• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제89권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2000

임분수준(林分水準) 생존예측모형(生存豫測模型)이 개발(開發)되었으며, 이 모형(模型)은 녹병(綠病)(Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme)의 발생율(發生率)을 모형(模型)에 포함하였으며 그리고 녹병(綠病)에 감염(感染)되지 않은 단계(段階)의 임목(林木)들이 감염(感染)되는 단계(段階)로의 전이(轉移)가 허용(許容)되는 특징(特徵)을 가지고 있다. 12년간(年間) 장기적(長期的)으로 매년(每年) 측정(測定)된 영구적(永久的)인 실험(實驗)plots의 다양(多樣)한 데이터베이스를 이용(利用)하였으며, 인공조림(人工造林)된 테에다소나무임분(林分) 내에서 자연적(自然的)으로 발생(發生)된 활엽수(闊葉樹)들과의 종간경쟁(種間競爭)이 소나무임분(林分)의 생존예측(生存豫測)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 분석(分析)하였다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)의 결과(結果)로서 임분수준(林分水準)의 생존예측모형(生存豫測模型)은 지위지수(地位指數)와 활엽수(闊葉樹)의 흉고단면적(胸高斷面績) 밀도(密度)와의 유의(有意)한 영향(影響)이 생존예측모형(生存豫測模型)에서 나타났다. 지위지수(地位指數)와 활엽수(闊葉樹)의 밀도(密度)가 증가(增加)함에 따라서 조림(造林)된 테에다소나무임분(林分)의 미래(未來) 생존(生存) 본(本) 수(數)는 뚜렷히 감소(減少)하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제108권1호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2019

본 연구는 경상북도 봉화군 장군봉 일대의 일본잎갈나무 조림지에서 간벌 후 시간경과에 따른 서식환경과 소형 설치류 개체군 특성의 변화를 파악하기 위해 실시되었다. 간벌지와 대조구의 서식환경은 교목 수와 관목 수, 상층 피도, 중층 피도, 암석 피도, 수목잔존물 수에서 임분 간 유의한 차이를 보였다. 소형 설치류의 포획 결과, 등줄쥐와 흰넓적다리붉은쥐, 대륙밭쥐, 다람쥐 등 4종이 포획되었으며, 대조구보다 간벌지에서 더 많은 개체수가 포획되었다. 이 중 등줄쥐와 흰넓적다리붉은쥐의 성비와 연령비를 분석한 결과, 두 종 모두 수컷의 비율은 간벌 3년차 임분에서 가장 높았으며 성숙개체와 미성숙개체의 비율은 임분 간 차이가 크지 않았다. 이와 같은 차이는 간벌지와 대조구의 서식환경과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 생각되며, 일본잎갈나무 조림지의 간벌은 하층 식생의 발달과 수목잔존물의 증가로 소형 설치류에 더 적합한 서식환경을 제공하는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 간벌 이후 수목잔존물의 존치와 중층 및 하층 식생의 유도를 통한 산림관리는 소형 설치류의 다양성 유지에 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권5호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2008

This study was performed in 14 unthinned Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litvin) plantations in northeast China. Data were collected on 70 sample trees of different canopy position with diameter at breast height (DBH) ranging from 6.9 cm to 34.5 cm. Diameter and length of knots per whorl below the living crown were studied by different vertical levels divided by relative knot height (RHK) in this paper. Models taking DBH and height to the crown base (HCB) as independent variables were developed to predict knot diameter (KD) in a sample whorl. According to the vertical distribution tendency and range of sound knot length (KLsound), KLsound was modeled as multiple linear function of DBH, KD and relative knot height (RHK). The loose knot length (KLloose) was described as a function of DBH, KD and height above the ground for knots (HK) in a mixed log-linear model. Results from this study can provide abundant knot information so as to describe the knot size and vertical distribution tendency of Mongolian pine plantation.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2020

This study aimed to figure out and compare the increment of biomass by thinning intensity focused on the plantation of the two major coniferous species (Larix kaempferi and Pinus koraiensis) of South Korea. The inventory interval was three years under the effects of three types of thinning treatments; control (no thinning), light (20% thinning) and heavy (40% thinning). The results showed standing biomass increment of both species decreased as thinning intensity increased (heavylight>control). Meanwhile, the lowest of on-site biomass changes occurred in the control plot, and the greatest was in the heavy thinning plot because thinning was involved with leaving the felling residual biomass (leaves, branches and roots) on the site. According to the results from this short-term study, unthinned stands is preferable for maximizing standing biomass as well as carbon sequestration. However long-term investigation should be considered in order to see more clear results.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권2호
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• pp.204-212
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• 2010

This study was performed in 22 unthinned Larix olgensis plantations in northeast China. Data were collected on 95 sample trees of different canopy positions and the diameter at breast height ($d_{1.3}$) ranged from 5.7 cm to 40.2 cm. The individual tree models for the prediction of vertical distribution of live crown, branch and needle biomass were built. Our study showed that the crown, branch and needle biomass distributions were most in the location of 60% crown length. These results were also parallel to previous crown studies. The cumulative relative biomass of live crown, branch and needle were fitted by the sigmoid shape curve and the fitting results were quite well. Meanwhile, we developed the crown ratio and width models. Tree height was the most important predictor for crown ratio model. A negative competition factor, ccf and bas which reflected the effect of suppression on a tree, reduced the crown ratio estimates. The height-diameter ratio was a significant predictor. The higher the height-diameter ratio, the higher crown ratio is. Diameter at breast height is the strongest predictor in crown width model. The models can be used for the planning of harvesting operations, for the selection of feasible harvesting methods, and for the estimation of nutrient removals of different harvesting practices.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제71권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 1985

한 임분(林分)에 있어서 개체목(個體木)의 생장(生長)은 그 임목(林木) 주변(周邊)의 주변목(周邊木)들에 의하여 커다란 영향(影響)을 받는다. 무간벌(無間伐) 임분(林分)의 경우 이러한 경향(傾向)은 임목(林木) 상호간(相互間)의 경쟁(競爭)을 통하여 더욱 현저(顯著)하게 나타난다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 1962년(年) Spurr가 제안(提案)한 각도합산법(角度合算法)(angle-summation method)을 이용(利用)하여 낙엽송림(落葉松林)의 개체목(個體木) 생장(生長)과 주변목(周邊木)들과의 기본적(基本的)인 생장관계(生長關係)를 조사(調査)하였으며, 이것을 기초(基礎)로 중심목(中心木)으로 선정(選定)된 각(各) 임목(林木)들의 최근(最近) 5년간(年間)의 직경생장량(直徑生長量)을 추정(推定)하기 위해 중회귀식(重回歸式)을 적용(適用)하고 그 결과(結果)를 분석(分析) 검토(檢討)하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of hardwood competitions in stand structure and dynamics by applying prediction models for unthinned loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations. A parameter recovery procedure for the Weibull distribution function based on four percentile equations was applied to develop diameter distribution prediction models. Four percentiles of the cumulative diameter distribution prediction equations were predicted as a function of quadratic mean diameter plus competin hardwood trees perhectare varibales. According to the results of this study. it was found that as the amount of competing hardwood trees increased, diameter distributions in terms of stand structure dynamics tended to be more skewed to the right. Therefore, the influence of non-planted hardwood trees interspecific competitoin on planted loblolly pines showed negative effects on the stand structure and dynamics.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제96권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of thinning on changes in stand characteristics and understory vegetation in a silvopasture practiced Japanese larch plantation in the Research Forest of Kangwon National University, Korea. Three different thinning intensities (64%, 35%, and control) were applied. Before and after thinning, the understory plant species increased its number from 48 (7 tree species, 7 shrubs species, 28 herbaceous species, and 6 woody climbers) to 100 (11 tree species, 15 shrub species, 67 herbaceous species, and 7 woody climbers). Thinning made plants invade easily on the forest floor, and plot A (325 stems/ha) had much higher number of undersory species than those Of plot B (575 stems/ha) and control plot (1,150 stems/ha). In three years after thinning, understory aboveground biomass (kg/ha) of herbs were 523 for control, 1,230 for plot B, and 1,288 for plot A. The canopy coverage had remarkable influence on the understory biomass production, resulting in relatively small amount of herbage production on control plot. The differences were statistically significant between thinned plots and unthinned plot, but there were no significant differences among the thinned plots (p<0.05).

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.253-261
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• 1996

This study was conducted to clarify the relationship between bird community and forest structure from early May to mid June, 1988 in two sites which had different forest structures due to silvicultural practice, located in the Tomakomai Experimental Forest of Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan. Quantitative ahbitat analysis was applied to elucidate difference between the two study sites, and territory mapping method and guild analysis were used for assessment of the bird community. Dominant tree species were Quercus mongolica, Magnolia obovata, Prunus sargentii, Acer mono and Tilia japonica. Unithinned site had more foliage coverage in upper and middle layers, but in lower layer had less coverage than thinned site. Thirty four species of birds were recorded and of them only 21 species occupied territories within the study area. Dominant species were Ficedula narcissina, Phylloscopus occipitalis, Parus major, Passer rutilans, Sitta europaea and Parus palustris in the study area. The unmber of breeding species of the two sites were equal, but the species composition of breeding bird communities was different between the sites. The number of species and pairs on hole-nesting guild were greater in the unthinned site, but those on ground-nesting guild were greater in the thinned site. Canopy-nesting guild showed no significant difference between the two sites. Silvicultural practice such as proper thinning appeared to be not inadequate to all of the forest birds, probably good to bush and ground nesting guild, and to tree & bush and ground foraging guild. The silvicultural practice also did not considerably affect the hole and canopy-nesting guild.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2014

우리나라의 중요한 조림 수종 중에서 낙엽송을 대상으로 하여, 간벌실시에 따른 물리 역학적 성질을 비교 평가함으로써 간벌 실시가 목재의 재질에 미치는 영향과 양질재 생산 및 목재의 효율적 이용을 위한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 간벌정도에 따른 시료는 무간벌, 약도간벌, 강도간벌을 실시한 광릉시험림에서 벌채하여 사용하였다. 간벌 정도에 따른 평균 만재율은 무간벌 < 약도간벌 < 강도간벌의 경향이었고 평균 연륜폭은 무간벌 < 약도간벌 또는 강도간벌의 경향이었다. 간벌 정도에 따른 평균 휨강도는 무간벌 > 약도간벌 >강도간벌의 경향이었고 간벌 정도에 따른 평균 압축강도는 무간벌 > 약도간벌 >강도간벌의 경향이었다. 이러한 결과로 낙엽송은 간벌에 의하여 휨 및 종압축강도가 감소하는 경향이었다.