• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.260-272
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• 2011

Objectives: The promotion of health and safety (H&S) awareness among hospital staff can be applied through various methods. The aim of this study was to assess the risk level of physical hazards in the hospital sector by combining workers' perception, experts' evaluation and objective measurements. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using multiple triangulation. Hospital staff (n = 447) filled in an H&S questionnaire in a general hospital in Athens and an oncology one in Thessaloniki. Experts observed and filled in a checklist on H&S in the various departments of the two hospitals. Lighting, noise and microclimate measurements were performed. Results: The staff's perception of risk was higher than that of the experts in many cases. The measured risk levels were low to medium. In cases of high-risk noise and lighting, staff and experts agreed. Staff's perception of risk was influenced by hospital's department, hospital's service, years of working experience and level of education. Therefore, these factors should be taken into account in future studies aimed at increasing the participation of hospital workers. Conclusion: This study confirmed the usefulness of staff participation in the risk assessment process, despite the tendency for staff to overestimate the risk level of physical hazards. The combination of combining staff perception, experts' evaluation and objective measures in the risk assessment process increases the efficiency of risk management in the hospital environment and the enforcement of relevant legislation.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.53-80
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• 2023

This study investigates faculty support for quality assurance in online education, and offers suggestions for its improvement based on feedback from Instructional Design (ID) staff working at a public university in the U.S. Qualitative research using semi-structured interviews was conducted with seven ID staff in order to examine their perceptions regarding faculty support related to quality assurance in online education. The results of the data analysis indicate that four types of faculty support-quality assurance reviews using Quality Matter (QM) standards, templates, individual consultations with ongoing support, and monitoring-were offered for faculty. Faculty support for quality assurance in online education could be improved by developing specific quality assurance standards, recruiting external experts, examining learning effects, developing a quality assurance management system, and sharing documents among ID staff. This study highlights the necessity of quality assurance in online education and provides cases of faculty support in a real higher education setting.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제21권
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• pp.159-193
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• 1994

This study is to analyze correlations between 14 factors related to university libraries and the number of professional staff, nonprofessional staff, and total library staff. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. In the case of 1992, there are high positive correlations between the number of library staff and 10 of 14 variables : the number of undergraduate enrollments, graduate enrollments, departments, faculty members, school employees and volumes in library, size of library building, total university expenditure and library materials expenditure (coefficient: 0.70-0.99). However, there are little significant correlations between the number of library staff and 2 variables : library open hours and university expenditure per student. Among the above factors, the correlations of the total university expenditure and the library expenditure show a significant difference more than ones of the other factors. 2. In the case of the analysis by 3 years interval in 1984-1992, there are high positive correlations between the number of total library employees and 7 of the above 9 variables, excepted to library open hours and 4 factors related to expenditure (coefficient : 0.73-0.93 in 1984;0.77-0.88 in 1988;0.70-0-92 in 1992). But there are little significant differences among the correlation coefficients by each year. 3. In the results of the correlation analysis between the professional staff and the nonprofessional staff, the number of graduate enrollments, departments, volumes in library and school employees, library expenditure and total university expenditure show higher positive correlation to the professional staff than the nonprofessional staff. However, the number of undergraduate enrollments, faculty members, volumes added in library and volumes loaned, size of library building and library materials expenditure show little significant differences in the correlation coefficients between the professional staff and the nonprofessionalstaff.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.163-173
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• 1974

A study on the health care of Ewha Womans University staff, faculty and families was conducted during the period from March 1973 to August 1974 using designed questionaire. A total of 196 persons who were randomly sampled as 27.3% of the total staff and faculty 789 were studied. The response rates were 96.0%. The results and findings obtained from the study are summerized as follow. 1. The sex ratio of the members the faculty and the staff shows 83.2% and the singles are 37.2% of the total. Their mean family size being 4.6 persons per capita, each family has mean number of 2.3 childeren. 2. The median monthly income of a member of faculty amounts \114,000 and that of a staff \43,077. It amounts \79,333 when the median monthly income of both the members of the faculty and the staff are taken. Consequently, it amounts \91,727\ per family (Assumed mean). 3. 71.4% of the total hold the house of their own. A spouses of 59.4% of them are working for the additional income of the family. 4. Their health condition is rated fair, i. e. 92.3% of them enjoy good health. Out of total members faculty and the staff, 20.6% are cared by family physician. 36.2% of them feel that they are burdened by heavy medical expense. 5. 76.7% of them have affirmatively responded that they would purchase medical insurance policy when they were offered. It reaches 84.0% of the total who consider buying the policy for their dependents. 74.0% of them desire to purchase the policy for their spouse's parents. 6. The monthly prevalence rate reaches 17.0% and the hospital admission rate 4.7%.12.3% of them affirmatively responded that they had chronic diseas. The number of sick call per capita counts 0.2 per month and the hospital admission rate 0.05. 7. To examine the nature of their disease, the respiratory disease is rated to be the top and the gastro-intestinal disease comes to the next. As far as chronic disease is concerned, the gastro-intestinal disease is predominent. 8. As to their treatment, 65.4% of them get the physician's treatment and 17.0% treatment of drug purchasing and 7.7% prefer Chinesedrug. 6.6% of them gets no medical treatment at all. 9. The treatment ratio, including drug purchasing and other means, reaches 93.4%. 60.7% of them affirmatively responded that they did not or could not get physician's treatment at least once even though they thought they had to. It is disclosed that 25.4% of them are caused by economical reason. 10. Average medical expense per case amounts \7,116 and monthly medical expense per capita \1,345. Consequently, average monthly medical expense per family amounts \6,185. 11. The medical expense of a family is rated 7.7% of total earnings of the same period.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.111-130
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• 1978

This study of nurse educator's attitudes which found aspects of professional nursing was carried out from September 10 to 30, 1977. Subjects were 205 respondents from a total population of 314 nurse educators from the level of instructors to professors in all the diploma (post high school 3 year), professional junior college (3 year level) and university (4 year) nursing schools in Korea. Specific objectives were to determine their attitudes about the 1. social position of nursing as a profession, 2. nurses attitudes towards their word, 3. factors influencing the development of nursing, 4. the future of nursing, 5. nursing educational problems, 6. their own educational position's intrinsic job satisfaction and 7. their salary and benefits. The instrument used was a questionnaire developed from consultations with nursing educators and sociologists, and based on earlier. worts by Burke (1976), Mason (1974) and Hong 1969. Data were analysis by computer using one-way analysis. Statistically significant findings included the following; 1. Responses were positive toward all seven aspects of professional nursing. 2. Compared to diploma nursing school staff whose responses were positive, professional and university school faculty response toward the social position of nursing were neutral. 3. Faculty with clinical experience of 10 to 19 years were most positive in their responses about nurses' attitudes towards their work. In all three types of schools, in comparison to professors, associate professors' responses were more positive about nurses' attitudes toward their work. Faculty with longer clinical experience expressed high agreement with statements about factors which influence the development of nursing. Without any differences between school, all faculty had positive attitudes towards the future of nursing, the younger the staff member, the more positive were the responses. 4. faculty in diploma schools and those with 10 to 19 years clinical experience expressed high agreement with statement about nursing educational problems, 6. their own educational position's intrinsic job satisfaction and 7. their salary and benefits. The instrument used was a questionnaire developed from consultations with nursing educators and sociologists, and based on earlier. worts by Burke (1976), Mason (1974) and Hong 1969. Data were analysis by computer using one-way analysis. Statistically significant findings included the following; 1. Responses were positive toward all seven aspects of professional nursing. 2. Compared to diploma nursing school staff whose responses were positive, professional and university school faculty response toward the social position of nursing were neutral. 3. Faculty with clinical experience of 10 to 19 years were most positive in their responses about nurses' attitudes towards their work. In all three types of schools, in comparison to professors, associate professors' responses were more positive about nurses' attitudes toward their work. Faculty with longer clinical experience expressed high agreement with statements about factors which influence the development of nursing. Without any differences between school, all faculty had positive attitudes towards the future of nursing, the younger the staff member, the more positive were the responses. 4. faculty in diploma schools and those with 10 to 19 years clinical experience expressed high agreement with statement about nursing educational problems while responses from faculty from professional schools and those without clinical experience were neutral. 5. Responses showed general satisfaction with intrinsic aspects of teaching in all school. Associate professors were positive about satisfaction with salary and other benefits but full professors' responses were neutral.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2022

Improving the quality of teaching staff in universities is an important goal of most universities. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the factors affecting the quality improvement of lecturers at universities. There are many factors affecting the improvement of this quality of human resources. This article uses the survey method to assess the factors affecting the improvement of the quality of lecturers in education and training institutions of the Ministry of Transport of Vietnam. Currently, the Ministry of Transport of Vietnam has 4 educational institutions. The research team has assessed the impact factors at these 4 facilities. The research team conducted a survey for faculty members of the Ministry of Transport. The result was 446 votes. The authors have performed factor evaluation by multivariate regression model. The influencing factors include Professional competence, the virtue of teaching staff, scientific research capacity, participating in building a democratic educational environment, Professional support policy, Instructor's income, and Information technology support. Research results show that most of the factors have a positive impact on improving the quality of lecturers. Based on the survey results, the authors also make policy suggestions to further improve the quality of teaching staff of the schools in the coming time.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2019

Many studies have shown that job performance and leadership are important in our society. In addition, to improve the quality of work or to improve the work efficiency is still a lot of challenges for each leader. In Vietnam, there are few specific studies on the impact of leadership styles on employee engagement such as: transformational leadership styles, business leadership styles and leadership styles. In the field of higher education, the fewer studies on these issues. A study is conducted to test the impact of leadership styles on the engagement of cadres, lecturers and staff at public universities in Vietnam. Using adjustment techniques, inspecting the scales and theoretical models representing the relationship among the influential factors. The research is based on a sample of 309 cadres, lecturers and staff currently working in universities in Vietnam and used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test the relationships among the variables. The study results show that the scales of the variables: transformational leadership, transactional leadership, laissez faire leadership, job satisfaction and organizational engagement attain the validity and reliability in the research. The study results also show transformational leadership, transactional leadership and laissez faire leadership are directly and indirectly affected by job satisfaction and organizational commitment.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.837-847
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• 2007

The study focused on the evaluation of maintenance management strategies used in public hospital buildings in Lagos state. It also assessed the labour composition for maintenance operations. In achieving these objectives, opinions of maintenance officers of ten (10) different hospitals in different local government areas of the state were sampled through well structured questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. From the analysis, the study revealed that majority of those public hospitals do not have specific budget for maintenance programmes, maintenance policies, maintenance log book and maintenance manual to guide the operatives. About 98% of them do not understand the type of maintenance strategy being used for their maintenance operations. 78% of the maintenance work are only executed when there is a breakdown or in response to user's request. For labour composition, the cleaning of interior and exterior of the building, inspection of building elements, repairs and replacements of building elements are mainly carried out by in-house staff, while the repair and replacement of equipment is by outsourcing. The study also revealed that using in- house staff, reduces costs and provides a higher security while outsourcing provides more flexibility in staffing reduces equipment expenditures and provide better access to special skills. The study recommended proactive measures to provide necessary training and support for maintenance staff and users of these facilities and a means of securing sufficient funds for maintenance programmes.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2017

Objectives: Radiation is one of the most important sources of free radical (such as reactive oxygen species) production, which plays an essential role in the etiology of over hundred diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate some immune parameters and hematological indices in healthy workers of the Radiology Department, University Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. Methods: The study was performed on 50 healthy workers: 30 radiology staff as the case group and 20 laboratory workers as the control group. The radiation dose received by the radiology staff participating in the study was less than the annual maximum permissible level, 50 millisievert. Hematological parameters, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production were studied in both groups. Results: Among healthy radiology workers, the hematological indices did not differ statistically; however, their proliferation indices and $IFN-{\gamma}$ levels showed significant increases in parallel with decreases in the IL-4 levels as compared to controls. The immune system of workers exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation was found to be shifted from a Type 2 to a Type 1 response to promote cellular immunity. Conclusion: Based on our data, exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation may decrease the prevalence, frequency, and recurrence of various cancers and infectious diseases because of an increase in Th1-cell-based response, thus leading to more protection of the human body against tumor cells and foreign agents and possibly increased longevity. However, due to high rate of fluoroscopy use for interventional radiology, we suggest continuing research projects on radiation protection and hazards to prevent irreversible damage. As a recommendation, in future studies, radiology staff with a weakened immunity due to high radiation exposure should be considered as good choices to be treated using acupuncture techniques because acupuncture has been demonstrated to enhance the function and the number of immune cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3135-3141
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• 2012

This study was designed to adapt the Turkish versions of scales to evaluate fatigue in children with cancer from the perspectives of the children, parents and staff. The objective of this study was to validate "Child Fatigue Scale-24 hours" (CFS-24 hours), "Parent Fatigue Scale-24 hours" (PFS-24 hours) and "Staff Fatigue Scale-24 hours" (SFS-24 hours) for use in Turkish clinical research settings. Translation of the scales into Turkish and validity and reliability tests were performed. The validity of the translated scales was assessed with language validity and content validity. The reliability of the translated scales was assessed with internal consistency. The scales were evaluated by considering the following: calculation of the Cronbach alpha coefficient for parallel form reliability with 52 pediatric cancer patients, 86 parents and 43 nurses. The internal consistency was estimated as 0.88 for the Child Fatigue Scale-24 hours, 0.77 for the Parent Fatigue Scale-24 hours, and 0.72 for the Staff Fatigue Scale-24 hours (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$). The Turkish version of the Child Fatigue Scale -24 hours, the Parent Fatigue Scale -24 hours and the Staff Fatigue Scale -24 hours were judged reliable and valid instruments to assess fatigue in children and showed good psychometric properties. These scales should assist in understanding to what extent initiatives can minimize or eliminate fatigue. Our scales are recommended for further studies and use in pediatric oncology clinics as routine measurements and nursing initiatives should be planned accordingly.