• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.149-154
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• 2024

This paper proposes an algorithm that remedy Floyd's the tortoise and the hare algorithm (THA) shortcomings which is specialized in singly linked list (SLL), so this algorithm fails to detect the cycle in undirected graph, digraph, and tree with multiple inputs or outputs. The proposed algorithm simply pruning the source and sink with only one edge using cycle detection of single edge node pruning. As a result of the experimental of various list, undirected graph, digraph, and tree, the proposed algorithm can be successively detect the cycle all of them. Thus, the proposed algorithm has the simplest and fastest advantage in the field of cycle detection.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.197-203
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• 2010

The problem of location awareness in wireless sensor networks where nodes use GPS (Global Positioning System), remains challenging problem, when considering the required large energy consumption during the localization phase. In this paper we designed hardware for GPS based localization and propose a framework, called ELS, to consume low cost energy. In the ELS framework, sensor nodes are equipped with GPS. Because GPS spends large energy for position awareness, conventional localization algorithms cannot use GPS-device. We try to find a solution for efficient energy expenditure of GPS. Finally, we derive optimal transmission power of GPS data and a scheme of localization through experiment and simulation.