• 대한한의학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.139-149
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• 2024

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the potential of Yangdorak diagnosis application against gallstone scanned by Ultrasound diagnosis. Method: For this aim, among 97 patients who had visited Julip Korean Medicine Clinic from July 2016 to June 2023, 30 patients with no gallstone as a control group and 67 patients with gallstone and diagnosed by ultrasonography, were subjected to Yangdorak diagnosis. Then, the changes in Gallbladder Meridian (GB) value as F5 AVE(average of left and right GB value) by Yangdorak were comparatively analyzed between gallstone and non-gallstone groups and statistical significance was evaluated by Tukey's multiple comparison test using Prism software. Results: After all subjects were evaluated by the Yangdorak and ultrasonography to assess the potential of the Yangdorak diagnosis for gallstone, it was noteworthy that the Yangdorak values relevant to F5 AVE of female gallstone group(N=36) were significantly (p<0.001) decreased compared to the control group (N=30), while there was no significance in male gallstone group(N=31). Also, it was recognized significant difference between male and female groups. Conclusion: Based on these results, if the Yangdorak value can be estimated from a decrease with clinical symptom in female patient, it is recommended to follow up the ultrasonography test for diagnosing the gallstone.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.250-257
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• 2007

Functional gastrointestinal disorders affect millions of people of all age regardless of race and sex. There are, however, rare diagnostic methods for the functional gastrointestinal disorders because functional disorders show no evidence of organic and physical causes. Our research group identified recently that the gastrointestinal tract well in the patients with the functional gastrointestinal disorders becomes more rigid than healthy people when palpating the abdominal regions overlaying the gastrointestinal tract. The aim is, therefore, to develop a diagnostic method for the functional gastrointestinal disorders based on quantitative measurement of the rigidity of the gastrointestinal tract well using ultrasound technique. For this purpose, a preliminary ultrasound diagnostic system was developed and verified through phantom tests. The system consisted of transmitter, ultrasonic transducer, receiver, TGC, and CPLD, and verified via a phantom test. For the phantom test, ten soft-tissue specimens were harvested from porcine. Five of them were then treated chemically to mimic a rigid condition of gastrointestinal tract well, which was induced by functional gastrointestinal disorders. Additionally, the specimens were tested mechanically to identify if the mimic was reasonable. The customized ultrasound system was finally verified through application to human subjects with/without functional gastrointestinal disorders(Normal and Patient Groups). It was identified from the mechanical test that the chemically treated specimens were more rigid than normalspecimen. This finding was favorably compared with the result obtained from the phantom test. The phantom test also showed that ultrasound system well described the specimen geometric characteristics and detected an alteration in the specimens. The maximum amplitude of the ultrasonic reflective signal in the rigid specimens $(0.2{\pm}0.1Vp-p)$ at the interface between the fat and muscle layers was explicitly higher than that in the normal specimens $(0.1{\pm}0.0Vp-p)$ (p<0.05). Clinical tests using our customized ultrasound system for human subject showed that the maximum amplitudes of the ultrasonic reflective signals nea. to the gastrointestinal tract well for the patient group$(2.6{\pm}0.3Vp-p)$ were generally higher than those in normal group$(0.1{\pm}0.2Vp-p)$ (p<0.05). These results suggest that newly designed diagnostic system based on ultrasound technique may diagnose enough the functional gastrointestinal disorders.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.29-32
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• 2016

Purpose: Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the most common anomalies identified in newborns. This study aims to demonstrate the prevalence of CAKUT including hydronephrosis diagnosed by antenatal and postnatal ultrasound over a five-year period. Methods: The records of births between May $1^{st}$, 2009 and April $30^{th}$, 2014 at our hospital were collected. The number of infants who underwent renal ultrasound after birth for the detection of CAKUT was counted. The incidence of each type of CAKUT such as hydronephrosis, size abnormality, horseshoe kidney, and Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) was retrospectively evaluated for antenatal screening and postnatal follow-up examination. Results: During the study period, 33,276 infants were born and 521 neonates underwent postnatal renal ultrasound. 183 cases of CAKUT were detected prenatally and 140 postnatally using ultrasonographic examinations at the following time: (i) 3-7 days postnatally in 123 newborns (87.9%), (ii) during 1-3 months in 11 newborns (7.9%), and (iii) later than 3 months in 6 newborns (4.3%). Among diagnosed CAKUT, hydronephrosis was the most common anomaly with 113 newborns diagnosed prenatally and 46 postnatally. Duplex kidney was the second most common anomaly followed by horseshoe kidney, simple cysts in the kidney and so on. Conclusion: The detection of CAKUT is an important part of the prenatal ultrasound. This study analyzed the prevalence of CAKUT detected on prenatal screening and compared the results to those detected postnatally. Prenatal ultrasound screening fulfills the needs of postnatal examinations and therefore, both antenatal and postnatal sonographic investigations are of vital importance for diagnosis of renal and urinary tract anomalies.

• 대한정형외과 초음파학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2011

목적: 신체 검사 및 초음파 검사를 통한 연부조직 종괴의 진단과 수술 후 조직검사를 통한 결과를 상호 비교, 분석하고 초음파 검사의 임상적 유용성에 대하여 고찰하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에서 연부조직 종괴에 대해 수술 전 초음파 검사를 시행하였고, 조직학적 생검을 통한 병리학적 검사로 확진을 받은 총 83명의 환자를 대상으로 한 후향적 검사를 시행하였다. 병력 청취와 신체 검사를 바탕으로 한 임상적 진단과 초음파 검사를 이용한 진단의 정확도를 조직학적 생검을 통한 확진을 바탕으로 상호 비교하였다. 결과: 초음파를 이용한 수술 전 진단의 정확도는 86.7%로 신체 검사만을 통한 진단에 비해 높은 정확도를 보였다. 초음파 검사의 경우 표피성 봉입낭종(epidermal inclusion cyst)인 경우 71.4%, 결절종은 85.7%, 지방종은 88.6%의 정확도를 각각 나타내었다. 반면 신체 검사와 병력 청취를 통하여 임상적 진단이 가능했던 경우는 총 54례로, 이 중 33례에서 병리적 진단과 일치하여 61.1%의 민감도를 보였다. 이 경우 종양별 진단 정확도는 결절종이 56.0%, 지방종이 67.9%로 나타났다. 결론: 초음파는 수술 전 연부조직 종괴의 진단에 있어 매우 유용한 진단 수단의 하나로 사료된다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1207-1212
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• 2018

초음파 영상은 초음파 펄스를 이용해 반사파를 수신하여 진단에 필요한 영상을 구성하는데 신호가 약해 질 경우, 잡음이 발생하여 미세한 명암도 차이가 발생한다. 또한 초음파 영상의 특성인 호흡에 의한 흔들림 현상과 실시간으로 변화하는 움직임에서 영상의 밝기 변화가 발생한다. 이와 같은 노이즈로 인해 임상적 병변을 육안으로 판단하고 진단하는데 어려움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 초음파 획득한 이미지에 영상처리 기법을 이용하여 형태학적 특징을 자동 추출한다. 이 논문에서는 영상처리를 위해 클라우드 빅데이터 처리 플랫폼을 활용해 GPU기반의 빠른 필터를 구현하였다. GPU 기반의 고성능 필터의 적용시 CPU 기반보다 4.7배 빠른 성능으로 알고리즘이 동작되었고 PSNR이 37.2dB로 원본과 매우 유사함을 확인하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2673-2678
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• 2016

Background: It is unclear as to whether the size ratio elastographic technique is useful for assessing ultrasound-detected ductal carcinoma-in-situ (DCIS) masses since they commonly lack a significant desmoplastic reaction. The objectives of this study were to determine the accuracy of this elastographic technique in DCIS and examine if there was any histopathological correlation with the grey-scale strain patterns. Materials and Methods: Female patients referred to the radiology department for image-guided breast biopsy were prospectively evaluated by ultrasound elastography prior to biopsy. Histological diagnosis was the gold standard. An elastographic size ratio of more than 1.1 was considered malignant. Elastographic strain patterns were assessed for correlation with the DCIS histological architectural patterns and nuclear grade. Results: There were 30 DCIS cases. Elastographic sensitivity for detection of malignancy was 86.7% (26/30). 10/30 (33.3%) DCIS masses demonstrated predominantly white elastographic strain patterns while 20/30 (66.7%) were predominantly black. There were 3 (10.0%) DCIS masses that showed had a co-existent bull's-eye sign and 7 (23.3%) other masses had a co-existent toothpaste sign, a strain pattern that has never been reported in the literature. Four out of 4/5 comedo DCIS showed a predominantly white strain pattern (p=0.031) while 6/7 cases with the toothpaste sign were papillary DCIS (p=0.031). There was no relationship between the strain pattern and the DCIS nuclear grade. Conclusions: The size ratio elastographic technique was found to be very sensitive for ultrasound-detected DCIS masses. While the elastographic grey-scale strain pattern should not be used for diagnostic purposes, it correlated well with the DCIS architecture.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
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• pp.474-477
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• 2002

Equipment to cauterize tumors by an electrically heated Kanthal wire is under development. The wire( alloy of iron, chromium and Aluminum) keeps sufficient strength up to 1400 degrees in Celsius. Although AC 50Hz current source is used in the prototype experiment, RF current will be used in future. The diameter of the Kanthal wire was 0.3 mm which was connected to Kanthal wire of 0.8 mm. The thicker wire was used as a leading wire. The possibility of application of the heating wire in combination with an ultrasound endoscope was determined, where ultrasound endoscope is to be used to monitor the location on the wire and an extent of a tumor in digestive organs. This procedure requires the wire to be applied inside ultrasound transmitting media. First, the wire was applied in the degassed water in which a chicken liver sample was submerged. The wire, however, burned out in water soon after it became red-hot at 12 A. The reason is that large current is required for the wire to become red-hot due to strong convection. Starch paste of 3 weight percent was employed instead of water. This made the wire red-hot approximately at 6 A, showing the increased viscosity of the starch decreased the convection and the wire was cover by the steam. The liver sample was cauterized successively, while the location of the wire and the liver was monitored by an ultrasound diagnosis equipment outside the plastic vessel of the starch paste.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
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• pp.489-491
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• 2002

The need for video diagnosis in medicine has been increased and real-time transfer of digital video will be an important component in PACS and telemedicine. But, Network environment has certain limitations that the required throughput can not satisfy quality of service (QoS). MPEG-4 ratified as a moving video standard by the ISO/IEC provides very efficient video coding covering the various ranges of low bit-rate in network environment. We implemented MPEG-4 CODEC (coder/decoder) and applied various compression ratios to moving ultrasound images. These images were displayed in random order on a client monitor passed through network. Radiologists determined subjective opinion scores for evaluating clinically acceptable image quality and then these were statistically processed in the t-Test method. Moreover the MPEG-4 decoded images were quantitatively analyzed by computing peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) to objectively evaluate image quality. The bit-rate to maintain clinically acceptable image quality was up to 0.8Mbps. We successfully implemented the adaptive throughput or bit-rate relative to the image quality of ultrasound sequences used MPEG-4 that can be applied for diagnostic performance in real-time.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3835-3838
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• 2015

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of IOTA simple rules in predicting malignant adnexal tumors by non-expert examiners. Materials and Methods: Five obstetric/gynecologic residents, who had never performed gynecologic ultrasound examination by themselves before, were trained for IOTA simple rules by an experienced examiner. One trained resident performed ultrasound examinations including IOTA simple rules on 100 women, who were scheduled for surgery due to ovarian masses, within 24 hours of surgery. The gold standard diagnosis was based on pathological or operative findings. The five-trained residents performed IOTA simple rules on 30 patients for evaluation of inter-observer variability. Results: A total of 100 patients underwent ultrasound examination for the IOTA simple rules. Of them, IOTA simple rules could be applied in 94 (94%) masses including 71 (71.0%) benign masses and 29 (29.0%) malignant masses. The diagnostic performance of IOTA simple rules showed sensitivity of 89.3% (95%CI, 77.8%; 100.7%), specificity 83.3% (95%CI, 74.3%; 92.3%). Inter-observer variability was analyzed using Cohen's kappa coefficient. Kappa indices of the four pairs of raters are 0.713-0.884 (0.722, 0.827, 0.713, and 0.884). Conclusions: IOTA simple rules have high diagnostic performance in discriminating adnexal masses even when are applied by non-expert sonographers, though a training course may be required. Nevertheless, they should be further tested by a greater number of general practitioners before widely use.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2020

현재 의료 현장에서 초음파 진단은 과거 청진기와 같다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 초음파의 특성상 검사자의 숙련도에 따라 결과 예측이 불확실하다는 단점을 가진다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이런 문제를 해결하기 위해 딥러닝 기술을 기반으로 초음파 검사 중 간병변 탐지의 정확도를 높이고자 한다. 제안 논문에서는 CNN 모델과 앙상블 모델을 이용해 병변 분류의 정확도 비교 실험하였다. 실험결과 CNN 모델에서 분류 정확도는 평균 82.33%에서 앙상블모델의 경우 평균 89.9%로 약 7% 높은 것을 확인하였다. 또한 앙상블 모델이 평균 ROC커브에서도 0.97로 CNN모델보다 약 0.4정도 높은 것을 확인하였다.