• 약학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1996

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of ${\beta}$-sitosterol in the unsaponifiable fraction of Zea mays L. and its related drug preparations using a cholesterol as an internal standard was investigated. They were saponified with 20% methanolic KOH solution. Phytosterols in the reaction mixture were extracted with diethyl ether and separated on silica gel TLC plate with n-hexane-diethyl ether(40:60) as the solvent and then were scraped off. They were separated by reversed phase high perfomance liquid chromatography on Inertsil ODS-2 column with detection at 205nm. Cholesterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol were resolved from interferences by adjusting the acetonitrile content in the MeOH-tetrahydrofuran-$H_2O$ eluent. The detection limit of ${\beta$-sitosterol was 0.43${\mu}$g.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.476-484
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• 2015

Purpose: This study intended to analyze the validity of clinical effectiveness data of clinical trials testing systemic titrated extract of Zea Mays L. unsaponifiable fraction chemotherapeutic agent. Material and Methods: Among 5 clinical trials claimed as proof of clinical effectiveness on the Web site of the manufacturer of this chemotherapeutic agent, a review of 4 clinical trials, written in either Korean or English, was conducted. Data were extracted from studies for the following variables: year of publication, age, sample size, follow-up period, combination with contemporary periodontal treatments, randomization, randomization check, blinded measurement, and statistical test type. Results: The study subjects' age intervals were too diverse to decide a common target population to generalize the findings. No study stated clearly the rationale for the sample size determination. Follow-up period to observe the start of clinical effectiveness was inconsistent and decided without any rationale of pathophysiological latent period. Randomization to make the comparisons on the same start line was performed but failed in a study. Randomization effect was not checked in 4 studies. Performance of blinded measurement of clinical outcomes to prevent bias was unclear in 2 studies. Type of statistical test was inappropriate in 3 studies. Conclusions: Based on the analysis of the validity of data on clinical and demographic variables, the four available clinical trials have not demonstrated compelling evidence of therapeutic effectiveness of systemic titrated extract of Zea Mays L. unsaponifiable fraction chemotherapeutic agent to improve prognosis of periodontal disease either with the contemporary periodontal treatment or without it.

• 약학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.578-587
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• 2000

The purpose of the present study was to design and prepare the optimum formulation for the oral administration of titrated extract of the unsaponifiable fraction of Zea mays L. (ETIZM). For this purpose, we simulated the blood concentration of ETIZM after its oral administration, changing the dissolution rate constants $(0.05{\sim}20\;hr^{-1})$. In vivo parameters, such as absorption rate constant $(k_a)$, elimination rate constant (k) and volume of distribution (Vd), were incorporated in the simulation on the basis of the experiments and literatures. When the dissolution rate constant $(k_r)$ is over $5\;hr^{-1}$, the absorption process appears to be the rate limiting step for the transport of ETIZM from the G.I. ract to the blood circulation. While less than $5\;hr^{-1}$, the dissolution rate considered to be the rate limiting step. Moreover, the optimum blood concentration was shown in the range from 1 to $5\;hr^{-1}$ of $k_r$ in the simulation. To design and prepare the tablets on the basis of the above results, 7 formula containing HPMC, PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 (1-5%, respectively) were prepared and evaluated. The tablets containing PEG 4000 (1%), PEG 6000 (1%) or PEG 4000 (5%) satisfy the optimum $k_r$ range ($1-5\;hr^{-1}$). These formulations, therefore, will be able to show the more effective blood concentration, compared with the commercial products after the oral administration.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.185.2-185.2
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• 1991

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.131.2-131.2
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• 1989

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.200.1-200.1
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• 1992

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.165-177
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to perform on the biological activity of Magnolia and Zizyphi fructus extract mixtures on the wound healing of defected rat calvaria. For the determination of the mixture ratio of two extracts for oral administration, preliminary experiments were performed with the mixture combination of 2000 and $3000{\mu}g/ml$ of Magnolia extract, and also 20, 30, 200, 300, 2000 and $3000{\mu}g/ml$ of Zizyphi fructus extract, respectively and divided into 6 groups. The combination of extracts mixture were tested on the enhancing effect of cellular activity. The effect of the extracts mixture on the cellular activity was evaluated using MTT method and measured on the results with optical density by ELISA reader. The ability to tissue regeneration of the extracts mixture was performed by measuring new bone and new connective tissue regeneration on the 5mm defected rat calvaria for 1, 2 and 3 weeks after oral administration of 2 different dosages groups : 10:1(0.1g/kg) and 10:1(0.5g/kg). It was employed the same dosages of unsaponifiable fraction of Zea Mays L as positive controls. Each group of rat was sacrificed and en bloc section for histological examination. The effect on the cellular activity of each mixture ratio showed significantly higher in $2000{\mu}g/ml$ of Magnolia extract and $200{\mu}g/ml$ of Zizyphi fructus extract group to compare with other groups. These preliminary results showed that appropriate mixture ratio of two extracts was 10:1 of Magnolia and Zizyphi fructus extract. Histological examination on the activity of tissue regeneration of each group showed that 2weeks and 3weeks specimens of 0.5g/kg of 10:1 extract mixture of Magnolia and Ziziphi fructus administrated rat calvaria revealed significantly more osteoid and new bone formation of defected calvaria with unification of defected area than the specimens of any other negative and positive controls. Even though the specimen administrated the same dosages of unsaponifiable fraction of Zea Mays L, positive controls, showed the trend that they promote significantly the repair of calvarial defect, their bone reparative activities were less inductive than the same dosages of Magnolia and Ziziphi fructus extract mixture. These results implicated that the mixture of Magnolia and Zizyphi fructus extracts should be highly effective on the wound healing of bony defected site and might have potential possibilities as an useful drug to promote periodontal tissue regeneration.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.867-882
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• 1997

Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius $Linn\acute{e}$ has been traditionally used for the treatment of blood stasis, and Dipsasi Radix has been used as a drug for fracture in Chinese medicine. The purpose of present study was to examine the biologic effects of safflower extract and Disasi radix extracts on the periodontal. ligament cells and osteoblastic cells and on the wound healing of rat calvarial defect. The ethanolic extract of safflower blossom, safflower seed and Dipsasi Radix(125, 250, and 500 ${\mu}g/ml$) were prepared as test group, and PDGF-BB(lOng/ml) and unsafonifiable fraction of Zea Mays L.(125, 250, and 500 ${\mu}g/ml$) were employed as positive control. The effects of each agents on the growth and survival, ALPase activity, expression of PDGF-BB receptor, chemotactic response of PDL cell and ATCC human osteosarcoma MG63 cells in vitro were examined. The tissue regenerative effect of each extracts was evaluated by histomorphometric measuring of newly formed bone on the 8mm defect in rat calvaria after oral administration of 3 different dosages groups : 0.02, 0.1 and 0.35g/kg, per day. It was also employed the same dosages of unsaponifiable fraction of Zea Mays L. as positive controls. Safflower blossom extract, safflower seed extract, and Dipsasi Radix extract stimulate the cellular activity of MG63 cells in concentration range of $125-500{\mu}g/ml$, and safflower bolssom extract and safflower seed extract stimulate also the cellular activity of periodontal ligament cells in concentration range of $250-500{\mu}g/ml$. In activity of ALPase, $250-500{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower blossom extracts showed significant stimulating effects on MG63 cells, and the same concentration range of safflower seed extracts showed significant effect on periodontal ligament cells. In the recovery on PDGF-BB receptor expression which was depressed by $IL-1{\beta}$, $125-250{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower blossom extracts and $250-500{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower seed extracts showed significant increasing effect on MG63 cells, and $500{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower blossom extract and $250-500{\mu}g/ml$ of safflower seed extracts showed significant effect on periodontal ligament cells. In chemotactic response, among all tested group, safflower seed extracts only were chemotactic to MG63 cells and periodontal ligament cells in concentration range of $125-500{\mu}g/ml$. Also in the view of bone regeneration in rat calvarial defect model, the only group that was orally administrated 0.35g/kg, day of safflower seed extract showed significant new bone formation. These results suggested that safflower extracts might have a potential possibilities as an useful drug for adjunct to treatment for regeneration of periodontal defect.