• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.2
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• pp.101-128
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• 2000

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Realisierungsmechanismus der fakultativen $Erg\"{a}nzung$ aufgrund des zweidimensionalen Valenzmodells und des zweistufigen Semantikmodlells behandelt. Dabei wurde die $Fakultativit\"{a}t\;der\;Erg\"{a}nzung$ nicht als ein $Ph\"{a}nomen$ im Lexikon angesehen, sondern als ein $Ph\"{a}nomen$ auf der Ebene der Valenzrealisierung, das als Resultat des Zusammenspiels von valenzunabhangigen Faktoren zu betrachten ist. In der bisherigen Valenzforschung wurde die $Fakultativit\"{a}t\;als\;eine\;ausschlie{\ss}lich$ idiosynkratische Eigenschaft des einzelnen Verbs interpretiert, die man bei jedem Verb erlernen $mu{\ss}$. Gegen diese Auffassung wandte die vorliegende Arbeit ein, dass die $Fakultativit\"{a}t$ keine unvoraussagbare idiosynkratische Eigenschaft des einzelnen Verbs ist: Die $Fakultativit\"{a}t\;der\;Erg\;"{a}nzung$ kann durch $Regularit\"{a}ten$ allgemein vorausgesagt werden. Anhand der statischen Lokalisierungsverben im Deutschen wurde gezeigt, dass die $Fakultativit\"{a}t\;der\;lokalen\;Erg\;"{a}nzung$ von den konzeptuellen Prozessen $abh\"{a}ngt:$ Bei dem $Lokalisierungsproze{\ss}$ ist die Realisierung der lokalen $Erg\"{a}nzung$ notwendig. Dagegen ist die Realisierung der lokalen $Erg\"{a}nzung$ bei dem $Delokalisierungsproze{\ss}$ optional. Wenn man die $Fakultativit\"{a}t$ durch allgemeine $Regularit\"{a}ten\;erkl\"{a}ren$ kann, dann ist es nicht $n\"{o}tig,\;die\;Fakultativit\"{a}t$ bei jedem Verb im Lexikon zu markieren. Dadurch kann das mentale Lexikon enorm entlastet werden. Dies bedeutet $f\"{u}r$ deutschlernende $Ausl\"{a}nder$ eine $gro{\ss}e$ Erleichterung.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2010

The leaves of Madhuca (M.) indica J.f.Gmel. (Sapotaceae) have been used traditionally in folk medicine due to its astringent properties and are effective in treatment of eczema and snake bites. Methanolic extract of M. indica is rich in tannins and has been proven experimentally to possess antibacterial activity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-ulcer and antioxidant activity of M. indica in rats. The methanolic extract of leaves of M. indica was tested at various doses (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) for its effect on gastric secretion and gastric ulcers in pylorus-ligation and on ethanol- induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. The significant reduction in ulcer index in both the models along with an increase in the pH of the gastric fluid and mucin content of stomach, and the acid secretory parameters such as total acidity and volume of gastric fluid were also significantly reduced along with reduction in the pepsin activity in pylorusligated rats proved the anti-ulcer activity of M. indica. The increase in the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione and decrease in lipid peroxidation in both the models proved the antioxidant activity of M. indica. Thus it can be concluded that M. indica possesses anti-ulcer activity, which can be attributed to its antioxidant mechanism of action.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.111-122
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to make clear the difference of the mental state between formal menstruation group and menorragia group. Methods: The patients suffering from uterine myoma or adenomyosis answered about menstruation and did a blood test and MMPI. They were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: The D scale of complain of a menorrhagia group is higher than normal menstruation group. (p<0.05) According to blood test, The F scale of anemia group is higher than normal group.(p<0.05) The D scale of menorrhagia with anemia group is higher than normal menstruation without anemia group. (p<0.05) The MMPI score of complain of a menorrhagia group, anemia group, and menorrhagia with anemia group showed 1-2 profile type. The MMPI score of normal menstruation group, normal result of the blood test group, and menorrhagia with anemia group showed 1-3 profile type. Conclusion: regardless of the rxistence of anemia, the group with menorrhagia tends to show a state of depression than the control group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.129-129
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• 2003

번식효율이 높은 우수한 후보종빈돈의 조기선발기술을 개발하기 위해 후보종빈돈의 첫발정일령과 첫수정일령에 미치는 요인을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 본 시험에 공시된 후보종빈돈은 충남 천안시에 위치하고 있는 양돈장에서 자돈을 생산ㆍ육성하여 체중 80~90kg에서 선발하였고, 체중이 약 110kg 도달하였을 때 최종 선발하여 이용하였으며, 사양관리는 양돈장의 관행에 따라 실시하였다. 첫발정조사는 생후 22주령때 부터 매일 아침, 저녁으로 2회씩 외음부의 충혈과 부종상태를 관찰하고 승가허용 자세유지 등을 통하여 발정여부를 조사하였다. 교배는 첫발정발견 후 2차 발정이 발현되었을 때 실시하는 것을 원칙으로 하였다. 첫발정 및 첫수정시에 등지방측정기(Lean-meater; Renco, U.S.A.)를 이용하여 제 10늑골의 정중선으로부터 좌측 또는 우측으로 약 5cm 이격된 지점을 2회 측정하여 평균치로 하였다. 후보종빈돈의 품종별 첫발정일령과 첫수정일령은 랜드레이스종이 171.91일과 202.18일, 요크셔종은 178.56일과 208.39일, 랜드레이스종과 요크셔종의 F$_1$은 190.20일과 213.60일로 랜드레이스종이 첫발정일령과 첫수정일령이 가장 빨랐으나 품종간 첫수정일령에 대한 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 출생계절별 첫발정일령 및 첫수정일령은 봄에 출생한 후보종빈돈은 194.14일 및 222.05일, 여름에 출생한 후보종빈돈은 163.25일 및 193.00일, 가을에 출생한 후보종빈돈은 160.25일 및 199.20일, 겨울에 출생한 후보종빈돈은 159.72일 및 190.11일로 봄에 출생한 후보종빈돈의 첫발정일령 및 첫수정일령이 겨울, 가을, 여름에 출생한 후보종빈돈보다 유의적으로 늦게 나타났다(P〈0.01). 등지방두께가 13~16mm인 후보종빈돈의 첫발정일령 및 첫수정일령은 180.32일 및 211.12일, 17~20mm인 후보종빈돈은 172.24일 및 202.43일, 21~23mm인 후보종빈돈은 162.20일 및 195.43일로 등지방두께가 얇을수록 첫발정일령 및 첫수정일령이 지연되었으나 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.70-79
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• 2005

Background: Otitis media with effusion(OME) is one of the most common disease in childhood. Patient suffers from OME in many quarters. For example hearing loss, effects on speech, language, learning, behaviouralchanges etc. But the diagnosis of OME is difficult using only medical history and otoscopy. So, many other diagnostic tools are developed and tympanometry is one of them. When OME is treated by oriental medical Tx, tympanometry would be useful instrument. Objectives: To gain insight into the usability of tympanometry in F/U of OME treated by oriental medial Tx. Methods: Data was collected from 123 ears of 74 children who was treated by oriental medical Tx. Data includes sex, age, period of Tx, elapsed time to be improved, tympanograms and accompanied symptoms. The relationship between items was analysed by statistical methods. Results: There is no relationship between age, sex and period of Tx/elapsed time to be improved. When cough and phlegm is accompanied, the period of treatment and elapsed time to be improved are expanded. When improvement was seen on tympanogram, the period of treatment is expanded but the improvement was seen within 30days, the period of treatment is reduced. Conclusion: The application of tympanometry in oriental medical treatment of OME would provide us many informations about the status of patient so it will be helpful to predict the history of a case and to make a decision whether keep up treatment or not.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.248-254
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• 1999

Adverse reactions after injection of diphtheria vaccine are induced by impurities present in crude toxoids that cannot be removed completely by purification of toxoids after formalization. To increase toxoid purity, toxin purification was tried before formalization. Crude toxin was purified with ultrafiltration and ion-exchange chromatography. Purified toxin purity was improved 2.9 times higher than crude toxin, and purity was 2,560 Lf/mg PN. Purified toxin was detoxified with formalin and lysine, and potency test were performed. Toxoid, prepared from toxin treated with formalin and lysine, did not show reversion to toxin and purity was higher than the toxoid purified after formalization. Therefore, we concluded that the use of toxoid vaccine prepared from toxin purified is a useful method of minimize adverse reaction after injection of diphtheria vaccine.

• ALGAE
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.133-140
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• 2010

Using chlorophyll fluorescence, the vertical migration of benthic diatoms responding to light intensity and affected by sediment grain size was studied. Minimal fluorescence ($F_o$) of surface sediment was measured by imaging pulse amplitude modulated (Imaging-PAM) fluorometer, and used to monitor diatom biomass variation in surface sediments. The test diatoms, Amphora coffeaeformis (C. Agardh) K$\ddot{u}$tzing and Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann & Lewin, migrated to the sediment surface under irradiance from 50 to 500 ${\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}s^{-1}$. However, the diatoms exhibited no evident increase of surface biomass under dark conditions, and even showed slightly decrease of surface biomass under irradiances over 1,000 ${\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}s^{-1}$. The light intensity inducing the maximum surface migration of A. coffeaeformis was 100 ${\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}s^{-1}$, while the light intensity producing the same effect for C. closterium was 250 ${\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}s^{-1}$. C. closterium showed higher motility than A. coffeaeformis. Faster diatom surfacing was observed in larger grain size sediments (125-335 ${\mu}m$) than smaller ones (63-125 ${\mu}m$). This study confirmed the significant influence of light as a main triggering factor behind migration, indicated the distinct effect of different sediment grain size, and highlighted the species-specific migratory ability.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02a
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• pp.681-691
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• 1994

The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has proposed a threshold limit value (TLV) for benzene of 0.1 ppm. Individuals representing the American Petroleum Institute (API)and the Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA) have argued that 1) the risk assessment by Rinsky .et al. which ACGIH partially relied upon for its proposed TLV overestimates the risk; however, at the exposures levels of interest - (e.g., 0.1 to 1.0 ppm) for establishing a benzene TLV, the Rinsky et al. assessment provides lower estimates of leukemia risk than most others; 2) ACGIH should not use the Dow study for direct observational evidence of leukemia risk associated with low-level benzene exposure because of confounding exposure; however, it is unlikely that confounding exposures played a role in the excess of leukemia demonstrated in the study, and the Dow cohort was exposed to an average benzene concentration of about 5.5 ppm benzene for 7.11 years (31:1.5 ppm-years), while some of the individuals in the study who died from leukemia were exposed to an average of only 1.0 ppm without the opportunity for highpeak exposures; 3) the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) established an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 1.0 ppm in 1987, and there is no new evidence that would justify reducing the TWA below that level; however, the OSHA TWA of 1.0 ppm was based on economic feasibility and the level of excess risk remaining at 1.0 ppm, i.e., 10 excess leukemia deaths per 1000 workers over an occupational lifetime (45 years) according to OSHA's preferred estimate leaves behind I risk considered significant by OSHA. In addition, chromosomal studies among workers and in animals exposed to benzene indicate that low-level exposure, i.e., 1.0 ppm, is associated with elevated Cytogenetic damage. On the basis of adverse health effects data alone, in this author's opinion, it would be poor science and poor public health policy to establish a benzene TLV greater than 0.1 ppm.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.226-239
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• 2002

A process simulation model of pervaporation process has been developed as a design tool to analyse and optimize the dehyhration of organic solvents through a commercial scale of pervaporative plate-and-frame modules that contain a stack of membrane sheets. In the simulation model, the mass balance, the heat balance and the concentration balance are integrated in a finite elements-in-succession method to simulate the overall process. In the integration method, a feed channel between membrane sheets in the modules was taken as differential unit element volume to simplify calculation procedure and shorten computing time. Some of permeation parameters used in the simulation model, were quantified directly from the dehydration experiment of ethanol through $AzeoSep^{TM}$-2002 membrane which is a commercial pervaporation membrane. The simulation model was verified by comparing the simulated values with experimental data. Using the model, continuous and batch pervaporation processes were simulated, respectively, to acquire basic data for analysing and optimizing in the dehydration of ethanol through the membrane. Based on the simulation results, a comparison between the continuous and the batch pervaporation processes would be discussed.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1984

With 156 water samples collected from 39 locations in the Yeong San River estuary during the 12month period from March 1976 to February 1977, the seasonal distribution of yeast and the distributional pattern of yeast on salinity gradient have been investigated. An overall average number of yeast ranged from 52 to 487 viable cells (c.f.u.) per 100ml water sample. The highest count of yeast was obtained in spring while the lowest value came in summer. 933 yeast and one yeast-like fungus pertaining to 14 genera and 83 species were recovered, of which Candida were 29%, Debaryomyces 17.3%, Rhodotorula Glutinis were dominant forms in all locations as well as throughout the year. The population size of total aerobic bacteria, the amount of terrestrial imputs, and some of geographical and/or climatic factor appear to reflect the seasonal distribution of yeast as well as the composition of yeast species in an estuarine environ. Average number of yeast, species diversity, and particularly the number of fermentative and pseudomycelium-producing yeasts increased with decreasing salinity whereas nitrate-utilizing yeasts showed opposite trend, suggesting that salinity gradient can be used as a feasible detector for the distributional pattern of yeast in estuarine habitat.