• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.317-328
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• 2016

이 연구의 목적은 내부양생을 위한 고흡수성 수지(SAP)의 혼입이 초고성능 콘크리트(UHPC)의 수화특성, 자기수축, 내구성 및 역학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 입도범위는 유사하지만 화학적 구조가 다른 2 종류의 SAP이 선택되었고, 이러한 SAP이 혼입된 UHPC의 성능이 실험을 통해 평가되었다. 평가결과는 SAP의 종류, 그리고 혼입 여부에 따라 비교되었다. 수화반응성과 수화생성물 확인을 위해 등온열량계 및 XRD를 이용한 실험이 각각 진행되었고, 이 실험을 통해 초기 재령일에서 수화반응성 및 장기 재령일에서의 수화생성물을 확인하였다. UHPC의 수축저감제로서 SAP의 적용 가능성을 확인하기 위해 자기수축 변형율, 압축강도 및 염분침투성을 측정하였다. 또한, SEM 이미지 촬영을 통해 SAP이 UHPC 내부에서 형성한 공극을 실제로 확인하고 분석하였다. 이러한 분석 및 평가결과를 통해, SAP을 이용한 내부양생은 역학적 성능과 내구성 저하 없이 UHPC의 자기수축을 저감시킬 수 있다는 결론을 내렸다. 실험에 사용된 두 종류의 SAP 중에서, UHPC 내부에서 흡수력이 더 우수한 SAP_AM이 SAP_AA 보다 수축저감성능 뿐만 아니라, 장기적인 수화반응성, 압축강도, 염분침투 저항력에서도 성능이 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.4146-4158
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• 2022

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has been widely utilized in military and civil protective structures to resist intensive loadings attributed to its excellent properties, e.g., high tensile/compressive strength, high dynamic toughness and impact resistance. At present, aiming to improve the defects of the traditional vertical concrete cask (VCC), i.e., the external storage facility of spent fuel, with normal strength concrete (NSC) shield, e.g., heavy weight and difficult to fabricate/transform, the feasibility of UHPC applied in the shield of VCC is numerically examined considering its high radiation and corrosion resistance. Firstly, the finite element (FE) analyses approach and material model parameters of NSC and UHPC are verified based on the 1/3 scaled VCC tip-over test and drop hammer test on UHPC members, respectively. Then, the refined FE model of prototypical VCC is established and utilized to examine its dynamic behaviors and damage distribution in accidental tip-over and end-drop events, in which the various influential factors, e.g., UHPC shield thickness, concrete ground thickness, and sealing methods of steel container are considered. In conclusion, by quantitatively evaluating the safety of VCC in terms of the shield damage and vibrations, it is found that adopting the 300 mm-thick UHPC shield instead of the conventional 650 mm-thick NSC shield can reduce about 1/3 of the total weight of VCC, i.e., about 50 t, and 37% floor space, as well as guarantee the structural integrity of VCC during the accidental drop simultaneously. Besides, based on the parametric analyses, the thickness of concrete ground in the VCC storage site is recommended as less than 500 mm, and the welded connection is recommended for the sealing method of steel containers.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제81권5호
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• pp.551-563
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• 2022

Bolted connector could be an alternative to replace the conventional welded headed stud in steel-ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) lightweight composite structures. In this paper, a novel demountable bolted shear connector, consisting of a high-strength bolt (HSB) and a specially-designed nut which is pre-embedded in a thin UHPC slab, is proposed, which may result in the quick installation and disassembly, due to the mountable, demountable and reusable features. In order to study the shear behavior of the new type of bolted shear connector, static push-out tests were conducted on five groups of the novel demountable bolted shear connector specimens and one group of conventional welded headed stud specimen for comparison. The effect of the bolt shank diameter and aspect ratio of bolt on failure mode, shear stiffness, peak slip at the steel-UHPC interface, shear strength and ductility of novel bolted connectors is investigated. Additionally, design formula for the shear strength is proposed to check the suitability for assessment of the novel demountable bolted shear connectors.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.487-498
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• 2023

The present study investigated the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with an ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) panel having various thicknesses. Two fabrication methods were introduced in this study; one was the direct casting of UHPC onto the bottom surface of the RC beams (I-series), and the other was the attachment of a prefabricated UHPC panel using an adhesive (E-series). UHPC panels having thicknesses of 10, 30, 50, and 70 mm were applied to RC beams, and these specimens were subjected to four-point loading to assess the effect of the UHPC thickness on the flexural strengthening of RC beams. The test results indicated that the peak strength and initial stiffness were vastly enhanced with an increase in the thickness of the UHPC panel, showing an improved energy dissipation capacity. In particular, the peak strength of the E-series specimens was higher than that of I-series specimens, showing high compatibility between the RC beam and the UHPC panel. The experimental test results were comparatively explored with a discussion of numerical analysis. Numerical analysis results showed that the predictions are in fair agreement with experimental results.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2018년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.275-276
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• 2018

Ultra high performance concrete(UHPC) represents high early age autogenous shrinkage strain due to its low water-to-binder ratio(W/B) and high fineness admixture usage. It has been reported that fiber can control restrained tensile stress and crack. The purpose of the present study is, therefore, to investigate the autogenous shrinkage as well as mechanical properties including compressive strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity on the UHPC with fiber type and pre-mix of binder.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.389-401
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• 2022

This study investigated the flowability and mechanical properties of cost-effective steel fiber reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) by using locally available materials for field-cast application. To examine the effect of mixture constituents, five mixtures with different fractions of silica fume, silica powder, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), silica sand, and crushed natural sand were proportionally prepared. Comprehensive experiments for different mixture designs were conducted to evaluate the fresh- and hardened-state properties of self-consolidating UHPC. The results showed that the proposed UHPC had similar mechanical properties compared with conventional UHPC while the flow retention over time was enhanced so that the field-cast application seemed appropriately cost-effective. The self-consolidating UHPC with high flowability and low viscosity takes less total mixing time than conventional UHPC up to 6.7 times. The X-ray computed tomographic imaging was performed to investigate the steel fiber distribution inside the UHPC by visualizing the spatial distribution of steel fibers well. Finally, the tensile stress-strain curve for the proposed UHPC was proposed for the implementation to the structural analysis and design.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.433-439
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 높은 역학적, 내구적 성능이 확보된 UHPC(Ultra High Performance Concrete) 배합을 기반으로 보수재료를 개발하기 위해 일반 콘크리트 보수면을 대상으로 부착성능을 평가하였다. 보수 대상 모체의 표면의 거칠기와 습윤 상태 그리고 보수재료 배합에 폴리머 혼입 및 PP, PVA 섬유 사용을 고려하여 총 10가지 시험 변수를 적용하였다. 폴리머를 혼입함에 따라 큰 폭의 강도 저하가 발생하였으며 이는 워커빌리티 조정을 위해 추가로 사용한 감수제의 영향으로 사료된다. 또한 플라스틱 계열 섬유를 혼입함에 따라 플로우가 최대 13.8 % 감소하였다. 부착면의 상태를 고려한 보수재료의 부착 강도 평가 결과 UHPC 기반 보수재료를 사용하는 경우 보수 대상 모체의 표면이 건전하다면 별도의 면 처리 작업 없이 높은 부착성능을 확보할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 UHPC 기반 보수재료는 부착면의 습윤하더라도 높은 부착성능을 나타내었다. 추후 UHPC 기반 보수재료의 개발을 위해 숏크리트 적용과 구배 타설에 대한 연구가 진행될 예정이며 콘크리트 구조 보수재료로써의 경제성과 성능 확보를 위해 지속적인 보수재료 배합 개선이 수행될 계획이다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2013

초고성능 콘크리트(UHPC: Ultra-High Performance Concrete)는 최근 국내외에서 연구가 가장 활발한 분야 중 하나로서 구조물의 장수명화와 경제성 제고에 기여하고 있다. 품질관리 및 공사기간 단축을 위해서는 공장에서 제작된 프리캐스트 방식의 초고성능 콘크리트가 유리하지만, 이 경우에도 프리캐스트 세그먼트 간의 이음부 등 부득이 현장타설로 시공되어야 하는 부분이 존재한다. 그러나 현장타설 시에는 공장 제작 시와는 달리 최적의 양생 조건을 구현하기 어려울 가능성이 크다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 현장에서 예상되는 여러 가지의 열악한 양생 조건을 가정하였을 때 초고성능 콘크리트의 압축강도 발현 경향을 실험적으로 규명하였다. 양생온도, 양생 전 지연시간, 양생 지속시간, 수분 공급 조건을 변수로 두어 공시체를 제작한 후 표준적인 고온습윤양생으로 제작된 공시체의 강도와 비교하였다. 실험 결과를 분석하여 현장에서 타설된 초고성능 콘크리트를 양생할 때 요구되는 최소한의 조건을 제안하였다. 이 연구를 통해 초고성능 콘크리트의 현장에서의 활용도를 더욱 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.605-617
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• 2020

In this study, the experimental tests for the direct tensile strength measurement of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) were numerically modeled by using the discrete element method (circle type element) and Finite Element Method (FEM). The experimental tests used for the laboratory tensile strength measurement is the Compressive-to-Tensile Load Conversion (CTLC) device. In this paper, the failure process including the cracks initiation, propagation and coalescence studied and then the direct tensile strength of the UHPC specimens measured by the novel apparatus i.e., CTLC device. For this purpose, the UHPC member (each containing a central hole) prepared, and situated in the CTLC device which in turn placed in the universal testing machine. The direct tensile strength of the member is measured due to the direct tensile stress which is applied to this specimen by the CTLC device. This novel device transferring the applied compressive load to that of the tensile during the testing process. The UHPC beam specimen of size 150 × 60 × 190 mm and internal hole of 75 × 60 mm was used in this study. The rate of the applied compressive load to CTLC device through the universal testing machine was 0.02 MPa/s. The direct tensile strength of UHPC was found using a new formula based on the present analyses. The numerical simulation given in this study gives the tensile strength and failure behavior of the UHPC very close to those obtained experimentally by the CTLC device implemented in the universal testing machine. The percent variation between experimental results and numerical results was found as nearly 2%. PFC2D simulations of the direct tensile strength measuring specimen and ABAQUS simulation of the tested CTLC specimens both demonstrate the validity and capability of the proposed testing procedure for the direct tensile strength measurement of UHPC specimens.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 가을학술발표대회논문집
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• pp.149-150
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• 2023

This study proposes the most suitable strength prediction model equation for UHPC by calculating the apparent activation energy of UHPC according to the curing temperature and deriving the integrated temperature and compressive strength prediction equation. The results are summarized as follows. The apparent activation energy was calculated using the Arrhenius function, which was calculated as 21.09 KJ/mol. A model equation suitable for UHPC was calculated, and when the Flowman model equation was used, it was confirmed that it was suitable for the properties of UHPC using a condensation promoting super plasticizing agent.