• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.770-774
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• 2020

Background: Fermentation has been shown to improve the biological properties of plants and herbs. Specifically, fermentation causes decomposition and/or biotransformation of active metabolites into high-value products. Polyacetylenes are a class of polyketides with a pleiotropic profile of bioactivity. Methods: Column chromatography was used to isolate compounds, and extensive NMR experiments were used to determine their structures. The transformation of polyacetylene in red ginseng (RG) and the production of cazaldehyde B induced by the extract of RG were identified by TLC and HPLC analyses. Results: A new metabolite was isolated from RG fermented by Chaetomium globosum, and this new metabolite can be obtained by the biotransformation of polyacetylene in RG. Panaxytriol was found to exhibit the highest antifungal activity against C. globosum compared with other major ingredients in RG. The fungus C. globosum cultured in RG extract can metabolize panaxytriol to Metabolite A to survive, with no antifungal activity against itself. Metabolites A and B showed obvious inhibition against NO production, with ratios of 42.75 ± 1.60 and 63.95 ± 1.45% at 50 µM, respectively. A higher inhibitory rate on NO production was observed for Metabolite B than for a positive drug. Conclusion: Metabolite A is a rare example of natural polyacetylene biotransformation by microbial fermentation. This biotransformation only occurred in fermented RG. The extract of RG also stimulated the production of a new natural product, cazaldehyde B, from C. globosum. The lactone in Metabolite A can decrease the cytotoxicity, which was deemed to be the intrinsic activity of polyacetylene in ginseng.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.187-193
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• 2020

In this study, we wanted to analyze the factors at the national university level that affect college students ' elimination. In addition, national universities, private universities, universities in Seoul and universities outside of Seoul were divided into more college-specific characteristics. Except for leave of absence and departure from school, it was defined as a middle school dropout among changes of students. The data were used for analysis by receiving raw data from "University Alerts," which are operated by the Ministry of Education and the Korean Council for Educational Universities. At the university notification, 222 universities out of the schools classified as "Universities" were utilized for final analysis, and jobs, credits, scholarships, tuition fees, students, independent students, and full-time teachers were secured through multiple education. Overall, the higher the average graduate level and employee-rate the lower the rate of elimination from the middle of college students, the analysis showed. Second, the higher the average tuition fees at private universities, the more negatively affects the rate of elimination of university students. Third, higher tuition fees at universities outside the Seoul metropolitan area have a negative impact on the rate of elimination of students.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-38
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• 2010

Following the emergence of a knowledge-based economy, the role of universities in regional development has been re-evaluated through considering localized interactive learning processes. This paper tries to identify the role of universities for regional development and the variables effecting on their localized engagement in regional development. We argues that universities cannot be viewed as a single angle, because the behaviors of a university are influenced by the degree of their independence from regional and national governments. Likewise, the contributions of universities to their regional development can be differential depending on the organizational characteristics of individual universities, the social, political, and economical contexts of a given region and nation, and complex relations between and within universities and other regional stakeholders. These variables can be both the drivers and barriers when each university responds to regional needs. Based on the literature review, we suggest that the explanatory factors of shaping the engagement of universities in regional development can be classified into four categories: the characteristics of individual universities, the national context, the local and regional context, and the policy context.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 2001

The purpose of this research is to plan the activation of university health business through the appraisal of the function and role of university health centers. To be more specific: Firstly, analyze the facility, personnel, health service of the health centers, Secondly, appraise the role and function of the health centers, and Thirdly, consider the activation plans of health centers. The research method taken was the study of surveys conducted and written research materials on 5 women's universities in Seoul. These materials where descriptively analyzed by converting the surveys, facility and usage of health center and current personnel status in to percentage. The major results of the research are as follows: Unlike as stated in each university's additional clause on the number of personnel were working. This lack of specialized personnel resulted into lack of specialized and various services. Medicine for external application were stocked well whereas only simple medicine for internal application were on shelf and were issued only with a doctor's prescription. Universities with a full-time doctor had various available equipments. One university conducting dental treatment was equipped with indirect chest camera, dental X-ray, unit, chair(dental treatment chair) and even supersonic, electrocardiogram were available. In the case of D women's university, the number of beds compared to the number of students was lower than that of the other 3 universities, to the total size of the university was smaller than that of the other 3 universities. Among health prevention and care matters, health consultation was the only matter practised by all universities. Uniquely, there was one university that hosted epidemic prevention business. There are various tests given by each university, with each showing many differences, but some universities did not even conduct these tests. Vaccinations were usually being conducted through commission. All universities provided basic treatment, therefore matters concerning treatment at health centers were being conducted well. Concerning the management of equipment and documents, all the matters were being conducted except one university where instead of a student medical record, they were using a daily record. Because these were women's universities, most of the educations were on women's health. The subjects of these educations included: sex, contraception, prevention and control of tuberculosis, obesity, mouth hygiene, alcohol, geriatric disease, mental health and first-aid. The rate of health center usage is growing. Being women's universities, the service and treatment practised were mostly concerning sex education.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.83-106
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the management and quality assurance of higher education franchising in UK universities. Central Lancashire University, Liverpool John Moors University and London Metropolitan University were selected for the case study. The findings based on the framework consisting four areas are as follows. First, the franchising was actively pursued due to the interest of UK universities in securing student and financial resources associated with the interest of partner universities aiming at internationalization and development. Second, the field of cooperation reflected the strengths of UK universities and the needs of partner universities, while the types and degree awarding methods were diversified thanks to the autonomy given to UK universities. Third, the management system was well structured to guarantee transparent and valid operation of franchising with the intensive support of the headquarter at the beginning stage. Fourth, rigorous quality control measures were applied to provide education services of the same quality. In this process, QAA played an important guiding role. Based on these findings, we suggested policy implications for the Korean government as well as universities who are interested in franchising of higher education.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.203-225
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• 2018

With the recent increase in private universities being closed due to a decrease in the number of students, the importance of records management at schools is also increasing. However, the guidelines for records management at closed private universities are ambiguous, causing confusion in the transfer of records and management. Therefore, this study conducted a literature survey on university records and institutions, and examined the current status of private universities in schools through education statistics services. Among the surveyed private universities, the latest to be closed, and the largest of them was Suh Nam University, which looked at the detailed records management status of private schools. The purpose of the interview was to analyze the results of the interview and draw up implications and propose improvement measures. First, the proposed improvement plan in this study is to make it mandatory to deploy records management specialists at private universities for specialized records management. Second, the law should be revised to improve the ambiguity of private universities' guidelines. Third, continuous support from higher institutions should be ensured so that records management at closed private universities is not passive. This improvement will enable records management at closed private universities to be carried out efficiently when the future closure of private universities is carried out.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.29-47
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• 2020

This study uses Gini coefficient to index the inequality of academic information resource among universities to identify the areas where the gap is extremely severe, and analyzes the Gini coefficient over time for 10 years to show how the gap is changing. In addition, the degree and characteristics of the gap appearing by type of universities such as metropolitan universities, local national universities, private universities, and colleges were also compared. As a result, first, the university library academic information infrastructure showed a severe level of disparity (0.6 - 0.9), and the inequality was more severe in serials, electronic resources, and reference service. Even when the relative Gini coefficient was calculated considering the number of students, the inequality was over 0.4 in serial etc. Second, the Gini coefficient trend over the last decade shows that the inequality has decreased toward equality in the re-education time of employees and electronic information resources, but not in other sectors. Third, it was found that special universities and universities in the metropolitan area showed a large gap between universities of the same kind, and local national universities showed the best gap level as well as the best academic information infrastructure.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2005

Cyber universities, which were established by the Life Long Education act, face a lot of problems, such as high drop-out rate. One of the major reason of the problems results from lack of curriculum specialization. In fact, cyber universities have been operated curriculum which were similar to the traditional universities or other kinds of lifelong educational institutions. The purpose of the study was to investigate a direction of specialized curriculum among cyber universities. Based on the literature review, curriculum analysis, and the SWOT analysis, I recommended what the particular institution needed to be done to contribute to better education and perform their role successfully.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.17
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• pp.135-160
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• 2005

In the 1990s, university environment is changing rapidly(especially, difficulty of student registration which are originated student's decrease and various deregulation) and university get ready for the new ways of management culture. This new ways are management innovation strategies. The purpose of this study is to suggest the direction of effective innovation(to search application possibility of management innovation strategy), solving the problems occurred by the enlargement and change in the environments of universities. From early in the 1990s, korean corporations perform actively many management innovation strategy including benchmarking, restructuring, downsizing, zero-based budgeting, BPR, learn organization and total quality management. But korean most universities performed hardware management innovation strategies such as corporate portfolio restructuring(including outsourcing, M&A, MBO etc.) and organization restructuring. Therefore korean universities have got to concerns about more software management innovation strategy such as total quality management and learn organization. Also we have seen another problems such as that universities try to merely duplicate certain management innovation strategies which are used by another university. rather than to make various effort to adequate their own organizations. In conclusion, korean universities are to play an important roles in the development of knowledge society. The management innovation and individual competence development in the university are required to overcome crisis of university.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.174-182
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• 1998

Recent advances in technologies such as internet have led to the emergence of virtual universities. However, existing technologies have many problems to be applied on virtual university implementation. Especially, existing transaction models are not appropriate to support virtual universities. In this paper, we present a transaction model to support virtual universities. First, we discuss general virtual university environments. After that, we introduce transaction model requirements for virtual universities. Those requirements include on-line processing, flexibility on transaction length, unpredictability, interactivity and parallelism. Then, we present a transaction model reflecting those requirements, and transaction processing techniques. Finally, we discuss future research issues based on our transaction model and processing techniques.