• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2024

Citrus cultivation plays a pivotal role, making a significant contribution to global fruit production and dietary consumption. Accurate identification of viral pathogens is imperative for the effective management of plant viral disease in citrus crops. High-throughput sequencing serves as an alternative approach, enabling comprehensive pathogen identification on a large scale without requiring pre-existing information. In this study, we employed HTS to investigate viral pathogens infecting citrus in three different regions of South Korea: Jejudo (Jeju), Wando-gun (Wando), and Dangjin-si (Dangjin). The results unveiled diverse viruses and viroids that exhibited regional variations. Notably, alongside the identification of well-known citrus viruses such as satsuma dwarf virus, citrus tatter leaf virus, and citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV), this study also uncovered several viruses and viroids previously unreported in Korean citrus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that majority of identified viruses exhibited the closest affilations with isolates from China or Japan. However, CLBV and citrus viroid-I-LSS displayed diverse phylogenetic positions, reflecting their regional origins. This study advances our understanding of citrus virome diversity and regional dynamics through HTS, emphasizing its potential in unraveling intricate viral pathogens in agriculture. Consequently, it significantly contributes to disease management strategies, ensuring the resilience of the citrus industry.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.172-177
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• 2007

Thyroid hormones play an important role in regulating metabolism and can affect homeostasis of fat depots. The gene encoding thyroglobulin (TG), producing the precursor for thyroid hormones, has been proposed as a positional and functional candidate gene for a QTL with an effect on fat deposition. The SNP occurs in the 5' promoter region of the TG gene and is widely used in marker assisted selection (MAS) programs to improve the predictability of marbling level and eating quality in beef cattle. In this study, we identified three SNPs at the 5' promoter region of the TG gene in Korean cattle. Of the three SNPs identified in TG gene, the C257T and A335G were previously unreported new SNPs. The sequence data were submitted to GenBank (GenBank accession number: AY615525). The previously reported C422T SNP showed three genotypes, CC, CT and TT, by digestion with the restriction enzyme MflI using the PCR-RFLP method. A new allelic variant corresponding to the C${\rightarrow}$T and A${\rightarrow}$G mutations at positions 257 and 335, respectively, could be detected by the SSCP analysis. The gene-specific SNP marker association analysis indicated that the C422T SNP marker was significantly associated (p<0.05) with marbling score. Animals with the CC and CT genotypes had higher marbling score than those with the TT genotype. Results from this study suggest that TG gene-specific SNP may be a useful marker for meat quality traits in future MAS programs in Korean cattle.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.73-86
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• 1976

다음과 같은 새로운 4종의 N-(arylsulfonyl)benzamide 유도체와 6종의 N-(arylsulfonyl)benzimidothiophenyl ester 유도체를 합성하였다. m-methyl-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzamide, p-methyl-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzamide, m-nitro-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzamide, p-methoxy-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzamide, p-methyl-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzimidothiophenyl esters, m-methyl-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzimidothiophenyl ester, p-methoxy-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzimidothiophenyl ester, p-nitro-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzimidothiophenyl ester, m-nitro-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzimidothiophenyl ester, p-chloro-N-(arylsulfonyl)benzimidothiophenyl ester. 넓은 pH 범위에서 N-(arylsulfonyl)benzimidothiophenyl esters 유도체의 가수분해속도 상수를 자외선 분광광도법으로 측정하여 넓은 pH 범위에 적용되는 반응속도식을 구하였다. 이 속도식과 치환기효과등으로부터 N-arylsulfonylbenzimidothiophenyl esters 유도체에 대한 가수분해 반응메카니즘을 제안하였다. 즉 pH 11 이상에서는 hydroxide ion이 pH 9 이하에서는 azomethine 기에 물분자가 첨가되므로서 반응이 시작되며 pH 9∼11 사이에서는 물분자와 hydroxide ion이 경쟁적으로 반응함을 알았다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2016

Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), and Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) have been known to induce top working disease causing economical damage in apple. Occurrences of these three viruses in pome fruit trees, including apple, have been reported around the world. The transmission of the three viruses was reported by grafting, and there was no report of transmission through mechanical contact, insect vector, or seed except some herbaceous hosts of ASGV. As RNA extraction methods for fruit trees, Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and multiplex RT-PCR techniques have been improved for reliability and stability, and low titer viruses that could not be detected in the past have become detectable. We studied the seed transmission ability of three apple viruses through apple seedling diagnosis using RT-PCR. Nineteen seeds obtained from commercially grown apple were germinated and two of the resulting plants were ASGV positive. Seven clones of the amplified ASGV coat protein (CP) genes of these isolates were sequenced. Overall sequence identities were 99.84% (nucleotide) and 99.76% (amino acid). Presence of a previously unreported single nucleotide and amino acid variation conserved in all of these clones suggests a possible association with seed transmission of these 'S' isolates. A phylogenetic tree constructed using ASGV CP nucleotide sequences showed that isolate S sequences were grouped with Korean, Chinese, Indian isolates from apple and Indian isolates from kiwi.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.382-388
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• 2016

Inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPN), which are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous peripheral nerve disorders including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), exhibit progressive degeneration of muscles in the extremities and loss of sensory function. Over 70 genes have been reported as genetic causatives and the number is still growing. We prepared a targeted gene panel for IPN diagnosis based on next generation sequencing (NGS). The gene panel was designed to detect mutations in 73 genes reported to be genetic causes of IPN or related peripheral neuropathies, and to detect duplication of the chromosome 17p12 region, the major genetic cause of CMT1A. We applied the gene panel to 115 samples from 63 non-CMT1A families, and isolated 15 pathogenic or likelypathogenic mutations in eight genes from 25 patients (17 families). Of them, eight mutations were unreported variants. Of particular interest, this study revealed several very rare mutations in the SPTLC2, DCTN1, and MARS genes. In addition, the effectiveness of the detection of CMT1A was confirmed by comparing five 17p12-nonduplicated controls and 15 CMT1A cases. In conclusion, we developed a gene panel for one step genetic diagnosis of IPN. It seems that its time- and cost-effectiveness are superior to previous tiered-genetic diagnosis algorithms, and it could be applied as a genetic diagnostic system for inherited peripheral neuropathies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.4663-4670
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• 2014

Trichostatin A (TSA) is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. We here investigated its effects on proliferation and apoptosis of the CNE2 carcinoma cell line, and attempted to establish genome-wide DNA methylation alteration due to differentially histone acetylation status. After cells were treated by TSA, the inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was examined with a CCK8 kit, and cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. Compared to control, TSA inhibited CNE2 cell growth and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, TSA was found to induce genome-wide methylation alteration as assessed by genome-wide methylation array. Overall DNA methylation level of cells treated with TSA was higher than in controls. Function and pathway analysis revealed that many genes with methylation alteration were involved in key biological roles, such as apoptosis and cell proliferation. Three genes (DAP3, HSPB1 and CLDN) were independently confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Finally, we conclude that TSA inhibits CNE2 cell growth and induces apoptosis in vitro involving genome-wide DNA methylation alteration, so that it has promising application prospects in treatment of NPC in vivo. Although many unreported hypermethylated/hypomethylated genes should be further analyzed and validated, the pointers to new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies in the treatment of NPC should be stressed.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.239-246
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• 1990

유기 용매에 추출되는 유리형의 홍국 색소를 보다 많이 얻기 위하여 Monascus anka의 균주를 자연 및 자외선 변이균주에서 선발하고 배양 조건을 탐색하였다. 균주 N3를 Lin's medium에서 진탕 배양, Nishikawa's medium에서 정치 배양 및 진탕 배양하여 균체성장과 색소생성에 소요되는 시간, 유기용매에 추출되는 색소의 양을 비교하여 보았다. Lin's medium에서의 액침 배양에서는 수용성 색소가 우세하게 생성되는 반면 Nishikawa's medium에서의 정치 배양에서는 보다 많은 유기용매 가용성의 색소를 얻을 수 있었다. 한편 탄소원으로는 자당외에 에탄올이 가장 효과적이었다. Sterol 합성저해제를 처리하였을 때는 상당한 색소 형성의 증가를 볼 수 있었다. 이차원 TLC로써 아직 보고된 바 없는 색소들이 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 이 균주의 색소중 가장 다량으로 존재하는 황색소의 하나를 분리하였고 분광학적 방법으로 ankaflavin으로 동정하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.91-94
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• 2009

An unreported disease of garlic was observed in commercial fields in Jiangsu province, China. The symptoms started as water soaked lesions at the base of the leaves. Later, water-soaked areas developed on stems and spread to the internal tissues, followed by yellowing and necrosis along leaf edges and soft rot of the stems. The causal organism isolated from symptomatic plants was identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens based on its biochemical and physiological characteristics and confirmed by the cellular fatty acid composition and Biolog data as well as 168 rRNA gene sequence analysis. The bacterial isolates caused similar symptoms when inoculated onto garlic plants. In addition, leek and shallot were susceptible to the P. fluorescens pathogen. However, the P. fluorescens pathogen failed to cause any symptoms when it was inoculated onto 15 other plants. This is the first report of a bacterial disease of garlic caused by P. fluorescens in China.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.550-554
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• 2009

Unreported dielectrics based on the binary system of MgO-SiO$_2$ were investigated as potential candidates for microwave dielectric applications, particularly those demanding a high fired density and high quality factors. Extensive dielectric compositions having different molar ratios of MgO to SiO$_2$, such as 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, and 5:1, were prepared by conventional solid state reactions between MgO and SiO$_2$. 1 mol% of V$_2$O$_5$ was added to aid sintering for improved densification. The dielectric compositions were found to consist of two distinguishable phases of Mg$_2$SiO$_4$ and MgO beyond the 2:1 compositional ratio, which determined the final physical and dielectric properties of the corresponding composite samples. The increase of the ratio of MgO to SiO$_2$ tended to improve fired density and quality factor (Q) without increasing grain size. As a promising composition, the 5MgO.SiO$_2$ sample sintered at 1400 $^{\circ}C$ exhibited a low dielectric constant of 7.9 and a high Q $\times$ f (frequency) value of $\sim$99,600 at 13.7 GHz.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.429-432
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• 2009

An unreported disease of apricot was observed in orchards in Zhejiang province, China. Symptoms started as water soaked lesions on the fruit surface. Later, water-soaked areas developed and spread to the entire fruit, resulting in soft rot of the whole fruit. The causal organism isolated from symptomatic fruits was identified as Burkholderia cepacia based on its biochemical and physiological characteristics and confirmed by the cellular fatty acid composition and Biolog data as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The bacterial isolates caused similar symptoms when inoculated onto fruits of apricot. In addition, European plum, Japanese plum, nectarine and kiwifruit were susceptible to the B. cepacia pathogen. However, the B. cepacia pathogen failed to cause any visible symptoms when it was inoculated onto 16 other fruits. This is the first report of a bacterial disease of apricot caused by B. cepacia in China.