• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.224-230
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• 2015

Purpose: To determine whether we should recommend ultrasonography (US) for an incidental thyroid nodule identified by additional cervicothoracic sagittal T2-weighted image (C-T sag T2WI) of lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 61 patients who underwent both lumbar spine MRI and thyroid US between December 2011 and April 2015 was conducted. For all US-found thyroid nodules > 1 cm, investigators evaluated whether there was any correlation between thyroid nodule detectability by C-T sag T2WI and US features such as echogenicity, composition, or suspicion of malignancy. Results: Solid hypoechoic (2/4; 50%) or mixed echoic nodules (4/8; 50%) appeared to be found relatively more easily by C-T sag T2WI than more benign-looking solid isoechoic (1/4; 25%) or spongiform nodules (0/6; 0%). Among six nodules with ultrasonographic suspicion for malignancy, only one nodule was detected by C-T sag T2WI. Conclusion: If an incidental thyroid nodule is seen by C-T sag T2WI, it would be better to recommend thyroid US for identifying malignancy.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.152-158
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• 2000

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of MR urography (MRU) with that of ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation of urinary tract when this failed to opacify during excretory urography (EXU). Materials and Methods: Twelve urinary tracts in 11 patients were studied. In each case, during EXU, the urinary system failed to opacify within one hour of the injection of contrast media, and US revealed dilatation of the pelvocalyceal system. Patients underwent MRU, using a HASTE sequence with the breath-hold technique; multi-slice acquisition was then performed, and the images were reconstructed using maximal intensity projection. Each set of images was evaluated by three radiologists to determine the presence, level, and cause of urinary tract obstruction. Results: Obstruction was present in all twelve cases, and in all of these, MRU accurately demonstrated its level. In this respect, however, US was successful in only ten. The cause of obstruction was determined by MRU in eight cases, but by US in only six. In all of these six, MRU also successfully demonstrated the cause. Conclusion: MRU is an effective modality for evaluation of the urinary tract when this fails to opacify during EXU, and appears to be superior to US in demonstrating the level and cause of obstruction.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 2016

Pleomorphic adenomas is the most common tumor of parotid gland and usually located and confined in superficial lobe of parotid gland. Computed tomography (CT) is commonly used to initially evaluate salivary gland lesion, but contrast-enhanced CT may sometimes fail to reveal lesions in spite of a high clinical suspicion. For this reason, ultrasonography (US) can be used as the first-line image work-up in some cases of parotid gland benign tumors. We experienced a case of a 60-year-old woman without underlying disease presenting a palpable parotid mass in which the initial CT examination was reported as 'no obvious mass detected'. However, the lesion was revealed in US and histologically confirmed as pleomorphic adenoma. The patient underwent superficial parotidectomy through modified facelift incision. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of invisible major salivary gland tumor on CT in the Korean literature.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.157-159
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• 2021

The diagnosis of a gluteal muscle tear or strain is based on clinical findings. However, for an accurate diagnosis, imaging examinations are also needed. Herein, we describe the case of a patient with a gluteus maximus muscle tear confirmed by ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 58-year-old woman complained of dull pain in the left lateral gluteal region that she had been experiencing for 8 days. In the axial US image, retraction of the left gluteus maximus muscle was noted around its insertion site in the iliotibial band. On an MRI, a partial tear in the left gluteus maximus was observed at its insertion site in the left iliotibial band. In addition, fluid infiltration due to edema and hemorrhage was observed. A partial left gluteal muscle tear was diagnosed. The patient was treated with physical therapy at the involved region and oral analgesics. She reported relief from the pain after 1 month of treatment. Based on this experience, we recommend US or MRI for accurate diagnosis of muscle tear or strain.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2023

Ultrasonography (US) is a primary imaging modality for diagnosing nodular thyroid disease and has an essential role in identifying the most appropriate management strategy for patients with nodular thyroid disease. Standardized imaging techniques and reporting formats for thyroid US are necessary. For this purpose, the Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) organized a task force in June 2021 and developed recommendations for standardized imaging technique and reporting format, based on the 2021 KSThR consensus statement and recommendations for US-based diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules. The goal was to achieve an expert consensus applicable to clinical practice.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.947-955
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• 2019

Degenerating nodules (DNs), which primarily manifest as benign thyroid nodules, are one of the main causes of discordance in ultrasonography (US) and cytological assessments. Intranodular hemorrhage is one of the mechanisms contributing to discordant nodules, and an impaired blood supply may explain further DN shrinkage and infarction. The surgical specimens can be divided into acute and chronic stages based on the histological changes, which usually mimic the US features of malignant tumors. Serial US follow-up should be recommended instead of other unnecessary procedures. However, repeated fine-needle aspiration, diagnostic surgery, or core-needle biopsy may still be necessary for indeterminable or highly suspicious DNs.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2012

Septic arthritis of the elbow is a rare, but serious disorder in neonates. However, neonates often present with few systemic signs other than irritability or poor feeding. When the clinical findings are minimal or absent, joint aspiration gives us helpful information in making a diagnosis. Although many clinicians rely on its result, we experienced a case of early clotted joint effusion, which resulted negative joint aspiration in a neonate with septic elbow arthritis. Ultrasonography helped us to make an early decision to perform surgical intervention as showing different echogenicity of intracapsular portion from generally presented in septic effusion. Presenting case shows that ultrasonography can be an excellent second step examination of neonatal elbow presenting atypical clinical findings of septic arthritis.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.86-90
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• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate the differences between blindly and ultrasonography (US)-guided during multiple needling and dextrose injection technique for calcific tendinitis of shoulder. Materials and Methods: We chose 36 symptomatic calcific tendinitis patients, whose age ranged from 27 to 69. Our procedures were multiple needling and injection of dextrose over the lesion of calcific deposits. The bind injection group were 19 patients whose age ranged from 27 to 64-year-old (mean 52.2), and the US-guided injection group were 17 patients ranged from 31 to 69-year-old (mean 49.0). We compare these groups by VAS (visual analogue scale) and range of motion before and after procedures. Results: There is no difference between two groups in VAS and ROM before procedure (p>0.05). Two groups revealed significant improvement without limitation of shoulder function, however, the group under US-guided revealed better results than under blind (VAS:p=0.001, Flexion:p=0.000, Abduction:p=0.000, External rotation: p=0.016). Conclusion: Ultrasonography-guided procedure showed better results than blind, so the use of ultrasonography is more promising procedure.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.120-124
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• 1998

The incidence of Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) in premature infants is rare, the presentation is not typical, and the diagnosis delayed due to uncertain diagnostic criteria in abdominal ultrasonography (US). We report two premature infants with HPS diagnosed by US and upper gastrointestinal (UGI) contrast study. Patient 1. A premature female infant (birth weight 1950 gm at 34 week's gestation) with the onset of intermittent vomiting at 9 days of age was evaluated. US was normal at 13 days of life, however, abnormal at 41 days of life (pyloric muscle length 16.5 mm). Patient 2. A premature male infant (birth weight 1470 gm at 29 week's gestation) with the onset of intermittent vomiting at 10 days of age was evaluated. US showed pylorospasm at 11 days of life, however, findings compatible with HPS at 57 days of life (pyloric muscle thickness 11 mm). UGI contrast study at 48 days of life showed similar findings in both cases. Both patients had undergone pyloromyotomy. In conclusion, the diagnosis of HPS in premature infants requires careful follow-up by US and UGI contrast study.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.49-54
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• 2010

The reliability of the thickness measurement of the lumbar multifidus (LMD using real-time ultrasonography (US) was determined in only the superficial fiber of the lumbar multifidus (SM). However, previous studies have not examined the reliability of the deep fiber of the LM (DM). The purpose of this study was to determine the intrarater and the interrater reliability of the thickness measurements of DM using US. Eleven heathy males participated in the study. The thickness of the DM was measured with an US in the prone position. Reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error of the measurement (SEM), and the Bland and Altman plot. ICC(3,1) was used to calculate the interrater reliability of the thickness measurement of DM using the values from both the first and second test sessions. Additionally, ICC(3,1) was used to calculate the intrarater reliability of the measurements over two days using the measurements obtained in test session 1 and lest session 2. The results of this study were as follows: 1) the ICC(3,1) value for interrater reliability was .94 in the first test session, and .93 in the second test session. 2) the ICC(3,1) values for intrarater reliability of the measurements over two days was .90 in both the first examiner and the second examiner. The interrater reliability and interrater reliability of the DM measurements, obtained via the US protocol used in this research was excellent. Therefore, we conclude that the thickness measurement of the DM obtaioned from the US protocol used in this research would be useful for clinician assessment of the thickness of the DM.