• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.97-119
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• 2019

Libraries both in South Korea and abroad have been adopting 3D printers and related service. This indicates the need for documented 3D printer use policy to facilitate the service. This study investigates 3D printer use policies of libraries in Korea and best practices of the United States, and suggests contents for 3D printer use policies in Korea. The finding shows that Korean libraries with 3D printers did not have systematic and documented 3D printer use policies. After conducting content analysis of 16 best practices of 3D printer use policies from libraries in the United States, the authors identified five themes (purpose, users, procedures, limitations of use, and liability) and 21 sub-themes. The findings are informative for Korean libraries to develop 3D printer use policies and to understand various considerations in implementing 3D printer services.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.3-12
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• 2009

Community revitalization programs in New York State are community centralized projects, and this approach is pretty much general in the united states. However, local communities do not have enough funds, human resources, technical knowledge and useful data. Even though State governments have their own supporting systems, they are not able to support all that communities need and ask. State governments are, on the other hand, trying to develop the most efficient supporting system for the community revitalization programs as a part of community development. US federal government supports funds as well. New York state government makes connections with other states, local governments, universities, and other useful groups, and reorganizes all possible resources for New York state communities. This supporting system helps that local leaders and community residents can tackle regionally specific issues and opportunities. This paper shows how New York state implements community revitalization programs with the community supporting system. This research also shows how to organize and manage the community involvements in the planning process through the case study of the Black River Vision Plan/ City of Watertown that an author had participated in.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.119-127
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• 2015

Many researchers addressed a strong need for providing diverse senior housing options to accommodate different demands from the growing senior population in Korea. One option can be the university-based retirement community (UBRC) which is linked to the adjacent universities and offers various physical, educational, and recreational programs for residents. The primary purpose of this study was to identify major features of the UBRC in terms of development, management, level of college participation, and types of care services for senior residents and to suggest future implementation directions in Korea. Two cases from the United States were selected and investigated to accomplish this goal. Main features of the UBRC were identified as follows: The university linked to each subject community was strongly involved in the development process. Their original residents were mainly recruited from university retirees. The strong university involvement became diminished as the retirement communities got settled down. This study analyzed these architectural, managerial, and development features and suggested future implication directions of university-based retirement communities in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.730-744
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• 2006

The United States curriculum reform movement has recently started in each area of science education. The initiatives on curriculum reform stem from a notion that the low rate of science curricula offered in schools has been a serious problem. The schools in the United States are not only facing a lack of offerings within science curricula but also low enrollment in science courses, especially in physics, chemistry, and earth science. This trend resulted in low performances on international achievement tests including TIMSS and PISA. This paper introduces the efforts to solve existing problems through curriculum reform; including ChemCom, BioCom, EarthComm, and Active Physics. In this paper, a discussion is presented to show how the curricula can help address the status quo in science education. More specifically, this paper focuses on curriculum reform in high school earth science (EarthComm), providing a closer look at the scope and sequence of the reform movement. EarthComm was chosen because it was released based on the development of the National Science Education Standards (NRC, 1996). Consequently, EarthComm became a curriculum that espoused the visions of the Standards, which has been guiding the reform of the US curriculum. At the end of this paper, two research outcomes of the EarthComm curriculum implementation in schools are discussed in terms of student learning and differences from conventional curricula.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.277-301
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• 2010

Since the England's Parliament revised the British copyright law and enacted the first copyright exception specifically for libraries (user or service) in 1956, copyright exceptions applicable to libraries have been an important part of world copyright laws through the last few decades. Copyright exceptions for libraries are a critical legal tool to preserve intellectual and cultural heritage, promote equitable access to knowledge and information to the public, and to support learning and research. Based on these reasons, this study analyzed and compared the current state of copyright structure and limitations or exceptions for library in six major countries(United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, and Republic of Korea).

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.128-134
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• 2018

Medical education, competency, and outcome-based medical education started as part of the basic medical education curriculum in advanced countries 20 years ago, and such an approach was adopted in residency training. General competency training is at the core of residency training in advanced countries, and it goes beyond competency and outcome-based training to the extent that in a milestone training system, competency development is expected and measured with set competency achievements at each level. Recently, for the purpose of ensuring that doctors uphold patient safety and fulfill their obligations, entrustable professional activities (EPA) were applied at the beginning of residency when doctors move away from clinical trials and start actual care. The adoption of EPA in all residency training curriculum has spread very rapidly in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada. Presently, Korea lags behind other countries significantly as the adoption of competency and outcome-based medical education in residency training has just begun. It is time to identify the current state of the Korean residency training system, and then design and practice a well-established system with a long-term view based on cooperation across the whole medical industry.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.46
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• pp.290-318
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• 2001

In 1981, Chile has fundamentally reformed the public pension system from the pay-as-you-go system (PAYGs) to the full funding defined contribution system managed by the private funding companies. The Chilean privatization reform influenced not only the neighbor South American countries but also the advanced countries. The United Kingdom contracted out the state earning related pension system. Australia and Sweden recently introduced the private investment accounts system. And now the hot debates on the privatization of the social security pension is going on in the United States of America. This wind of privatizing the public pension system is being backed up by the New Liberalism, the nowadays' strongest ideology. Besides, the theoretical and idealogical debate between the World Bank and the ILO/ISSA was happened in the middle of 1990s. The World Bank, the supporter of the international financial capital, insisted the introducing of the full funding individual accounts system and the abolition of the existing PAYGs. The ILO/ISSA apposed the World Bank's policies and advocated the moderate reform of the PAYGs. In this paper, I reviewed the Chilean reform, the World Bank's report and the opposing argument of the ILO/ISSA against it, and analysed the core issues of the two sides. Also, I tried to present the suggestions to the Korean public pension systems. Through the discussing the debate, we made certain of the importance of the basic issues in the social security system like equity vs. adequacy, inter-generational redistribution vs. intra-generational redistribution and welfare vs. economy, once again.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.624-633
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• 2009

This study examines farmers' knowledge and perception on the functions and values of wetland and their attitudes on government wetland policies in the state of Illinois in the United States. No significant differences were found in the knowledge of the functions and values of wetland between farmers and non-farmers, although farmers tend to value the importance of wetland less than non-farmers. However, farmers are negative on the importance of protecting wetland and replacing damaged or destroyed wetlands as well as stricter government wetland policies. It suggests that noticeable discrepancy exists between farmers' knowledge of wetland and their practice to protect wetland.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.343-356
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• 2005

Overhead sign support structures number in the tens of thousands throughout the trunk-line roadways in the United States. A recent two-phase study sponsored by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program resulted in the most significant changes to the AASHTO design specifications for sign support structures to date. The driving factor for these substantial changes was fatigue related cracks and some recent failures. This paper presents the method and results of a subsequent study sponsored by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) to develop a relative performance-based procedure to rank overhead sign support structures around the United States based on a linear combination of their expected fatigue life and an approximate measure of cost. This was accomplished by coupling a random vibrations approach with six degree-of-freedom linear dynamic models for fatigue life estimation. Approximate cost was modeled as the product of the steel weight and a constructability factor. An objective function was developed and used to rank selected steel sign support structures from around the country with the goal of maximizing the objective function. Although a purely relative approach, the ranking procedure was found to be efficient and provided the decision support necessary to MDOT.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.102-117
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• 1998

Responsible environmental behavior of Youths who will live in the 21C needs the ‘Personalization of Environment’, which means the process or the result of awareness to the non-personal environment as the personal environment to show the responsible environmental behaviors through the intended physical and psychological contacts to environment. This study intended to analyze various programs of national parks, zoo, children's garden and Project Learning Tree in the United States and to discuss the possibility of ‘personalization of environment’ and implication for environmental education of Korea. Literature review, field trips, personal interviews and internet searches were used to collect information and data. Programs of North Cascade National Park, Mt. Rainier National Park and 4-H Children's Garden in Michigan State University showed the cases of direct personalization of environment focusing on the direct contact with nature. The programs of Binder Park Zoo in Battle Creek and Project Learning Tree showed the possibilities of indirect personalization of environment forming meaningful relationships with nature through various indirect activities. It is suggested that various natural education programs in Unites States make nature and places meaningful for the people and it needs to be applied for the environmental education programs in Korea.