• /
• 2007

The present study investigated the causes and intensity of the urban heat island phenomenon by the seasons according to the pattern of land use in Chungju City. Highest temperature and lowest moisture areas of the urban were very similar to the distribution of commercial districts, on the other hand, lowest temperature and highest moisture areas were distributed in manufacturing districts, green zones and the Hoam Lake. If appear at intensity of the distance from the outer circumference of commercial districts, wind direction and the rise of temperature, we could observe the remarkable expansion of high temperature from commercial districts toward residential districts around of downwind in all seasons. In case the effect of the wind was not significant as well, high temperature in commercial districts appeared tendency that a little spread to 1, 2 residential districts around. But checked up the intimate relations between the amount of moving heat and wind, when out of consideration that size of area was not much compared than residential areas of downwind affected by the wind. These phenomenon was relatively obvious in summer, the other side, in spring and autumn appeared a similar tendency.

• Advances in environmental research
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.19-39
• /
• 2020

Urban heat island (UHI) is one of the most important climatic implications of urbanization and thus a matter of key concern for environmentalists of the world in the twenty-first century. The relationship between climate and urbanization has been better understood with the introduction of thermal remote sensing. So, this study is an attempt to understand the influence of urbanization on local temperature for a small developing city. The study focuses on the investigation of intensity of atmospheric and surface urban heat island for a small urbanizing district of Punjab, India. Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite data and field observations were used to examine the spatial pattern of surface and atmospheric UHI effect respectively, for the month of April, 2018. The satellite data has been used to cover the larger geographical area while field observations were taken for simultaneous and daily temperature measurements for different land use types. The significant influence of land use/land cover (LULC) patterns on UHI effect was analyzed using normalized built-up and vegetation indices (NDBI, NDVI) that were derived from remote sensing satellite data. The statistical analysis carried out for land surface temperature (LST) and LULC indicators displayed negative correlation for LST and NDVI while NDBI and LST exhibited positive correlation depicting attenuation in UHI effect by abundant vegetation. The comparison of remote sensing and in-situ observations were also carried out in the study. The research concluded in finding both nocturnal and daytime UHI effect based on diurnal air temperature observations. The study recommends the urgent need to explore and impose effective UHI mitigation measures for the sustainable urban growth.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
• /
• pp.556-559
• /
• 2007

The Urban Environmental Quality (UEQ) indicates a complex and various parameters resulting from both human and natural factors in an urban area. Vegetation, climate, air quality, and the urban infrastructure may interact to produce effects in an urban area. There are relationships among air pollution, vegetation, and degrading environmental the urban heat island (UHI) effect. This study investigates the application of multi-spectral remote sensing data from the Landsat ETM and TM sensors for the mapping of air quality and UHI intensity in Seoul from 2000 to 2006 in fine resolution (30m) using the emissivity-fusion method. The Haze Optimized Transform (HOT) correction approach has been adopted for atmospheric correction on all bands except thermal band. The general UHI values (${\Delta}(T_{urban}-T_{rural})$) are 8.45 (2000), 9.14 (2001), 8.61 (2002), and $8.41^{\circ}C$ (2006), respectively. Although the UHI values are similar during these years, the spatial coverage of "hot" surface temperature (>$24^{\circ}C$) significantly increased from 2000 to 2006 due to the rapid urban development. Furthermore, high correlations between vegetation index and land surface temperature were achieved with a correlation coefficients of 0.85 (2000), 0.81 (2001), 0.84(2002), and 0.89 (2006), respectively. Air quality is shown to be an important factor in the spatial variation of UEQ. Based on the quantifiable fine resolution satellite image parameters, UEQ can promote the understanding of the complex and dynamic factors controlling urban environment.

• 대기
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.257-271
• /
• 2011

The aim of this study is to examine weather modification by urbanization and human activities. The characteristics of the urban heat island (UHI) and precipitation in Seoul metropolitan area of Korea are investigated to demonstrate that cities can change or modify local and nearby weather and climate, and to confirm that cities can initiate convection, change the behavior of convective precipitation, and enhance downstream precipitation. The data used in this study are surface meteorological station data observed in Seoul and its nearby 5 cities for the period of 1960 to 2009, and 162 Automatic Weather System stations data observed in the Seoul metropolitan area from 1998 to 2009. Air temperature and precipitation amount tend to increase with time, and relative humidity decreases because of urbanization. Similar to previous studies for other cities, the average maximum UHI is weakest in summer and is strong in autumn and winter, and the maximum UHI intensity is more frequently observed in the nighttime than in the daytime, decreases with increasing wind speed, and is enhanced for clear skies. Relatively warm regions extend in the east-west direction and relatively cold regions are located near the northern and southern mountains inside Seoul. The satellite cities in the outskirts of Seoul have been rapidly built up in recent years, thus exhibiting increases in near-surface air temperature. The yearly precipitation amount during the last 50 years is increased with time but rainy days are decreased. The heavy rainfall events of more than $20mm\;hr^{-1}$ increases with time. The substantial changes observed in precipitation in Seoul seem to be linked with the accelerated increase in the urban sprawl in recent decades which in turn has induced an intensification of the UHI effect and enhanced downstream precipitation. We also found that the frequency of intense rain showers has increased in Seoul metropolitan area.