• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of normal timing according to angular motion in PNF patterns on electromyography (EMG) activity in rectus abdominis, internal oblique abdominal muscle, external oblique abdominal muscle, and erector spinae. Methods: Ten healthy adults volunteered to participate in this study. The participants were required to complete following two PNF extremity patterns; upper extremity extension- adduction-internal rotation pattern with $180^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ and lower extremity flexion- adduction-external rotation pattern with $0^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$. A paired t-test was used to determine the influence of the two PNF patterns on muscle activity in each muscle. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the ratio of local muscle activity to global muscle activity. Results: In terms of their effect on applied normal timing, the upper and lower extremity pattern significantly affected the rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and erector spinae (p < .05). The upper extremity pattern (at an extension angle of $30^{\circ}$) and the lower extremity pattern ((at a flexion angle of $90^{\circ}$) influenced the rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and erector spinae (p < .05). Conclusion: The effect of the upper and lower extremity patterns on applied normal timing was significant in that these patterns increased trunk muscle activation. The upper extremity pattern (at an extension angle of $30^{\circ}$) and the lower extremity pattern (at a flexion angle of $90^{\circ}$) increased trunk muscle activation. Normal timing is required to increase trunk muscle strength and extremity movement.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.103-116
• /
• 2021

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects on the upper extremity function, muscle strength, and hand function of a task-oriented training approach using a percussion instrument for patients with chronic stroke. METHODS: Twenty-four chronic stroke patients accompanied with upper extremity hemiplegia were selected for research and were classified randomly into 12 experimental groups and 12 control groups. The experimental group performed a task-oriented approach, and the control group performed upper extremity occupational therapy. Stroke upper extremity test, Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function test, upper extremity muscle strength test, and hand muscle strength test were measured before and after training in the evaluation process. RESULTS: In the upper extremity test and Jebsen-Taylor test, there were no significant differences between the groups. In the upper extremity muscle strength test, there were significant differences in shoulder flexion, internal rotation, and elbow flexion in the experimental group. In the hand muscle strength test, there were significant differences in the grip, tip Pinch, lateral Pinch, and 3-jaw chuck in the experimental group and significant differences in only grip, tip pinch, and lateral pinch in the control group. In addition, there were significant differences in the lateral pinch compared to the amount of change. CONCLUSION: Task-oriented approach using percussion instruments for upper extremity rehabilitation in stroke patients is effective in the upper extremity function and strength, hand function, and strength.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.239-244
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 초등학교 야구선수에 상지 근력과 배트 스윙 속도 간의 상관관계 분석을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상자 32명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 상지 근력은 양쪽 어깨 관절에 폄근 굽힘근 모음근 벌림근, 양쪽 팔꿉관절에 폄근 굽힘근의 근력과 배트 스윙 속도를 측정하였다. 상지 근력과 배트 스윙 속도의 상관관계를 알아보기 위해 pearson's cerrelation analysis를 사용하여 분석하였다. 우세 측 상지 근력과 배트 스윙 속도 간의 상관관계에서는 어깨 관절 모음근, 어깨 관절 벌림근, 팔꿉 관절 굽힘근, 그리고 어깨 관절 굽힘근 순으로 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 비 우세측 상지 근력과 배트 스윙 속도 간의 상관관계에서는 어깨 관절 모음근, 팔꿉 관절 굽힘근, 어깨 관절 벌림근, 어깨 관절 폄근, 팔꿉 관절 폄근 그리고 어깨 관절 굽힘근 순으로 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 이와 같은 결과로 볼 때 상지근력이 강할수록 배트 스윙 속도가 증가하는 양의 상관관계를 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of shoulder girdle stability exercise on upper extremity muscle strength. Methods : Subjects were consist of 20 people who had no disorder of upper extremity from 20 to 27 years of age during 6 weeks from April 3, 2006 to May 14. Ten of all subjects exercised muscles which stabilize to shoulder girdle for 30 minutes during 6 weeks. Biodex was used to measure upper extremity muscle strength. Results : There are increasing of shoulder flexion and extension on average torque but no statistically significant difference between pre-exercise and post-exercise. Conclusion : There are no severe difference between exercise group and non-exercise group on muscle strength.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) applied to the unilateral upper extremity on the muscle activation of contralateral lower extremity. Twenty-two healthy subjects (mean age of 23.7 years) participated in this study. Method : PNF patterns applied on the unilateral upper extremity in all subjects were the flexion/abduction/external rotation and lifting pattern. The hold and appoximation techniques for the irradiation were applied to end range of both patterns. Muscle activations in four patterns were measured in vastus medialis, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris, and gastrocnemius medial muscles of contralateral lower extremity using surface EMG system. Each EMG value in individual muscle was normalized for maximal voluntary contraction. The data were analyzed by one factor analysis of variance with repeated measure test. Result : There were significant differences in the between-subject effect (muscles) and within-subject effect (patterns) in comparison of muscle activation by application of PNF patterns (p<.05). The irradiation led to higher activation in the flexion/abduction/external rotation pattern than that of lifting pattern in all muscles (p<.05). The approximation techniques revealed more activations than these of hold technique in all muscles (p<.05). Conclusion : These results suggest that the application of PNF patterns to the unilateral upper extremity affect on the muscle activation of contralateral lower extremity and increase according to the intensity of resistance. This mechanism of contralateral effect might provide a help to the development of treatment method for the affected side and functional improvement for the patients who have damages of central nervous system or musculoskeletal problems by orthopedic injury.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 1995

Severe upper and lower extremity trauma may result in soft tissue loss with exposed bone and the subsequence of risk of chronic osteomyelitis or malunion of fracture fragments. Such injuries present a major reconstructive problem. But Since the introduction of microsugical technique, free muscle and myocutaneous flaps were employed to provide coverage of severely injured defects. Since Tai and Hasegawa(1974) first reported a breast reconstruction using by rectus abdominis myocuraneous flap, the free rectus myocutaneous flap has been widely employed for breast reconstuction, head and neck reconstruction, and extremity reconstruction in these days. The authors present their successful experience with free rectus abdominis muscle and rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps for upper and low extremity reconstruction. From Nov. 94, to May 95, Five cases of severely injured extremites due to trauma or contact burn were treated with free rectus abdominis muscle flap or free rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. All flaps except 1 case were survived without severe complications. As free muscle or myocutaneous flap, the free rectus abdominis flap has the advantages of a reliable pedicle, easy dissection, and an acceptable donor site, so it seems logical to apply the free rectus abdominis flap to apply in upper and lower extremity reconstruction.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2016

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the trunk muscle activity according to the direction of upper extremity lifting using elastic band. METHODS: Thirty three healthy individuals participated in this study. Each subject performed upper extremity lifting using elastic band on two different directions (straight and diagonal). And then we compared the muscle activity of respective trunk muscles of both directions. In order to examine the muscle activity of trunk muscle, we used the electromyogram to measure peak and mean torque in shoulder 90 degree flexion with sitting position. Electromyographic activities were recorded from the external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominis, and erector spine muscles during upper extremity lifting. RESULTS: As a result, first, there was significant difference between two directions. The muscle activity of ipsilateral external oblique and contralateral internal oblique is significantly increased in both straight and diagonal directions (p<0.05). Second, the muscle activities of external oblique and internal oblique of both side showed significant difference in diagonal direction (p<0.05). Third, the muscle activity of erector spine of both side showed significant difference in straight direction (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Through this study, it is important that implement diagonal direction exercise at sitting positions to help increasing muscle activity of ipsilateral external oblique and contralateral internal oblique on patients when activating the trunk muscle or stabilizing the trunk.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.205-212
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 거울되먹임치료를 이용하여 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 근육 활성도와 상지 기능적 평가에 미치는 효과에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 환자는 거울되먹임 치료군 8명과 동작관찰 훈련군 8명으로 나누어 총 8주간 주 5회, 30분간 시행하였고, 상지 기능을 평가하기 위해 뇌졸중 기능회복 평가와 도수 기능 검사를 이용하였다. 위등세모근, 중간어깨세모근, 위팔두갈래근, 노쪽손목굽힘근, 긴노쪽손목폄근의 근활성도를 평가하기 위해 표면 근전도 시스템을 이용하였고, 연구 결과 노쪽손목굽힘근을 제외한 위등세모근, 중간어깨세모근, 위팔두갈래근, 긴노쪽손목폄근의 근활성도와 뇌졸중 기능회복 검사, 도수 기능 검사 점수에서 대조군과 실험군 모두 전, 후 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이에 따라 거울되먹임 치료가 동작관찰 훈련보다 상지 근활성도와 상지 기능을 향상시키는데 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.195-200
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of the different condition of leg support surface on the upper extremity and core muscle activity during the push-up exercise. Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects that were practicable push-ups were recruited in this study. Subjects were instructed the push-up exercise in the different condition of the leg support surface. Each condition of support surface was set to the high and lower, and the unstable and stable condition. Muscle activation was measured by using the surface electromyography (EMG), and recorded from the triceps brachii, serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi, rectus abdominis, abdominal external oblique, and erector spinea muscle. Results: In the results of experiments, there was no significant difference of muscle activation in upper extremity between the high unstable and high stable support surface. By contrast, muscle activation of the rectus abdominis and abdominal external oblique was significantly higher in the low unstable support surface, compared with those of the low stable support surface. It is well known that the core muscle was important to stabilization of trunk stability. Conclusion: This result demonstrates that the low and unstable support surface for the lower extremity was suited for training of core muscle for trunk stabilization during the push-up exercise.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.117-125
• /
• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of trunk muscle strengthening exercises on balance performance of sitting posture and upper extremity function, targeting the children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. METHODS: 20 children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy were sampled at random and the tests were conducted for 6 weeks, 3 times per week. For experimental groups, basic physical therapy and trunk muscle strengthening exercises were conducted and for control groups, only basic physical therapy was conducted. BPM(Balance Performance Monitor) was used to measure balance performance and QUEST(quality of upper extremity skills test) was used to measure the upper extremity function. RESULTS: The comparison of changes in sitting balance performance in between experimental groups and control groups show significant difference (p<.05), the changes of the upper extremity function in experimental groups and control groups show significant difference (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Trunk muscle strengthening exercises are effective in improving balance performance and the upper extremity function for the children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.