• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.938-948
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• 2022

Gastric cancers (GC) are generally malignant tumors, occurring with high incidence and threatening public health around the world. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial roles in modulating various cancers, including GC. However, the functions of circRNAs and their regulatory mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain largely unknown. This study focuses on both the role of circCOL1A2 in CRC progression as well as its downstream molecular mechanism. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot were adopted for gene expression analysis. Functional experiments were performed to study the biological functions. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and subcellular fraction assays were employed to detect the subcellular distribution. Luciferase reporter, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), RNA pull-down, and immunofluorescence (IF) and immunoprecipitation (IP) assays were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. Our results found circCOL1A2 to be not only upregulated in GC cells, but that it also propels the migration and invasion of GC cells. CircCOL1A2 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sequestering microRNA-1286 (miR-1286) to modulate ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10 (USP10), which in turn spurs the migration and invasion of GC cells by regulating RFC2. In sum, CircCOL1A2 sponges miR-1286 to promote cell invasion and migration of GC by elevating the expression of USP10 to downregulate the level of RFC2 ubiquitination. Our study offers a potential novel target for the early diagnosis and treatment of GC.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2022

This study aims to derive basic living service facility items in rural areas and construct related spatial data. To do this, a literature review on the laws and systems related to the residential environment and services in rural areas, rural spatial planning, and the 'Rural Convention' strategic plan reports for the Jeolla and Gyeongsang Region in 2021 was conducted. Primary data collection and review on the list of basic living service items in rural areas derived from the analysis were conducted. After data collection, 12 sectors and 44 types of rural basic living service items were derived; the data selection was carried out based on the clarity of the subject of data management, whether it was established nationwide, whether it was disclosed and provided, whether it was periodically updated, and whether it was an underlying law. Afterwards, data on the derived rural basic living service items were constructed. Afterwards, spatial data on the derived rural basic living service items were constructed. Because open data provided through various institutions were employed, data structure unification such as data attribute values and code names was needed, and abnormal data such as address errors and omissions were refined. After that, the data provided in text form was converted into spatial data through geocoding, and through comparative review of the distribution status of the converted data and the provided address, spatial data related to rural basic living services were finally constructed for about 540,000 cases. Finally, implications for data construction for diagnosing rural living areas were derived through the data collection and construction process. The derived implications include data unification, data update system establishment, the establishment of attribute values necessary for rural living area diagnosis and spatial planning, data establishment plan for facilities that provide various services, rural living area analysis method, and diagnostic index development. This study is meaningful in that it laid the foundation for data-based rural area diagnosis and rural planning, by selecting the basic rural living service items, and constructing spatial data on the selected items.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2022

Background Dermal backflow (DBF), which refers to lymphatic reflux due to lymphatic valve insufficiency, is a diagnostic finding in lymphedema. However, the three-dimensional structure of DBF remains unknown. Photoacoustic lymphangiography (PAL) is a new technique that enables the visualization of the distribution of light-absorbing molecules, such as hemoglobin or indocyanine green (ICG), and can provide three-dimensional images of superficial lymphatic vessels and the venous system. This study reports the use of PAL to visualize DBF structures in the extremities of patients with lymphedema after cancer surgery. Methods Patients with a clinical or lymphographic diagnosis of lymphedema who previously underwent surgery for cancer at one of two participating hospitals were included in this study. PAL was performed using the PAI-05 system. ICG was administered subcutaneously in the affected hand or foot, and ICG fluorescence lymphography was performed using a near-infrared camera system prior to PAL. Results Between April 2018 and January 2019, 21 patients were enrolled and examined using PAL. The DBF was composed of dense, interconnecting, three-dimensional lymphatic vessels. It was classified into three patterns according to the composition of the lymphatic vessels: a linear structure of lymphatic collectors (pattern 1), a network of lymphatic capillaries and lymphatic collectors in an underlying layer (pattern 2), and lymphatic capillaries and precollectors with no lymphatic collectors (pattern 3). Conclusions PAL showed the structure of DBF more precisely than ICG fluorescence lymphography. The use of PAL to visualize DBF assists in understanding the pathophysiology and assessing the severity of cancer-related lymphedema.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.202-213
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• 2022

Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli cases are increasing high especially in Southeast Asia. Illegal use of the antibiotic in the aquaculture farming may become the culprit of the outbreak and spread into environmental source. A study was conducted to: 1) detect the chloramphenicol (CAL)-resistant gene in E. coli isolated from three aquaculture farms and six rivers of northwestern Borneo and 2) investigate the correlation between cat gene with five common antibiotics used. Isolation of E. coli was done on Eosin methylene blue agar and characterized using indole, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, citrate tests. E. coli isolates were subsequently tested for their susceptibility to five antibiotics commonly used in aqua-farming. The CAL-resistant E. coli were further analyzed for the presence of resistant genes (cat I, cat II, cat III, cat IV) using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. 42 bacterial colonies were isolated from a total of 80 individual water samples, 34 of which were identified as E. coli. Result showed 85.3% of the E. coli isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, 35.3% were resistant to tetracycline, 29.4% were resistant to CAL, 17.6% were resistant to nitrofurantoin and 8.8% were resistant to nalidixic acid. All of the 10 CAL resistant E. coli isolateswere detected with cat II genes; five isolates detected with cat IV genes; three isolates detected with cat III genes; and another two detected with cat I genes. Pearson correlation coefficient shows highly significant relationship between resistance pattern of CAL with amoxicillin; and CAL with tetracycline. Our findings provide the supplementary information of the CAL resistance gene distribution, thereby improving our understanding of the potential risk of antibiotic resistance underlying within this microbial ecosystem.

• 지질공학
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

지진은 지체 구조, 지구조 응력, 지각 성분 및 구성 요소 간의 상호 작용을 통해 발생하는 복잡한 현상으로 이해하기 매우 어려운 시스템이기 때문에 예측하기가 쉽지 않다. 우리나라는 평균 M 2.3의 비교적 안전한 지역으로 볼 수 있으나 지진에 대한 대중의 관심이 높아짐에 따라, 한반도의 지진현상을 분석하기 위하여 딥러닝 기반의 Facebook's Prophet 모델을 이용한 시간에 따른 지진패턴의 변화 및 공간과 규모에 따른 지진예측을 시도하였다. 또한, 진앙분포도 군집분석 방법인 DBSCAN과 비교 및 토의하였다. Prophet 지진 예측 모델링 결과 향후 경상북도뿐만 아니라 충청북도, 경기도 및 서울권역에서 지진이 발생할 것으로 예측되었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2024

Storage temperature profoundly influences the storability of paprika (Capsicum annuum L.). However, the impact of storage temperature on storability and its association with the antioxidant activity of paprika are poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the storage attributes, activity, and gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes in paprika stored at 4, 10, and 20℃ for 14 d and then at 20℃ for an additional 5 d (14+5 d; retail conditions). Storage at 10℃ effectively mitigated pitting, stalk browning, shriveling, and decay while significantly enhancing the marketability of paprika. The fruits stored at 4℃ were prone to pitting, whereas those stored at 20℃ were sensitive to stalk browning and decay. Moreover, paprika stored at 10℃ exhibited higher 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) activity and total phenolic content than those stored at 4 and 20℃, indicating improved antioxidant activity. Additionally, storage at 10℃ upregulated the expression levels of the antioxidant genes, catalase and peroxidase, suggesting the mechanism underlying the quality enhancement of paprika. Our findings suggest that paprika storage at 10℃ alleviates chilling injuries, preserves the quality and marketability, and enhances the antioxidant potential of paprika. These findings provide insights into how temperature influences the quality and minimizes post-harvest losses during the storage and distribution of paprika.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.473-480
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• 2024

We systematically reviewed radiological abnormalities in patients with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection, defined as persistently positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for SARS-CoV-2 for > 21 days, with either persistent or relapsed symptoms. We extracted data from 24 patients (median age, 54.5 [interquartile range, 44-64 years]) reported in the literature and analyzed their representative CT images based on the timing of the CT scan relative to the initial PCR positivity. Our analysis focused on the patterns and distribution of CT findings, severity scores of lung involvement on a scale of 0-4, and the presence of migration. All patients were immunocompromised, including 62.5% (15/24) with underlying lymphoma and 83.3% (20/24) who had received anti-CD20 therapy within one year. Median duration of infection was 90 days. Most patients exhibited typical CT appearance of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), including ground-glass opacities with or without consolidation, throughout the follow-up period. Notably, CT severity scores were significantly lower during ≤ 21 days than during > 21 days (P < 0.001). Migration was observed on CT in 22.7% (5/22) of patients at ≤ 21 days and in 68.2% (15/22) to 87.5% (14/16) of patients at > 21 days, with rare instances of parenchymal bands in previously affected areas. Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection usually presents as migrating typical COVID-19 pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, especially those with impaired B-cell immunity.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2024

많은 연구자들이 다양한 모델을 이용하여 물의 수질을 평가하기 위해 노력하고 있다. 평가 모델에는 결측값이 없는 데이터셋이 필요하지만, 관측 데이터셋에는 결측값이 다수 포함되는 것이 현실이다. 단순히 결측값을 삭제하는 방법은 경우에 따라 기저 데이터의 분포를 왜곡시키고 모델의 예측성능에도 편의(bias)를 불러올 위험성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 수질 데이터의 결측값 처리에 적합한 기법을 탐색하기 위해, 기존의 KNN과 MICE Imputation, 그리고 생성형 신경망 모델인 Autoencoder와 Denoising Autoencoder를 기반으로 몇 가지 대치 기법을 실험하였다. 실험 결과, KNN과 MICE Imputation의 결과를 평균한 Combined Imputation이 실측치에 가장 가깝게 값을 추정하였으며, 이 기법을 적용하여 결측값을 처리한 관측 데이터셋을 support vector machine과 ensemble 기반의 분류 모델로 평가한 결과, 결측값을 삭제했을 때에 비해 Accuracy, F1 score, ROC-AUC score, 그리고 MCC(Mathews Correlation Coefficient) 지표가 향상되었다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.473-487
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• 2024

The current study employs the nonlocal Timoshenko beam (NTB) theory and von-Kármán's geometric nonlinearity to develop a non-classic beam model for evaluating the nonlinear free vibration of bi-directional functionally-graded (BFG) nanobeams. In order to avoid the stretching-bending coupling in the equations of motion, the problem is formulated based on the physical middle surface. The governing equations of motion and the relevant boundary conditions have been determined using Hamilton's principle, followed by discretization using the differential quadrature method (DQM). To determine the frequencies of nonlinear vibrations in the BFG nanobeams, a direct iterative algorithm is used for solving the discretized underlying equations. The model verification is conducted by making a comparison between the obtained results and benchmark results reported in prior studies. In the present work, the effects of amplitude ratio, nanobeam length, material distribution, nonlocality, and boundary conditions are examined on the nonlinear frequency of BFG nanobeams through a parametric study. As a main result, it is observed that the nonlinear vibration frequencies are greater than the linear vibration frequencies for the same amplitude of the nonlinear oscillator. The study finds that the difference between the dimensionless linear frequency and the nonlinear frequency is smaller for CC nanobeams compared to SS nanobeams, particularly within the α range of 0 to 1.5, where the impact of geometric nonlinearity on CC nanobeams can be disregarded. Furthermore, the nonlinear frequency ratio exhibits an increasing trend as the parameter µ is incremented, with a diminishing dependency on nanobeam length (L). Additionally, it is established that as the nanobeam length increases, a critical point is reached at which a sharp rise in the nonlinear frequency ratio occurs, particularly within the nanobeam length range of 10 nm to 30 nm. These findings collectively contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the nonlinear vibration behavior of BFG nanobeams in relation to various parameters.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2024

Objective : Inulae Flos(IF) has been used to treat arthritis, sever furuncle, fear and palpitation, vomiting, stroke, asthma and cough in Korean Medicine. Although the anticancer activity of IF has been reported, the molecular mechanism is still not well understood. In this study, we investigated the growth inhibitory activity of an ethanol extract of IF in HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells and its underlying mechanisms using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system. Methods : HT-1080 cells were cultured with IF for 9 days in 3D cell culture. To check an inhibition of cell prolifelation by IF, MTT assay was performed. DNA contents were measured using flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to evaluate the regulation of cell cycle- and autophagy-related proteins. Acridine orange staining was performed to confirm autophagy, and DCF-DA staining was performed to confirm the occurrence of ROS. Results : IF controlled a spheroid formation and decreased a cell viability in 3D cell culture. IF-induced cell proliferation inhibition was associated with a distinct increase of S and G2/M phase cell distribution in 2D cell cultre. In addition, IF significantly induced autophagy and generated reactive oxygen species(ROS). Interestingly, IF-induced cell cycle arrest and autophagy were recovered after pre-treatment of N-acetyl-L-cysteine, ROS scavenger. Conclusion : Our results indicate that IF induced ROS-mediated cell cycle arrest and autophagy and it may potentially useful for human fibrosarcoma treatment.