• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 2009

The performance of a direct-injection type diesel engine often depends on the strength of swirl or squish, shape of combustion chamber, the number of nozzle holes, etc. This is of course because the combustion in the cylinder was affected by the mixture formation process. In this paper, combustion process of biodiesel fuel was studied by employing the piston which has several grooves with inclined plane on the piston crown to generate swirl during the compression stroke in the cylinder in order to improve the atomization of high viscosity fuel such as biodiesel fuel and toroidal type piston generally used in high speed diesel engine. To take a photograph of flame, single cylinder, four stroke diesel engine was remodeled into two stroke visible engine and high speed video camera was used. The results obtained are summarized as follows; (1) In the case of toroidal piston, when biodiesel fuel was supplied to plunger type injection system which has very low injection pressure as compared with common-rail injection system, the flame propagation speed was slowed and the maximum combustion pressure became lower. These phenomena became further aggravated as the fuel viscosity gets higher. (2) In the case of swirl groove piston, early stage of combustion such as rapid ignition timing and flame propagation was activated by intensifying the air flow in the cylinder. (3) Combustion process of biodiesel fuel was improved by the reason mentioned in paragraph (2) above. Consequently, the swirl grooves would also function to improve the combustion of high viscosity fuel.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.192-204
• /
• 2018

In this study, a 3D CFD analysis method for the combustion process was established for a low calorific value syngas-diesel dual-fuel engine operating under very lean fuel-air mixture condition. Also, the accuracy of computational analysis was evaluated by comparing the experimental results with the computed ones. To simulate the combustion for the dual-fuel engine, a new dual-fuel chemical kinetics set was used that was constituted by merging two verified chemical kinetic sets: n-heptane (173 species) for diesel and Gri-mech 3.0 (53 species) for syngas. For dual-fuel mode operations, the early stage of combustion was dominated by the fuel burning inside or near the spray plume. After which, the flame propagated into the syngas in the piston bowl and then proceeded toward the syngas in the squish zone. With the baseline injection system and piston shape, a significant amount of unburned syngas was discharged. To solve this problem, effects of the injection parameters and piston shape on combustion characteristics were analyzed by calculation. The change in injection variables toward increasing the spray plume volume or the penetration length were effective to cause fast burning in the vicinity of TDC by widening the spatial distribution of diesel acting as a seed of auto-ignition. As a result, the unburned syngas fraction was reduced. Changing the piston shape with the shallow depth of the piston bowl and 20% squish area ratio had a significant effect on the combustion pattern and lessened the unburned syngas fraction by half.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제40권9호
• /
• pp.733-742
• /
• 2016

연료 경제와 유해 배출 가스 저감을 목적으로 최근 들어 LNG 또는 합성 가스를 사용하는 박용 가스 기관이 주목받고 있다. 예혼합 연소를 하는 오토 사이클로 작동하는 가스 기관을 구현할 경우 EGR 또는 SCR을 적용하지 않고도 Tier III의 규제를 충족할 수 있는 것으로 확인되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 오토 사이클로 작동하는 기관에 대한 시뮬레이션 기술을 산업 기술 현장에 제공하기 위한 목적으로, 실험적으로 접근이 용이한 소형 가솔린 기관을 대상으로 상용 소프트웨어인 BOOST를 이용한 시뮬레이션을 시행하였다. 이 연구는 두 단계로 구성되어 이미 시행한 첫 번째 단계에서는 흡기 및 배기 계통에 대한 최적의 모델링 방법에 관한 연구가 수행되었다. 이번 연구는 이전의 연구에서 선정된 흡 배기 계통의 해석 모델을 적용한 상황에서 실린더 내 과정을 해석하고 최종적으로 주요 성능 인자들을 계산하는 방법을 정립하였다. 이 연구를 통하여 실험에의 의존이 적은 연소 및 열전달 모델과 밸브 유량계수 모델을 선정하고 관련 상수들을 결정하는 방법을 확립하였다. 이들을 이용하여 실린더로 유입되는 공기량, 실린더 내 순간 압력 변화 및 도시평균유효압력을 효과적으로 예측할 수 있음을 확인하였다.