• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2004

참나무는 소나무와 함께 우리나라의 대표적 수종이나 아름다운 목리에도 불구하고 건조가 어려워 다양하게 사용되지 못하였다. 본 연구를 통해 굴참나무 판재와 원판의 효율적 건조방법을 찾고자 노력하였다. 먼저 마구리 도포제 효과를 조사한 결과 4가지 마구리 도포제 중 PVAc 접착제를 두껍게 도포한 것이 가장 좋은 효과를 나타냈다. 천연건조속도는 1.2%MC/일로 미농무성(USDA)의 안전건조속도(safe drying rate) 1-3%MC/일을 초과하지 않았다. 본 연구에 사용된 USDA의 참나무 열기건조 스케쥴은 천연건조된 국산굴참나무재를 내부 할열없이 함수율 8%까지 건조하는데 효과적이었다. pallet형 잔목을 사용하여 참나무 원판의 V-크랙을 막고자 하였으나 성공하지 못했다. 그러나 일반 잔목 건조에 비해 V-크랙의 갈라진 면이 깨끗했으며 다른 할열은 거의 발생하지 않았다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2009

The objectives of this paper were to estimate cell based pollutant loadings for total maximum daily load (TMDL) programs and to evaluate the applicability of the agricultural nonpoint source (AGNPS) model for an intensive agricultural watershed in Korea. The model was calibrated and validated at a watershed of 384.8 ha of drainage area using the observed data from 1996 through 2000 in terms of runoff, suspended solid, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus on a hourly basis. Analysis of spatial variations of pollutant loadings for rainfall frequencies of various intensities and durations were conducted. In addition, the validated model was applied to estimated the TMDL removal efficiency for best management practices (BMPs) scenarios which were selected by taking into account the pollutant characteristics of the study watershed. The model can help to understand the problems and to find solutions through landuse changes and BMPs. Thus, the method used for this study was able to identify TMDL quantitatively as well as qualitatively for various sources pollution that are spatially dispersed. Also it provides an assessment of the impact of BMPs on the water bodies studied, allowing the TMDL programs to be complemented more effectively.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.2
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• pp.265-270
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• 2006

This paper reports an improved headspace gas chromatographic method for the determination of carboxyl group content in wood fibers. Pretreatment of wood fibers was applied using dilute HCl to convert carboxyl groups to carboxylic acid groups and then using deionized water to wash fiber samples thoroughly. The samples were finally air dried. Sodium bicarbonate solution was used to react with carboxylic acid groups of the pretreated fibers in a closed testing vial to release carbon dioxide. The content of carboxyl groups in fibers was accurately quantified by determining the amount of carbon dioxide released by a headspace gas chromatograph equipped with a thermal conductivity detector. The modified process for fiber sample pretreatment increased the reliability and accuracy in measuring carboxylic acid groups. The present method is simple, accurate.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1985

Bacillus thuringiensis 변종(變種)들로부터 Extrachromosomal DNA를 추출분리(抽出分離)코저 종래(從來)의 방법(方法)을 보완(補完)하여 적용(適用)한바 분자량(分子量)의 크기가 1 Megadalton에서 135 Megadalton에 이르는 plasmid들을 분리(分離)함에 보다 효과적(效果的)이었고 또 이 plasmid들을 이용(利用), 제한효소(制限酵素)에 의(依)한 유전자배열작성(遺傳子配列作成) 및 gene Cloning을 하는데 비교적(比較的) 안정(安定)된 많은 양(量)의 세포용해물(細胞溶解物)을 얻을 수 있었다. 파리목과 나비목에 각기(各其) 독성(毒性)이 다른 Bacillus thuringiensis 6개(個) 변종(變種)으로부터 plasmid들을 분리(分離)한 결과(結果) 분자량(分子量)이 큰 50 Megadalton 이상(以上)의 plasmid들이 공시(供試) 된 모든 변종(變種)으로부터 추출(抽出)되었으며 이들 plasmid의 수(數)를 보면 israelensis로부터 8개(個) kurstaki로부터 10개(個) $aizawa{\ddot{u}}$로부터 13개(個) dendrolimus로부터 2개(個), finitimus로부터 1개(個) 그리고 yunnanensis로부터 6개(個)가 각각(各各) 검출(檢出)되었다. 공시(供試)된 변종중(變種中) 4개(個)의 변종(變種)으로부터는 2 Megadalton 이하(以下)의 적은 plasmid들도 추출(抽出)되었다.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1511-1511
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• 2001

Energy content, expressed as calories per gram, is an important part of the evaluation and marketing of foods in developed countries. Currently accepted methods of measurement of energy by U.S. food labeling legislation include measurement of gross calories by bomb calorimetry with an adjustment for undigested protein and by calculation using specific factors for the energy values of protein, carbohydrate less the amount of insoluble dietary fiber, and total fat. The ability of NIRS to predict the energy value of diverse, processed and unprocessed cereal food products was investigated. NIR spectra of cereal products were obtained with an NIR Systems monochromator and the wavelength range used for analysis was 1104-2494 nm. Gross energy of the foods was measured by oxygen bomb calorimetry (Parr Manual No. 120) and expressed as calories per gram (CPGI, range 4.05-5.49 cal/g). Energy value was adjusted for undigested protein (CPG2, range 3.99-5.38 cal/g) and undigested protein and insoluble dietary fiber (CPG3, range 2.42-5.35 cal/g). Using a multivariate analysis software package (ISI International, Inc.) partial least squares models were developed for the prediction of energy content. The standard error of cross validation and multiple coefficient of determination for CPGI using modified partial least squares regression (n=127) was 0.060 cal/g and 0.95, respectively, and the standard error of performance, coefficient of determination, bias and slope using an independent validation set (n=59) were 0.057 cal/g, 0.98, -0.027 cal/g and 1.05 respectively. The PLS loading for factor 1 (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.92) had significant absorption peaks correlated to C-H stretch groups in lipid at 1722/1764 nm and 2304/2346 nm and O-H groups in carbohydrate at 1434 and 2076 nm. Thus the model appeared to be predominantly influenced by lipid and carbohydrate. Models for CPG2 and CPG3 showed similar trends with standard errors of performance, using the independent validation set, of 0.058 and 0.088 cal/g, respectively, and coefficients of determination of 0.96. Thus NIRS provides a rapid and efficient method of predicting energy content of diverse cereal foods.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2001

This study was performed in order to produce the basic data for developing prediction techniques of desalinization to be applicable to reclaimed tidal lands at the beginning stage. the desalinization experiments were carried out by two water management practices, namely, the leaching method by subsurface drainage and the rinsing method by surface drainage. The 5 soil samples used in this study were collected in 4 tidal land reclamation projects. Regression equations were obtained in order to investigate the changes of electrical conductivity during the desalinization of reclaimed tidal lands and to estimate water requirements for desalinization. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows: 1. According to USDA Salinity Laboratory classification system of salt affected soils the reclaimed tidal land soils used in this study were saline-sodic soils with the high electrical conductivity and the high exchangeable sodium percentage. 2. With the increase of the water requirements for desalinization the electrical conductivity was decreased with high degree of correlationships and the desalinization effects were remakable in both the leaching method and the rinsing method. 3. In case of the leaching method the electrical conductivity had been reduced below the classification value of salt affected soils when the depth o water leached per unit depth of soil (Dwl/Ds) was 0.3 and the desalinization effects showed a tendency to be much the same in each treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2018

비목나무는 줄기가 곧고 직경이 40 cm까지 자라지만 아직 미사용되고 있다. 잘 알려지지 않은 수종을 이용하려면 먼저 그 수종의 열기건조스케쥴을 찾아야 한다. 비목나무의 열기건조스케쥴을 테라자와의 오븐급속건조법으로 추정하였으며, 열기건조 실험을 통해 검증하였다. 비목나무의 평균 생재함수율과 평균 생재비중은 각각 72.3%과 0.53이다. 테라자와의 오븐급속건조법을 사용하여 얻은 25 mm 두께 비목나무의 가장 안전한 건조조건은 초기건조온도 $50^{\circ}C$, 초기건습구온도차 $4^{\circ}C$, 말기건조온도 $75^{\circ}C$이다. 이러한 조건에 맞는 미임산물연구소 스케쥴은 T5-D4이다. 추정 열기건조스케쥴 T5-D4와 새로운 개량 열기건조스케쥴 T8-C5로 25 mm 판재를 건조한 결과, 모두 불가피하게 발생한 수심재터짐 이외에는 내부할렬과 틀어짐이 전혀 발생하지 않았다.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 추계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.490-494
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• 2008

We simulated a forest fire which was occurred in Yangyang area on 2005 and compared a results between two different weather conditions(real weather condition and mean weather condition since 1968) using FARSITE, which is a forest fire spread simulator for preventing and predicting fire in USDA. And, we researched a problem in the transition for introducing, so we serve the basic method for prevention and attacking fire. In the result, severe weather condition on 2005 effected a forest fire behavior. The rate of spread under real weather condition was about 4 times faster than mean weather condition. Damaged area was about 10 time than mean weather condition. Therefore, Climate change will make a more sever fire season. As we will encounter to need for accurate prediction in near future, it will be necessary to predict a forest fire linked with future wether and fuel condition.

• Near Infrared Analysis
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2000

The objectives of this study were to examine the ability to predict soluble solid and firmness in intact apple based on the visible/near-infrared spectroscopic technique. Two cultivars of apples, Delicious and Gala, were handled, tested and analyzed. Reflectance spectra, Magness-Taylor (MT) Firmness, and soluble solids in apples were measured sequentially. Maximum and minimum diameters, height, and weight of apples were recorded before the MT firmness tests. Apple samples were divided in to a calibration set and a validation set. The method of partial least squares (PLS) analysis was used. a unique set of PLS loading vectors (factors) was development for soluble solid and firmness. The PLS model showed good relationship between predicted and measured soluble solids in intact apples in the wavelength range of 860∼1078 nm. However, the PLS analysis was not good enough to predict the apple firmness.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2003년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.79-82
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• 2003

This study was performed in order to analyze the changes of electrical conductivity during the growing period in Saemangum reclaimed tidal lands soils. According to USDA Salinity Laboratory classification system of salt affected soils, the reclaimed tidal land soils used in this study were saline-sodic soils. As the results obtained from analying the changes of electrical conductivity(EC) during the growing period in reclaimed tidal land soils, EC of irrigation water and soils were no difference among the fertilization quanity, fertilization method and fertilization times.