• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.5-18
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• 2010

Library and information research is often directed towards either the management of resources (e.g., the economics of resource management), their storage and retrieval (e.g., much information retrieval research), and the users of these resources (the whole area of information behaviour. However, the question that is less often asked is, "What research do librarians want to have carried out to help them in their work?" Clearly, some of the topics just mentioned will fall into the priority areas, but what do librarians actually perceive will be of use to them. There is a notion that a research-practice gap exists in the field and perhaps the reason for that is that researchers do not ask the practioners what research will be of value to them. To find an answer to this question on a global basis would, of course, be impossible - at least impossible without the level of funding that would be difficult to obtain from any source. However, it is possible to carry out research on a national level that could prove useful both to practitioners and to the library and information research community. This was the aim of a project, supported by the Svensk Biblioteksf$\"{o}$rening (Swedish Library Association), which was carried out in 2008/2009. Ideas on potential research projects were collected from librarians themselves, from discussion group archives and from the professional journals in a number of countries. These ideas were then grouped thematically and formed the basis of two rounds of a Delphi process to solicit the opinions of a panel of librarians in different sectors, recommended by their peers as 'expert' in their field. The Delphi process was concluded with a workshop involving a subset of the panel. This paper will report on the results of the investigation, which attracted a great deal of interest within the profession in Sweden, and will also reflect on issues that were ranked lowly in the investigation. For example, not a great deal of priority was given to topics relating to the development and use of technology: why was this? And would the same result be found in other countries? One major area of research interest was into the future of libraries and a topic of relevance here, especially for academic and research libraries, is the changing information behaviour of researchers: what, now, do researchers want of libraries? Clearly, technology is playing a role here, but digitized resources and the World Wide Web may not be the answer to every researcher's need. Research into libraries and research for libraries ought to figure largely in the profession's view of its aims, objectives and visions of the future: but for it to do so requires a recognition that the work will not be done unless researchers and practitioners come together to determine how to approach the future.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3785-3792
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• 2015

The CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha (CEBPA) is a transcriptional factor that plays a crucial role in the control of proliferation and differentiation of myeloid precursors. This gene was recognized as the target of genetic alterations and were associated with clinical complexity among AML. We here analyze the frequency and types of CEBPA mutations and polymorphisms in a de novo AML patients from South India and tried to find out associations of these variations with different clinical parameters and the prognostic significance in AML. Study was carried out in 248 de novo AML patients, cytogenetic analysis was performed from the bone marrow samples and was karyotyped. PCR-SSCP analysis and sequencing was performed for the detection of CEBPA gene variations. All the statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17 (statistical package for social sciences) software. Pearson Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log rank tests were performed. CEBPA mutations were detected in 18% and CEBPA polymorphisms were detected in 18.9% of AML cases studied. Most of the mutations occured at the C terminal region. Polymorphisms were detected in both N and C terminal region. with most common being, c.584_589dup ACCCGC and c.690G>T. A significant association was not observed for the mutation and polymorphism with respect to clinical and laboratory parameters. Survival advantage was observed for the mutated cases compared to non mutated cases, especially for the normal karyotype groups. Polymorphisms has no effect on the survival pattern of AML patients. CEBPA mutation and polymorphisms were observed with similar frequency and was identified in all the FAB subtypes as well as in cytogenetic risk groups in our study population, but CEBPA mutations alone confer a prognostic value for NK AML patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7789-7794
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• 2015

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a community-based health education and communication programme on reducing liver fluke infections caused by the consumption of uncooked fish among people in a high-risk area of Thailand. Materials and Methods: The study was quasi-experimental in nature, with three-stages. Stage 1 involved a situational and capacity analysis of designated communities in Khon Kaen province. This was followed by the development of a model for community-based health education and communication to prevent liver fluke infections among high-risk people, and, lastly, implementation and evaluation of the model were performed. Data were collected using both qualitative and quantitative methods. In total, 390 people were surveyed, and quasi-experimental and comparison groups, each with 90 people, were assessed between May 2011 and April 2012. Analysis was using statistical OR, 95 % CI, the Willcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test, the chi-square test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The findings showed that most respondents had a high level of knowledge and understanding of liver fluke disease (89.5%, 95% CI:86.0-92.4), and positive attitudes toward the prevention of the disease (94.4%, 95% CI:91.6-96.4). However, with regard to changes in consumption of uncooked fish, most respondents were still in the pre-contemplation phase (55.1%, 95% CI:50.0-60.1), followed by the contemplation phase, 22.6%. Furthermore, four factors were found to be associated with the consumption of uncooked fish - the consumption of alcohol (OR 4.16, 95% CI:1.79-9.65), gender (OR 3.17, 95% CI:1.53-6.54), smoking (OR 3.03, 95% CI:1.31-7.05), and age 40 years and above (OR 2.68, 95% CI:1.02-7.05). After nine months of the health education and communication programme using local media based on local wisdom, culture and persons, the results showed that, compared to the control group, members of the experimental group had a higher level of knowledge, a better attitude and lower levels of ill-advised consumption behaviour. Also, it was found that consumption of uncooked fish, by an assessment of the level of stage of change, was reduced. (p-value 0.002). Conclusions: The health education and communication programme developed as part of the study was effective in changing the consumption of uncooked fish. Therefore, this approach should be promoted in other high-risk areas in Thailand in the future.

• 지구물리
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2000

총 22개의 지진발생기록(event)을 이용하여 3-D Spectrogram을 분석한 결과 대체적으로 인공지진의 경우 자연지진과 비교해 볼 때 P파의 에너지가 우세하게 나타난다. 자유표면 효과 보정을 수행한 후 15개 주파수 대역을 사용하여 P (Pn, Pg)/Lg 스펙트럼 비의 상용대수를 계산한 결과 자연지진의 경우 대체로 스펙트림 비의 상용대수가 $-1.2{\sim}-0.9$의 값, 인공지진의 경우는 대체로 $-0.7{\sim}-0.1$의 값을 보여주고 있다. 이는 -0.6의 스펙트럼 비의 상용대수 값이 자연지진과 인공지진을 구별하기 위한 기준이 될 수 있다는 연구 결과(Kim Park, 1997)와도 잘 일치하고 있다. 자연지진과 인공지진으로 추정되는 2개의 지진발생기록에 대해 추가로 Complexity를 계산해 본 결과 인공지진의 Complexity 값이 자연지진의 Complexity 값과 비효해 볼 때 현저히 작은 값을 보여주고 있다. 이는 상대적으로 인공지진의 경우 P파의 발달이 우세하기 때문인 것으로 사료되며 앞에서 계산한 3-D Spectrogram 분석 견과와도 잘 일치하는 것이다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2019

한국인 성인을 대상으로 최적의 포먼트 분석이 가능하도록 자동화된 프랏 스크립트를 구현하였다. 최적의 포먼트 분석이란 프랏에서 포먼트 분석 시 설정하는 2가지 세팅 파라미터(최대 포먼트, 포먼트 개수)를 조합하여 측정된 제1, 제2 포먼트의 편차합이 최소일 때를 가리킨다. 포먼트 분석의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해서는 성별이나 모음의 종류에 따라 LPC 차수를 다르게 설정해야 하는데 프랏 매뉴얼에서는 최대 포먼트 설정 값으로 남성 5,000 Hz, 여성 5,500 Hz, 측정개수는 5개를 권고한다. 그러나 이렇게 권고된 포먼트 세팅 설정이 한국어 모음에 대해서도 타당한지 검증이 필요하다. 본 연구에서 구현한 4가지 스크립트를 적용한 결과, 각 모음별 포먼트 산점도로 확인하였을 때 특히 여성의 경우 스크립트에 따라 측정된 포먼트 변이의 폭이 두드러지는 차이를 보였다. 포먼트 산점도와 통계 결과를 통해 linear_script와 qtone_script가 포먼트 측정에서 더 신뢰성이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. Linear_script, qtone_script에서 최적의 세팅으로 설정된 최대 포먼트와 포먼트 개수의 데이터 경향성을 살펴보면, 전설 모음 [이, 에]의 경우 권고 설정보다 최대 포먼트 값은 높게, 포먼트 개수의 값은 적게 설정되었다. 반면 후설모음 [오, 우]의 경우, 권고 설정보다 최대 포먼트 값은 낮게, 포먼트 개수의 값은 많게 설정되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 1997

전립선특이 항원 (PSA: Prostate Specific Antigen)은 전립선 세포에서 분비되는 단백질로서 장기 특이성이 높아 전립선암의 조기진단 및 치료의 예후를 판단하기 위해 임상에서 널리 사용되고 있는 혈청 종양표지검사의 대상항원이다. 그러나 혈청 PSA치는 전립선암 뿐 아니라 양성 전립선질환인 전립선비대증 (BPH), 전립선 경색, 전립선 염증 등에서도 상승될 수 있다. 혈청 내의 PSA는 여러 가지 분자형태로 이루어져 있으며 대표적으로 ${alpha}_1$-antichymotrypsin과 결합된 결합형 PSA(PSA-ACT)와 유리형 PSA (free PSA)로 나눌 수 있다. 전립선 암 환자의 혈청에는 결합형 PSA가 95% 이상으로 매우 높고 유리형 PSA의 분포는 매우 작은 반면 전립성비대증에서는 유리형 PSA의 농도가 높아지므로, 결합형 PSA와 동시에 유리형 PSA를 측정하면 종양표지검사로서의 특이성과 예민도를 높일 수 있다는 보고가 있어, 최근 혈청내의 유리형 PSA의 측정의 중요성이 임상적으로 대두되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 sandwich 원리로 유리형 PSA 효소면역 측정법 (EIA) kit를 개발하고 그 유용성을 검토한 결과, 고, 저 농도에서의 일내, 일간 변이 계수 (CV)는 4% 이하였으며 상품화된 free PSA kit와 비교하였을 때 두 방법간의 상관계수는 0.9965으로 매우 양호하였다. 또한 농도가 높은 세 환자의 검체를 희석하여 직선성 검사를 하였을 때 상관계수가 모두 0.995이상으로 나타났다. 또한 microplate 법에서 문제될 수 있는 hook effect는 유리형 PSA농도가 40 ng/mL까지 나타나지 않았으며, 98.9%~104.1%의 회수율을 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 면역측정법 kit는 혈청 중의 유리형 PSA를 정확하고 간편하게 분석할 수 있으므로 임상 실험실에서 전립선암이나 전립선질환의 진단 및 치료효과의 판정에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.87-99
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• 1982

R.C.도로교(道路橋) 상부구조(上部構造)의 신뢰성(信賴性) 설계(設計) 기준(基準) 제안(提案)는 것이 본(本) 연구(硏究)의 주요 내요(內容)이다. T형 및 4각형 단면(斷面)의 저항(抵抗) 불확실량(不確實量)과 교량사하중(橋梁死荷重) 및 교통활하중(交通活荷重)에 대한 불확실량(不確實量) 우리의 현실(現實)을 반영하는 적절(適切)한 값으로 제안(提案)하였다. Cornell의 MFOSM과 Lind Hasofer의 AFOSM을 포함하는 주요 2차(次)모멘트 신뢰성(信賴性) 이론(理論)을 비교(比較) 분석(分析)하므로서 Elllngwood의 반복시행(反復試行) 알고리즘과 대수정규형(對數正規型) 근사공식(近似公式)을 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 제안(提案)하는 신뢰성(信賴性) 해석(解析) 및 설계기준(設計基準)의 유도에 사용함이 적절(適切)하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 현행(現行) 도로교(道路橋) 설계규준(設計規準)에 따라 Calibration 하므로서 목표신뢰성지수(目標信賴性指數) ${\beta}_0=3.5$를 우리의 현실(現實)을 반영하는 최적치(最適値)로 선택(選擇)하였다. 상기(上記)한 불확실량(不確實量) 해석(解析) 이론(理論)에 의해 ${\beta}_0=3.5$에 대응(對應)하는 하중(荷重) 및 저항계수(抵抗係數)를 유도하였다. 그리고 현행(現行) WSD 도로교(道路橋) 설계(設計) 규준(規準)을 위해 신뢰성(信賴性) 이론(理論)에 의한 공칭안전율(公稱安全率)과 허용응력(許容應力)을 제안(提案)하였다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 제안(提案)하는 R.C.도로교(道路橋)의 LRFD 신뢰성(信賴性) 설계기준(設計基準) 현행(現行) R.C.표준설계(標準設計) 시방서(示方書)의 규준(規準)에 대응(對應)하는 설계기준(設計基準)으로 도입(導入)함이 바람직하다는 사실(事實) 확인(確認)할 수 있었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1996

Streptococcus mutans has been implicated as primary causative agents of dental caries by insoluble glucan (IG) in human and experimental animals. An attempt was made to search for the ${\alpha}$-1,3 glucanase that degrades IG produced by S. mutans. ${\alpha}$-1,3 glucanase was detected in the culture supernatant of microorganisms, which are isolated from soils on agar medium containing IG as a sole carbon source. This Streptomyces sp. hydrolysed IG produced by immobilized S. mutans and was named as Y9373. This enzyme required ${\alpha}$-1,3 glucan (IG) as an inducer. The optimum conditions for enzyme production were studied. The enzyme was purified by 30~70% $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ precipitation, anion exchange chroma tography on DEAE-cellulose and gel filtration on Sepadex G-75. The purified enzyme has a specific activity of 7840.0 U/mg protein giving 32.1-fold purification and final yield of 0.53%. The molecular weight was estimated to be about 22.5 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme reaction were 6.5 and 37$^{\circ}C$, respectively and the enzyme was relatively stable at the temperature below 60$^{\circ}C$. The activity of purified enzyme was enhanced by adding $Co^{2+},\;Mn^{2+}\;and\;Mg^{2+}$ into the medium, whereas inhibited by adding $Hg^{2+},\;Zn^{2+}$ and SDS. The $K_m\;and\;V_{max}$ value of ${\alpha}$-1,3 glucanase for IG were estimated to be 2.50 mM and 0.0431 mM/min, respectively. The thin layer chromatographic analysis of hydrolysates from IG with ${\alpha}$-1,3 glucanase showed that glucose was the main product of reaction. This enzyme activity was about 14 times higher than marketing dextranase as preventive agent against artificial dental caries by S. mutans in TH medium including 5% sucrose after 30 minutes.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.468-475
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• 1988

고초균 (Bacillus subtilis)의 cytidine/2'deoxycytidine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.5)를 로드하는 cdd 유전자를 cdd 결손변이주 B. subtilis ED4O에서 발현시켰다. 이 cdd 유전자는 Bacillus의 λD69 유전자은행으로부터 처음 클로닝된 것으로서 B. subtilis-Escherichia coli 의 shuttle vector pGB 215-110ΔB의 EcoRl/Pvul 부위에 삽입시켰다. 형질전환된 ED4O는 야생주에 비해 3700unit의 강한 cdd 활성을 나타내었으며 이 클론된 백터 pSO100 을 E. coli에서 발현시키면 B. subtilis 비해 2배의 강한 활성을 나타내었다. 겔 여과로 부분정제한 본 효소의 Km치는 1.88$\times$$10^{-4}$M이었으며 Vmax=11.1 $\mu$mol/min/mg 단백이었다. 이 효소는 0.1M mercaptoethanol과 수은에 의해 완전저해되었으며 p-chloromercurybenzoic acid에 대해 Ki=5$\mu$M로 나타났다. 본 효소의 활성상실은 monomer에 함유된 6개의 cysteine 잔기의 일부가 활성단으로 작용하는 과정이 저해되었거나 tetramer로서의 회합과정이 저해되었기 때문인 것으로 추측되었다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2013

Objectives The objective of present study was to investigate the effect of Ojeoksangamibang ($W\check{u}j\bar{i}s\check{a}nji\bar{a}w\grave{e}if\bar{a}ng$) extract on recovery of liver function in carbontetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-exposed rat. Methods Male rats weighing $230{\pm}7.21g$ fed experimental diet for 1 week and 28 rats were divided into 4 groups. Each of 7 rats was devided into a control group and experimental groups. We fed a control group of rats a basal diet and administered normal saline (100 mg/kg, 1 time/1 day) for 3 weeks. And we fed each experimental group of rats basal diet and administered an extract of Ojeoksangamibang extracts (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 1 time/1 day) for 3 weeks. We measured lipid of plasma and liver, concentration of proinflammatory cytokines ($IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and IL-10). Statistical analysis was done by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test with significance level at p<0.05. Results Plasma a-fetoprotein (AFP) and total protein concentration showed a tendency to decrease in Ojeoksangamibang extract-treated groups. However, plasma albumin concentration showed no significant differences in all treatment groups. Activity of plasma Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the Ojeoksangamibang extract-treated groups, increased addition amount of Ojeoksangamibang extracts tended to decline. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transferase (${\gamma}$-GT) activities showed a tendency to decrease in Ojeoksangamibang extract-treated groups, increased addition amount of Ojeoksangamibang extracts tended to decline. Concentration of plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol showed a lower value than that of control group. The liver $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ concentration were decreased, and IL-10 was increased in Ojeoksangamibang extract groups, compared to control group. Plasma $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ concentration were decreased, and IL-10 was increased in Ojeoksangamibang extract groups, compared to control group. Conclusions This study suggested that Ojeoksangamibang may alleviate liver inflammatory reaction induced by liver toxicity.