• Korea Science and Art Forum
• /
• v.36
• /
• pp.11-22
• /
• 2018

This study recent changes in urban thermal environment caused by climate change generate diverse problems such as urban heat island effects, heat wave, and drought. Under this condition, with the increased perception and expectation of the quality of life, the urban citizens' desire for outdoor activities is increasing. This study conducted the thermal environment analysis focusing on the urban ecological park used by many urban citizens, and also suggested the renovation measures for urban ecological park considering the thermal environment. As the research site, the ecologically-favorable Gildong Ecological Pak with diverse space composition was selected. The measuring items were measured and analyzed by dividing them into thermal environment index and thermal comfort index. In the results of analysis in each type of park space, the forest zone showed the most favorable result. Based on such results, total three kinds of renovation measures for urban ecological park considering the thermal environment were suggested. Through this, the urban ecology park renovation plans were presented in three ways. The results of this study are meaningful in that it can be used as a base material for creating an ecological park considering the thermal environment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.76-88
• /
• 2017

The urban park plays important roles in protecting the urban landscape and improving citizens' health, recreation, and the emotional life. Above and beyond these roles, the urban park is expected to rearrange urban spatial structures as a kind of urban system. The purpose of this paper is to identify empirically to change urban spatial structures by construction of the urban park. This study regards gentrification around the urban park as a process to change urban spatial structures. The gentrification means the regeneration and upgrading of deteriorated urban property by the middle class or commercial developers. The site of case analysis is the Seoul Forestry Park in Sungdong-gu, Seoul. The Seoul Forestry Park is regarded as a representative urban park of Seoul, and caused gentrification around park after the 2005 opening. This study operationally defines the gentrification index and the accessibility index from an urban park and offers an empirical analysis of relation among the urban park, the gentrification and urban spatial structure in a statistic district which is the minimum unit of Korean statistic data in 2000, 2005, and 2010, using Difference-in-Difference method and linear probability model. The results of this empirical study show that the Seoul Forestry Park changes urban spatial structures by gentrification. It reverses a trend of migration of gentrifiers before and after construction of the Seoul Forestry Park. It suggests urban park construction as an alternative method for urban regeneration by inducing the middle class into the inner city of Seoul.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
• /
• 2007.10b
• /
• pp.186-190
• /
• 2007

We examined three nature restoration projects in urban areas of Japan, China, and Korea. A prefectural park(29ha) has been under construction since 2005 on an abandoned industrial site in the southern part of Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture, central Japan. Shanghai Central Park(28ha) was redeveloped in 2002 on a site that was formerly the old downtown in central Shanghai. Seoul Forest Park was developed as a large urban park(116ba) in 2005 in Seoul. All three parks were developed as urban parks by local governments. Citizen involvement is common to all three examples. One of main purposes of the Hyogo prefectural park and the Seoul Forest Park was the reuse of unused or abandoned areas. One goal in Hyogo, Shanghai, and Seoul was to restore the urban ecosystem and preserve the environment. We discussed the meaning of nature restoration in urban areas.

• Journal of recreation and landscape
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2018

With industrialization, environmental problems have become severe worldwide as resources are exhausted for mass production purposes and pollutants are produced in excess of nature's capacity to absorb them. Since modernity, urban parks have emerged as an important element for addressing challenges facing urban environments, which include environmental degradation. In 1987, the Brundtland Commission's report presented a sustainable developmental perspective in solving environmental problems and provided ideas for sustainable design and sustainable urban park landscape design. The purpose of this study is to analyze sustainable design applied to Houtan Park in central Shanghai, China from the perspective of social culture preservation, ecological restoration, and economic effect, and to provide the basic data for urban park design in similar areas in the future. This study consists of a literature survey and a field investigation. The field investigation lead to analysis from three perspectives: social culture preservation, ecological restoration, and economic effect. The literature survey examined sustainable urban parks and Houtan Park based on relevant papers, newspaper articles, and reports. Through actual visits (Aug. 28 - Sep. 1, 2018), it also examined the elements of sustainable design that were applied to the architecture. The three sustainable design elements derived from this study, being a sustainable design for the future, will be used as an important basis for developing urban parks for the regeneration of brownfields in many areas in China.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.71-83
• /
• 2007

This study aims to provide basic data for planning the supply and demand of urban parks and setting up facilities in urban parks that reflect the use patterns of visitors. The study was conducted by surveying the total number of urban park users and the number of users for different time zones and analyzing their use patterns through on-site surveys at 17 urban parks located in seven cities/counties in Gyeonggi province. The result showed that as for distribution of urban park users by time zone, the number of users was highest in the afternoon. Between 7 and 9 o'clock in the morning in weekdays, many users came to urban parks for their morning exercises. There was hardly no difference between male and female. When the number of users of 17 urban parks was surveyed, a park was used by 734 people per day on weekdays in average. When the total number of users per year was estimated, a resident nearby a park visited the place 4.7 times a year in average. In addition, the analysis showed that the number of users of man-made parks was twice as high as that of natural parks. The number of users did not vary depending on the size of a park. As for use patterns by time zone, no difference was found in activity types between parks larger than 100,000 $m^2$ and those less than 100,000 $m^2$. Usually, in the morning, users came for exercises In the afternoon, users visited the parks for more diverse purposes. In the evening, they tended to visit parks to work out and wrap up a day. Going forward, the outcome of this study should be utilized as important data for analyzing the demand and supply of urban parks. In addition, the number of users by time zone and their use patterns should be fully considered when introducing facilities in parks.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2016

Accessibility of urban green space, as an important index of evaluating the service level of urban green space, not only shows the resident's access to green space, but also reflects the environment quality of urban living. Since the quantity, area and space distribution of the patches in urban green space directly affect the function of urban green space and the quality of urban environment, the research on the accessibility of urban green space holds great significance to improve the service of urban green space and the living environment quality. Based on GIS software, this research uses the road network and the population distribution data of Nanjing's city proper to conduct quantitative analysis of the accessibility of park green space and the convenience for residents to travel under different forms of transportation. After the case analysis, the author tests the application of road network in studying the accessibility of urban park green space and proposes a GIS-based method to study the accessibility and the rational layout of urban green space.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.153-167
• /
• 2021

Background and objective: With the revision of the Act on Urban Parks, Green Areas, Etc. in 2013, the "urban agricultural park" was newly established under the subcategory of "themed park," thereby establishing the institutional basis for the creation of urban agricultural parks. However, urban agricultural parks are still in the early stages of their introduction. There is a lack of research on direction setting and specific operation management that considers urban residents' needs and the city's physical infrastructure. Methods: We utilized the public service design process suggested by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety of the Republic of Korea in 2019 to identify problems and develop directions for urban agricultural parks. The process consisted of the following four steps: Understanding, Discovering people's needs, Defining real problems, and Developing ideas. Results: As four types of ideas for revitalizing urban agricultural parks, 'information users want to know,' 'user participation in design,' 'venue for local communities,' and 'urban agricultural parks as health and rest areas' were derived. This means that urban agricultural parks must provide the information users want; users must plan, decide, and implement such information by directly participating in the creation and efficient management and operation of urban agricultural parks; and urban agricultural parks must be used as a venue for local communities. Urban agricultural parks should also be spaces for health and relaxation. Conclusion: Urban agricultural parks should avoid the unified space and passive participation patterns of existing urban parks, and become real spaces for resident participation that can satisfy all the production, leisure, landscape, ecology, and psycho-social needs of the users of urban agricultural parks. Furthermore, it is necessary to introduce a more systematic and diverse operating system so that it can work to revitalize the local community and connect organically with the function of the city.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.27-36
• /
• 1985

^x In Korea, we are entering on a new phase that the use concept of urban park is extending to dynamic activities such as games and sports. This article is to investigate the significance of lawn areas, as a receptive space of such a wide range of recreation activities. As a study process, Green Styles (type of parks) such as Garden Type, Park Type and Forest Type were studied and historical review of lawn areas in park development was performed. In conclusion, the lawn areas ( greensward) are an essential part of park and open space organization. The significance as a conclusion is presented as follows : 1 ) Balance in type of parks The structures of our parks and open spaces are inclined toward the artificial Garden Type and natural Forest Type. Therefore, the intermediate Park Type and sparse wood areas should be a core part of our park and open space development. 2) Psychological effect Park Type areas, thorned by greensward(lawn area), can refresh urban dwellers with natural picturesque landscaps, and Park Type landscape is the most preferred natural landscape. It shows the essence of natural amenity as 3) Accomodation of wide range of recreation activities Lawn areas in urban park are the best place in accomodating the wide range of active and massive recreation activities. Thus, lawn areas can increase the freedom of recreation use in urban park. 4) Enlargement of physical carrying capacity. With expansion of lawn areas of euro- american concept, the structural open space can be transformed into service open space. Thus, the recreation carrying capacity of urban parks can be enlarged.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.203-214
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to introduce two integrated urban development projects in Japan that take full advantage of flood-control reservoirs: the Tetsugakudo Park Collective Housing Development Project and the Koshigaya Lake Town Project. The former project - implemented cooperatively by the Tokyo metropolitan government in charge of river management, Shinjuku and Nakano wards (in Tokyo) responsible for park management, and the Urban Renaissance Agency, a housing project developer - set a significant precedent for three-dimensional river use by realizing the three-dimensional integrated development of a flood control reservoir, a park, and collective housing. The Koshigaya Lake Town Project, launched as a drastic storm water management measure for a low-lying area often plagued by flooding, has achieved a sustainable coexistence between the waterfront environment and the urban living environment, with an artificial flood-control reservoir as the core for urban development. This project is fully committed to environmental coexistence through the optimal use of local environmental resources, with the cooperation of the central government, Saitama Prefecture and Koshigaya City.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.5 no.5
• /
• pp.30-44
• /
• 2002

This study is conducted to analyze the change of location and soil characteristics effect on the condition of urban forest in Urban Park and Green Open Space The results of this study are as fallows; 1. Soil acidity is indicated pH 3.88 in Sasang park, pH 4.38 in Hwaji park, pH 4.40 in Daeyeon park, pH 4.68 in Sanseong amusement park, pH 5.15 in Molundae amusement park. 2. Species diversity indices of indicated Sasang park 0.9932, Hwaji park 1.1975, Daeyeon park 1.2160, Sanseong amusement park 1.3080, Molundae amusement park 1.3233 is due to location and soil environment in addition to air pollution effects. 3. The vitality of Pinus thunbergii 27.5ER in Sasang park, 24.9ER in Hwaji park, 24.5ER in Daeyeon park, 23.6ER in Sanseong amusement park, 21.0ER in Molundae park. This shows that tree vitality are impacted by location and soil characteristics. On the basis of the result above, vegetation devices are suggested : 1) Robinica pseudo-acacia management, 2) removing the hazard plants; Smilax china, Humulus japonicus, Pueraria thungergiana, 3) improving soil hardness and soil acidity.