• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2013

Myositis ossificans is a condition characterized by ossification within a muscle. It is a rare and unusual pathologic entity that has defied medical efforts to establish a definite etiology, pathogenesis, and satisfactory treatment of the disease. The condition predominantly affects the flexor muscles of the upper limbs and thighs, but rarely the head and neck area. A 53-year-old male patient visited our medical institution complaining of trismus, defined as limited mouth opening. The patient had a history of trauma to the facial bones and the computed tomography scans revealed calcification in the left temporalis muscle. The patient underwent surgical removal of the calcified mass with bilateral coronoidectomy under general anesthesia. Mouth opening at the end of post-operative 2 months was 28 mm. His oral intake of food was satisfactory. Myositis ossificans of the temporalis muscle is a very rare case. Satisfactory outcome was obtained by combining surgical excision of the affected muscle, coronoidectomy, and detachment of the insertion site of the ossified muscle.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

The behavior of backdraft in the compartment with different ignition locations and times was numerically investigated. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) v5.5.3 with a model-free simulation option was used in the numerical simulation of backdraft. The ignition source was located near the inside wall, at the compartment center and near the window opening, respectively. The ignition was started at the instance when the fresh air reached the ignition location or when a sufficient time passed compare to the instance of the arriving of the fresh air to the ignition location. As a result, for the ignition source was located near the inside wall, a strong fire ball was observed at once and the result was similar to the previous experimental result. For the ignition source was located at the center of the compartment, a strong fire ball was occurred and two strong fire balls were observed consecutively for the ignition time was delayed. For the ignition source was located near the window opening and longer time was given for the ignition compare the duration of the fresh air arriving to the ignition location, the rapid temperature variation was not observed because there was no flame. However, for the ignition was started at the instance when the fresh air reached the ignition location, the ignition could be initiated and a intensive fire ball was observed. The pressure measured at the upper inside part of the window opening provided a similar trend with the previous experimental result of compartment backdraft.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2020

본 연구는 매년 수만 건 발생되는 화재에서 화재확산에 의한 피해 예방과 대응 마련을 위해 공동주택 및 일반건물의 내부화재를 실물화재실험을 통해 재현하였다. 또한, 개구부 크기와 차양길이 조건을 달리하고 이에 따른 외벽온도 분포를 분석하여 화재확산방지 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 실험결과, 차양을 설치하지 않았을 때 최고온도는 약 380℃ 이상으로 나타났다. 차양을 설치하지 않은 최고온도를 기준으로 차양길이가 150mm 일 때, 동일한 측정점에서 약 90℃가량 낮아졌으며, 300mm에서 약 150℃ 이상, 450mm에서 175℃ 이상 온도가 낮아졌으며, 차양길이 600mm 일 때, 최고온도 차는 약 180℃ 이상 낮아지는 것으로 나타나 개구부 상부의 차양 설치가 외벽의 수직화재 확산에 의한 화염온도를 낮추는데 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.137-149
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• 1994

This study was performed to investigate the relationship between Forward Head Posture(FHP) and Craniomandlbular Disorders(CMDs). Many studies reported that there was some relationship between them, however, there is still controversy. So It Is necessary to observe and compare many more patients with CMDs wirh normal controls. For the study 85 patients with CMDs and 37 dental students were selected as experimentals and controls, respectively. And the experimentals were classified Into two groups, that is, TMJ internal derangement group and muscle disorders group according to clinical diagnosis. For measuring the FHP, CROM(Cervical-Range-of-Notion)was used. This goniometer is composed of three part. First, gravity goniometer for flexion and extension. Second, magnetic compass and yoke for rotational movement. And last, forward head arm and vertebra locator for forward head posture. Next T-Scan, electronic occlusal analyzer, was used for recording of occlusal contact state. Other items such as maximum opening, lateral excursion, Helkimo's anamnestic index, and muscle palpation point from Friction's craniomandibular index were checked clinically by one examiner. The result of this study were as follows : 1. In male, control group showed much more measurement in resting forward head posture than did experimental group. But there were not significant differences between groups in female subject. From this results, the author contended that CROM is new measuring system and differ from other goniometers in some aspect, so that results should be re-evaluated 2. Mean value of maximum mouth opening in nearly all groups were greater than 40mm. and mouth opening had a significant correlation with occlusal force and with anamnestic index both sex. 3. Mean value of palpation point had not any correlationship with forward head posture in both sex, but there was significant difference between upper and lower group by rounded shouldes. 4. In summary, there was no significant relationship between forward head posture and sign and symptom of Craniomandibular Disorders.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.22-33
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• 1984

Husk separator is an indispensable equipment in rice milling plants. However, any basic research on the designing and operating criteria of the husk separator have rarely been conducted in Korea. According to the survey results reported recently, grain loss occurs in the process of rice husk separation at custom rice milling plants in Korea and the performance of husk separator has also not been identified. With this regard this study was conducted with a typical commercial husk separator to investigate the effect of the operational factors such as feed rate, blower speed and opening ratio on the velocity distribution in the air duct and the performance of the separator. The results are summerized as follows: 1. The average wind velocity in the primary air duct increased linearly with the blower rpm and the size of air inlet port in both cases of double type and single type operations. 2. The coefficient of variation in the horizontal wind velocities in the primary air duct was the minimum when the opening ratio was 0.22 ($0.052m^2$ of air inlet port) in both cases of single type and double type operations regardless of the blower speeds used in this test. The average wind velocity at the upper part of air duct was greater by 2-5 m/s than the velocity at the bottom part in double type operation. In case of single type operation, however, the average velocity in the middle part was greater than the upper or bottom part when the opening ratio was greater than 0.74. 3. The relationship between the overall effectiveness of separation(Ed for double type and Es for single type) and the average wind velocity (Va) in the primary air duct was expressed in the following quadratic functions. $$Ed=-190.84+106.18Va-10.052Va^2$$ ($r^2$ = 0.97782) $$Es=-223.76+106.23Va-9.1935Va^2$$ ($r^2$ = 0.97029) The average wind velocity required to obtain the overall effectiveness of separation more than 80% ranged from 4.04 m/sec to 5.84 m/sec in case of double type operation, and from 4.70 m/sec to 6.20 m/sec in case of single type. 4. An optimum wind velocity can be obtained with an increase in the blower speed or the size of air inlet port as presented in Figure 8. There was a tendency that the faster the blower speed, the narrower the control range of the air inlet port. 5. The feed rates (1850kg/hr and 2100kg/hr) adopted in this experiment did not bring about a significant difference in both the overall effectiveness of separation and the power consumption. 6. The energy consumption increased cubically with the blower speed but linearly with the size of the air inlet port. On the basis of the results described in items 1, 3, and 6, it would be more economic to adjust the size of the air inlet port larger with a relatively low blower speed than to adjust the size smaller with a relatively high speed.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2019

메탄 연료성분이 가득 찬 축소 구획실을 대상으로 개구부에서 유입된 공기와 내부 연료의 혼합특성과 백드래프트 발생특성을 규명하기 위해 대와동모사를 수행하였다. 통상의 문 형태(Door)와 가로 형태의 문이 벽면 상단($Slot_U$), 중단($Slot_M$) 및 하단($Slot_L$)에 있는 구획실의 4가지 개구부 조건들에 대해서 검토를 수행하였다. 점화원이 없을 경우 구획실 내부로 유입되는 산소의 양과 외부로 유출되는 연료의 양은 Door > $Slot_U$ ~ $Slot_M$ > $Slot_L$의 순서로 크지만 $Slot_U$의 경우가 구획실 내부에서 연료와 산소가 전체적으로 가장 잘 혼합되었고 $Slot_L$의 경우에는 연료와 산소가 층을 이루어 혼합이 가장 잘 이루어지지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 구획실 내 산소량과 연료량으로 정의되는 총괄당량비는 구획실에서 발생하는 백드래프트의 강도와 잘 연관되지 않음을 확인하였다. 백드래프트 발생 시의 구획실 내부의 최고 압력은 혼합이 가장 잘 이루어진 $Slot_U$가 가장 높게 나타났으며 $Slot_L$의 경우에는 압력상승이 낮아 백드래프트가 발생하지 않았다. 백드래프트 발생 시 Door와 $Slot_M$ 조건에서의 최고 압력값은 $Slot_U$ 다음 순서로 나타났으며, 각 조건들의 최고압력은 백드래프트 발생순간까지의 총 열발생량과 잘 연관되어 설명될 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.651-659
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• 2018

A multi-level overtopping wave energy converter was designed according to the large tidal range and small wave heights in China. It consists of two reservoirs with sloping walls at different levels. The reservoirs share a common outflow duct and a low-head axial turbine. The experimental study was carried out in a laboratory wave-flume to investigate the overtopping performance of the device. The depth-gauges were used to measure the variation of the water level in the reservoirs. The data was processed to derive the time-averaged overtopping discharges. It was found that the lower reservoir can store wave waters at the low water level and break the waves which try to climb up to the upper reservoir. The upper sloping angle and the opening width of the lower reservoir both have significant effects on the overtopping discharges, which can provide more information to the design and optimization of this type of device.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2008

This paper aims to understand the effects of a turbidity flow intrusion on eutrophication in Daecheong Dam Reservoir. CE-QUAL-W2, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model, is applied. The elevation of the reservoir water surface is used to validate the hydrodynamic model parameters and maximum fluctuations in the water surface elevations reaches about 1 m in the reservoir. During the heavy storm season, July, the thermocline submerged to less than 30 m below the surface. The thickness of the thermocline also reduced to 10 to 15 m. While the average TSS in June, the beginning of the monsoon was still low but it peaked in July due to heavy rainfall. Vertical profiles of the TSS regime in July indicated higher concentration in upper water layers and then the regime moves gradually downward in accordance with the time lapse. Due to the dam spillway opening, high concentrations of TSS attributed to storm turbidity ascended to the upper water layer by following the upward current movement and then, the regime precipitated to a layer below 30 to 40 m after September.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.293-298
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• 1985

Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital malformation of the heart in which a septum stretches in a transverse plane through the left atrium, thus creates two left atrial subchambers. The upper one connects with the pulmonary veins, and the lower connects with the left ventricles. Due to the rarity of, and difficulty in diagnosing car triatriatum, data on the surgery of the disease are of necessity and very limited. A case of cor triatriatum combined with atrial septal defect and persistent left superior vena cava was experienced in November, 1984 in Chonnam University Medical School. There was a transverse septum in the left atrium below atrial septal defect, all pulmonary veins were drained into the upper chamber of the left atrium which connected with the right atrium via atrial septal defect and the lower chamber via an oval opening[8mm] in the abnormal septum and the lower chamber was connected with the left atrial appendage, and the left ventricle via mitral valve. There was persistent left superior vena cava drained to left atrium and coronary sinus. The abnormal transverse septum within the left atrium was completely excised and the atrial septal defect was repaired with Woven Dacron patch. The post-operative course was not eventful and the patient was discharged to home with good result on the 15th postoperative day, and has been in good condition upto now.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2001

In regulation of IGC code 12.1 mechanical ventilation should be arranged to ensure sufficient air movement through the space to avoid the accumulation of flammable or toxic vapours and ensure a safe working environment, but in no case should the ventilation system have a capacity of less than 30 changes of air per hour baed upon the total volume of the space. In this study, a scaled mode chamber was constructed to investigate the ventilation characteristics and stagnation area in the hood room of LNG carrier and pump room in tanker. An experimental study was performed on the model by using visualization equipment with a laser apparatus and an image intensifier CCD camera. Twelve different kinds of measuring areas were selected as the experimental condition. Instant simultaneous velocity vectors in the whole fields were measured by a 2-D PIV system A three-dimensional numerical simulation was also carried out for three different Reynolds numbers. Then the CFD predictions were discussed with the experimental results. The results show the spiral L-shape flow that moves from the opening on the left wall diagonally to the upper right part dominates the ventilation structure. The stationary area of hood room in the velcoity distributions was located in the upper left stern part.