• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2016

Purpose: This study examined thickness changes in abdominal muscles according to difficulty level of core stabilization exercise in healthy subjects. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects (age range: 21-30 years) volunteered under three conditions. In the first condition, the subjects performed an abdominal draw-in maneuver (ADIM). In the second condition, they performed the ADIM during quadruped exercise using a suspension device without extending their lower limbs. In the third condition, the subjects performed the ADIM during quadruped exercise using a suspension device while extending both lower limbs. The changes in thickness of transverse abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) muscles were measured by ultrasonography (US) imaging during the three experimental conditions, and US was used to measure the improvement ratio of muscle thickness at rest. The interventions were conducted over three trials in each condition, and measurements were performed on each subject by one examiner. Results: Our results showed a significantly greater increase in the muscle thickness of TrA and IO muscles after performance of quadruped exercise using a suspension device without knee extension (p<0.05) compared to the other conditions. The results also showed a significantly greater increase in the thickness changes of EO muscle in those who performed the ADIM during quadruped exercise using a suspension device with knee extension (p<0.05) compared with the ADIM only. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated positive evidence that a low-level core stabilization exercise could improve thickness of abdominal muscles.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1259-1277
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• 2018

최근 전 세계적으로 사이버위협이 일상화되었으며, 그 범위 또한 단순한 개인의 장난과 사이버 범죄 수준을 넘어 대규모 범죄조직과 국가 주체가 개입된 사이버 테러 및 전쟁으로 확대되고 있다. 이러한 흐름 속에서 빠르게 국가차원의 대응 전략을 세우지 않는다면 우리나라도 정보통신 강국에서 사이버보안 취약국의 지위로 순식간에 전락할 것이며, 우리의 발달한 정보통신망은 세계가 부러워하는 4차 산업혁명의 기반시설이 아니라 국민 생활에 큰 위협을 가져오는 공격의 매개체가 될 것이다. 국가적 차원에서의 사이버 보안은 민 관 군 등 다양한 주체들이 참여하여 다양한 분야의 위협정보를 신속히 공유하고 사고 예방을 위한 대비책을 마련하며 유사 시 유기적으로 대응할 수 있을 때 보장될 수 있다. 이러한 점에서 각 부처, 각 주체들의 역할과 책임, 권한이 명확하게 부여되어야 하며, 이를 관리 조율하며 소통할 수 있는 체제를 구축하기 위한 효과적인 국가 사이버보안 거버넌스의 수립이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구는 실용적이고 효율적인 차세대 국가 사이버보안 거버넌스의 정립을 위해 최근 국가 사이버보안 전략을 발표하여 사이버보안 거버넌스 체계를 신속히 정비해나가고 있는 미국, 독일, 영국, 일본, 중국 그리고 한국의 사이버보안 전략, 법령, 조직 및 추진 부처별 역할에 대한 분석을 실시한다. 특히 실질적인 거버넌스 구성을 파악하기 위해 국가의 주요 사이버보안 기능 분류 기준을 제안하고, 해당 분류 기준에 따라 국가 사이버보안 기능별 담당기관과 수행 전략을 분석한다. 본 연구는 해당 분석 결과를 바탕으로 국내 사이버보안 거버넌스 개선을 위한 시사점과 개선 방향을 제시하였다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 전장이나 재난 환경과 같은 인간이 투입되기 힘든 환경에서 인간을 대신하여 부상자 구조 및 위험물 처리 목적으로 개발된 구조로봇의 효율적 개발을 위한 통합 M&S 프레임워크를 소개한다. 개발된 통합 M&S 프레임워크는 계층화, 모듈화된 통합운동제어 소프트웨어의 구조에 기인하여 통합운동제어 소프트웨어 구조는 동일하게 이용하며 로봇 플랫폼을 시뮬레이션 프로그램으로 대체하여 SILS(Software-in-the-Loop Simulation) 개념의 M&S를 가능하게 하였다. 이를 활용하여 로봇 설계 및 로봇 제어 기술의 성능 검증 등의 개발 전 과정을 효율적으로 수행하였고, 비정형 환경에서의 원격 운용성 향상도 가져왔다. 통합 M&S 프레임워크의 적극적인 활용을 통해 구조로봇의 성공적인 개발 및 성능 확인을 완료하였으며, 구조로봇의 주요 기술 중 하나인 가변형상 제어를 통한 주행 안정화 기술 개발 과정에 적용된 통합 M&S 프레임워크의 사례를 통해 효용성을 확인한다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2021

Background: While the formal test has been used to provide a quantitative measurement of core stability, studies have reported inconsistent results regarding its test-retest and intraobserver reliabilities. Furthermore, the validity of the formal test has never been established. Objects: This study aimed to establish the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the formal test. Methods: Twenty-two young adults with and without core instability (23.1 ± 2.0 years) were recruited. Concurrent validity was determined by comparing the muscle thickness changes of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominal muscle to changes in core stability pressure during the formal test using ultrasound (US) imaging and pressure biofeedback, respectively. For the test-retest reliability, muscle thickness and pressure changes were repeatedly measured approximately 24 hours apart. Electromyography (EMG) was used to monitor trunk muscle activity during the formal test. Results: The Pearson's correlation analysis showed an excellent correlation between transverse abdominal thickness and pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) pressure as well as internal oblique thickness and PBU pressure, ranging from r = 0.856-0.980, p < 0.05. The test-retest reliability was good, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC1,2) = 0.876 for the core stability pressure measure and ICC1,2 = 0.939 to 0.989 for the abdominal muscle thickness measure. Conclusion: Our results provide clinical evidence that the formal test is valid and reliable, when concurrently incorporated into EMG and US measurements.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-44
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• 2007

대학 문헌정보학과의 사서교사 양성 과정과 관련한 독서교육 관련 교과목의 운용 체계와 문제점을 분석하고 개선방안을 제안하였다. 이를 위하여 미국 19개 문헌정보학 대학원의 독서교육 관련 교과목의 내용 구성과 전국 32개 대학 문헌정보학과의 독서교육 관련 교과목의 운용상태를 조사 분석하였다. 국내 대학에서 제공하는 독서교육 관련 과목들은 주로 독서지도(론) 또는 독서교육(론) 등의 명칭으로 32개교 중 28개교에서 개설되어 있었으며, 과목수는 45과목이었다. 각 대학에서 개설된 과목의 수를 살펴보면, 독서지도 관련 과목이 한 과목 이상 개설된 28개 학교 중 가장 많은 과목을 개설한 학교는 공주대 5개 과목, 계명대와 청주대가 각각 3과목씩 개설하고 있었다. 학교도서관 사서교사 양성을 위하여 13주 강의로 구성된 독서교육 강의계획서의 교육내용을 제안하였다: 세 가지 강조점인 다양한 독서자료의 구성, 독서교육방법, 독서치료에 관한 사항을 중심으로 내용을 구성하였다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2024

대부분 국가에서 계기비행 절차는 국제민간항공기구(ICAO)의 DOC 8168, 항행 서비스 및 운항 절차(PANS-OPS) 또는 미국 연방항공청(FAA)의 터미널 절차(TERPS) 중 한 가지 기준을 적용해 설계된다. 특히, 선회접근 절차는 두 기준이 서로 많은 차이를 갖고 있고, 미국 터미널 절차(TERPS)는 2013년 이후에는 고도에 따라 확장된 기준을 적용함으로써 더 복잡해졌다. 선회접근 절차는 착륙을 위해 항공기를 에너지가 낮은 상태에서 지면과 가깝게 기동하는 것을 포함하므로 직진접근 절차보다 더 위험에 노출된다. 본 연구에서는 이들 차이점을 정확하게 알기 위해 선회접근 절차가 국내의 개별 공항에 따라 어떤 기준에 의해 설계되었는지를 구분하고, 선회접근 기동 중 최소장애물 회피를 보장하는 선회접근 구역 범위를 위한 반경을 산출하고, 안전한 선회접근 절차 수행을 위한 방법을 제시한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2004

We compared the DNA sequences of the genus Metagonimus: M. yokogawai, M. takahashii, and M. miyatai. We obtained 288 D1 ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) fragments from the adult worms by PCR, that were cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic relationships inferred from the nucleotide sequences of the 28S D1 rDNA and mtCOI gene. M. takahashii and M. yokogawai are placed in the same clade supported by DNA sequence and phylogenie tree analysis in 28S D1 rDNA and mtCOI gene region. The above findings tell us that M. takahashii is closer to M. yokogawai than to M. miyatai genetically. This phylogenetic data also support the nomination of M. miyatai as a separate species.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.743-754
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• 2012

urpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the US II plus/GS II Osstem$^{(R)}$ implants through the study for the clinical success rate during the installation of the Osstem¢Á implants after bone graft. Materials and Methods : This study was researched in the 4 medical institutions: Chonnam National University, Chosun University, Bundang Seoul National University Hospital, and FM dental clinic from May, 2002 to September, 2009. Based on the total number of 60 patients whose treatment was the installation of the US II plus/GS II Osstem¢Á implants after bone graft, we evaluated success rate of implants. We analysis the distribution of patient's age and gender, edentulous area, bone type, fixture length and diameter, installation and loading time, donor site, bone graft material and method, antagonistic teeth, and survival and success rate. From these analyses we got the following results. Results : 1. In this study, the total number of patients who have been installed with US II plus implant was 27, and total of 52 implants were installed. The average age was 38.9, with 16 male, and 11 female patients. 2. The total number of patients who have been installed with GS II implant was 33, and total of 54 implants were installed. The average age was 49.7, with 24 male, and 9 female patients. 3. As for bone graft method, either autogenous bone or a mix of autogenous and heterogenous bone was used(88.4%) for US II plus. Chin, iliac, and Maxillary tuberosity were the donor sites for autogenous bone graft, and onlay method of bone graft was performed. 4. Allogenic bone or a mix of autogenous and heterogenous bone was used(77.8%) for GS II. Chin, ramus, and tibia were the donor sites for autogenous bone graft, and GBR method of bone graft was performed. 5. The duration from the installation of implants to setting of final prosthesis was average of 16 months and 10 months for US II plus and GS II respectively. Also, the final follow up period was average of 31 months and 28 months respectively. During this period, one GS II implant was removed from 1 patient due to failure of early osteointegration. 6. The survival rates were 100% and 98.1%, and success rates were 94.2% and 94.4% for US II plus and GS II implant respectively. Conclusion : On the evaluation of our clinical study, both US II plus and GS II Osstem¢Á implants showed the excellent clinical results after bone graft.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.7-28
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• 2008

Colin Rowe was an important historian, theorist and critic in Modern architecture. His significance in Modern architectural history lies in not only historiography which has changed our view of Modernism but deep theoretical involvement in practice. This study is a critical review and analysis on his formalist approach in Architecture. With a view that his position of formalist has indispensible relationship with liberalism from K. Popper's critical rationalism, this study try to show how his philosophical background has an influence upon his way of seeing architecture, history, form, urbanism, and meaning, etc. And this study also try to explain why the principle of architecture as an autonomous discipline which is the main point of view in Rowe's criticism has been so successful and influential. This study also explain what is the possibility and limitation of Rowe's formalist approach and way of reading buildings. His intelligent way of formal analysis can give us new understandings of how the form generates and the process of design goes on. Furthermore it guide us a new horizon of architecture as a language game. Since his early writings showed both side of formalist approach in architecture and it didn't changed a lot. We can understand his 'Collage City' was a his final answer to his formalist way of making architecture and urbanism. we can estemate it as a utopia without utopianism and an ideology without ideological color.

• 수도
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• 제24권5호통권86호
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• pp.16-28
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• 1997

As sewerage works has become one of the major public works in Korea, the employment of advanced and more appropriate sewerage technology has become essential to improve the efficiency of sewerage works. During last 10 years, the Korean Government has made tremendous amount of investment on sewerage works so that treatment plants in 58 cities have treatment capacity which is equivalent to 52.8% of total daily sewage generation in Korea. This remarkable development, however, has heavily depended on one technology, the conventional activated sludge process as more than 95% of the existing plants employ this process, Recently, the Korean Government and local authorities have plans to introduce more appropriate sewage treatment technologies and research and development in this area has become very active. To encourage employing new and appropriate technologies, however, the proper technology evaluation and verification program for new process is needed. The public sector should play a key role in this program since the sewerage works is one of the major public works. In this paper, the technology evaluation and verification programs related with sewerage facilities in the US and Japan are briefly reviewed. The Innovatived and Alternative Technology programs which was operated by US EPA until recently and Environmental Technology Verification(ETV) program which was commenced in 1995 are introduced. The technology verification programs operated in Japan and also in Korea are also reviewed in this paper to propose a future direction for development of the appropriate evaluation and verification system.