• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 1999년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.181-186
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• 1999

The effects of the frequency of upstream gust on the unsteady boundary characteristics on a downstream blade was simulated by using a Navier-Stokes code. The Navier-Stokes code is based on an unstructured finite volume method and uses a low Reynolds k-e turbulence model to close the momentum equations. The MIT flapping foil experiment set-up is used to simulate the interaction between the upstream wake and a blade. The frequency of the upstream wake is simulated by varying rate of pitching motion of the flapping airfoils. Three reduced frequencies. 3.62. 7.24. and 10.86. are simulated. As the frequency increases, the unsteady fluctuation on the surfaces of the downstream hydrofoil is shown to decrease while the upstream flapper wake has larger first harmonics of y-velocity component. The unsteady vortices are shown to interact with each other and. as a result. the upstream wake becomes undiscernible inside the inner layer. The turbulence kinetic energy shows a similar behavior. Limiting streamlines around the trailing edge of the flapper are shown to conform with the unsteady Kutta condition for a round trailing edge. while limiting streamlines around the trailing edge of the hydrofoil conforms with the unsteady Kutta condition for a sharp edge.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

Numerical optimization for design of a blade stacking line of a low speed axial flow fan with a fast and elitist Non-Dominated Sorting of Genetic Algorithm(NSGA-II) of multi-objective optimization using three-dimensional Navier-Stokes analysis is presented in this work. Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations with ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model are discretized with finite volume approximations and solved on unstructured grids. Regression analysis is performed to get second order polynomial response which is used to generate Pareto optimal front with help of NSGA-II and local search strategy with weighted sum approach to refine the result obtained by NSGA-II to get better Pareto optimal front. Four geometric variables related to spanwise distributions of sweep and lean of blade stacking line are chosen as design variables to find higher performed fan blade. The performance is measured in terms of the objectives; total efficiency, total pressure and torque. Hence the motive of the optimization is to enhance total efficiency and total pressure and to reduce torque.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2014

In this paper, prediction of separation trajectory for Two-stage-To-Orbit space launch vehicle has been numerically simulated by using an aerodynamic database based on steady state analysis. Aerodynamic database were obtained for matrix of longitudinal and vertical positions. The steady flow simulations around the launch vehicle have been made by using a 3-D RANS flow solver based on unstructured meshes. For this purpose, a vertex-centered finite-volume method was adopted to discretize inviscid and viscous fluxes. Roe's finite difference splitting was utilized to discretize the inviscid fluxes, and the viscous fluxes were computed based on central differencing. To validate this flow solver, calculations were made for the wind-tunnel experiment model of the LGBB TSTO vehicle configuration on steady state conditions. Aerodynamic database was constructed by using flow simulations based on test matrix from the wind-tunnel experiment. ANN(Artificial Neural Network) was applied to construct interpolation function among aerodynamic variables. Separation trajectory for TSTO launch vehicle was predicted from 6-DOF equation of motion based on the interpolated function. The result of present separation trajectory calculation was compared with the trajectory using experimental database. The predicted results for the separation trajectory shows fair agreement with reference[4] solution.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2009

강에서 유출된 담수가 연안지역에 영향을 미치는 영역을 결정하는 요인 중 하나인 담수풍선의 특성을 비정규격자계를 사용하는 유한체적모델(FVCOM)을 이용하여 연구하였다. 강에서 바다로 유출된 담수는 하류 쪽(강에서 바다를 보면서 오른쪽)으로 이동하는 연안경계류와 강 하구에서 반시계방향으로 회전하며 시간이 지남에 따라 커지는 와류형태의 담수풍선(bulge)을 만든다. 이 담수풍선의 중심에서 수직운동이 유도되어 담수가 해저면 까지 이동한다. 조석을 고려하면 담수풍선이 사라지고, 연안경계류의 폭이 넓어진다. 간단한 염분비교방법을 이용하여 조석에 의한 성층 및 혼합의 변화를 비교하여 조석이 연직혼합을 강화시킴을 정량적으로 평가하였다. 담수가 방출되기 시작한 초기에는 조석에 의한 왕복운동에 의해 조석이 고려된 경우에 수평혼합이 더 크게 나타나나, 일정시간이 지나면 수직혼합에 의해 하구역의 염분이 낮아져 있어, 강 하구에서 담수의 왕복운동이 전체적인 수평 확산계수에 미치는 영향이 작아진다. 조석이 없는 경우 연직혼합 없이 주로 표층에서만 관성불안정에 의해 수평 확산/혼합이 이루어져 수평 확산계수가 시간이 지남에 따라 계속 증가한다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2010

본 논문은 2차원 천수방정식을 해석하기 위해 새롭고 간단한 MUSCL 재구성법을 제안하였다. 수정 MUSCL 기법은 보존변수의 재구성을 위해 계산격자와 인접격자의 보존변수 차에 대해 각 경계면에 균일하게 분배하는 기존 방법 대신 면적가중비를 사용하였으며, 이 방법은 정형격자 뿐만 아니라 비정형 격자의 사용에도 보존변수의 물리적 재구성이 가능하다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 비구조적 격자의 적용이 가능한 차원비분리 기법을 적용하였으며, 수정 MUSCL 기법의 사용으로 발생할 수 있는 수치진동을 제어하기 위해 TVD 기법의 경사제한자를 사용하였다. 하상경사항의 정확하고 효율적인 수치 처리를 위해 수정 MUSCL 기법을 수면경사법과 연계하였다. 제안한 기법을 적용한 유한체적모형을 건물의 영향을 고려한 댐 붕괴 해석 및 Bellos의 댐 붕괴 실험에 적용하고, 적용결과를 실험실 자료 및 기존 연구자의 계산결과와 비교하여 개발모형을 검증하였다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1303-1313
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• 2002

Effects of the reduced frequency of upstream wake on downstream unsteady boundary layer flow were simulated by using a Wavier-Stokes code. The Wavier-Stokes code is based on an unstructured finite volume method and uses a low Reynolds number turbulence model to close the momentum equations. The geometry used in this paper is the MIT flapping foil experimental set-up and the reduced frequency of the upstream wake is varied in the range of 0.91 to 10.86 to study its effect on the unsteady boundary layer flow. Numerical solutions show that they can be divided into two categories. One is so called the low frequency solution, and behaves quite similar to a Stokes layer. Its characteristics is found to be quite similar to those due to either a temporal or spatial wave. The low frequency solutions are observed clearly when the reduced frequency is smaller than 3.26. The other one is the high frequency solution. It is observed for the reduced frequency larger than 7.24. It shows a sudden shift of the phase angle of the unsteady velocity around the edge of the boundary layer. The shift of phase angle is about 180 degree, and leads to separation of the boundary layer flow from corresponding outer flow. The high frequency solution shows the characteristics of a temporal wave whose wave length is half of the upstream frequency. This characteristics of the high frequency solution is found to be caused by the strong interaction between unsteady vortices. This strong interaction also leads to destroy of the upstream wake strips inside the viscous sublayer as well as the buffer layer.