• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.17-40
• /
• 2005

A/J mice injected with urethane(1mg/ g of body weight) develop tumors with distinct histological patterns, which are classified as solid and papillary. I divided the mice into 3 groups; control group treatment with saline, BA group treatment with herbal formula, Soeuminbojungikgitang 0.4g/kg and BA group treatment with herbal formula 2.0g/kg. The administration of herbal medicine was done every day for 8 weeks. The experimental results from herbal medicine treatment were compared to those from a saline-treated control group. Serial sections of the whole lung(150 to 200 sections per mouse) showed solid and papillary tumors arose from the pulmonary acinus, invading the bronchioles only as the tumors grew. The number of tumor, in the 8 weeks group, are decreased in the experimental groups compared to control group. COX-2 protein and IGF- I protein expression was more increased in lung tumors of the control group compared to BA and BB groups. These results suggest that Soeuminbojungikgitang extract suppress the carcinogenesis of lung in the A/J mouse.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.5-10
• /
• 1966

The relationships between tumor score and peroxidase activities of tomato stems infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain A6Kl, B6, T372 11BNV6, 11BV7 and wounded stem as a control were examined in relation to crown gall tumor development on purpose to study the lignification of tumor tissue which is affected to the development of crown gall tumor. As the previous paper has been mentioned the fact that the induction of tumor tissues were inhibited or limited in the lignified stem of host plant. It was presumed that the activities of peroxidase related to the development of lignification were decreased during the period of tumor development. But the experimental result in this experiment shows that the peroxidase activities of crown gall tumor-tissues infected with the A. tumefaciens strains which are already known as virulent are increasing during four weeks, however, in the strain 11BNV6 and wound the peroxidase activities are decreasing on the second week after the inoculation of the bacteria strains. These results could be explained on the basis of that possible regulatory agents of lignification which were accumulated in tumor tissues, IAA, ascorbic acid, glutathion(GSH) and caffeic acid esters, were postulated to act as antioxidants which has been suggested by Stafford. Total nitrogen contents in relation to crown gall tumor development were determined for the detection of protein synthesis related to the enzyme activities which are increasing in the time of plant growth. Generally six groups are contained the largest amount of nitrogen on the second week after the inoculation of the bacterium. Comparing to the tumor score, it is presumed that the all of enzyme activities including peroxidase in tumor tissues are increasing from the second week through the third week after the inoculation of bacterium and the protein synthesis is stimulated under the most appropriated temperature during the above periods.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2003

In order to study the clinical usefulness of crude polysaccharides fractionated from Eleutherococcus senticosus, EN-3, in eliminating tumors, we have investigated the effect of combination therapy on the murine tumor metastasis and growth models. In experimental metastasis of colon26-M3.1 cells, prophylactic intravenous (i.v.) administration of EN-3 (0.5, 5, and 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mouse) inhibited tumor metastasis compared with tumor control group in 33.6, 66.8, and 81.8％ respectively. The administration of EN-3 (50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mouse) also exhibited a 66.1％ therapeutic effect on lung tumor metastasis. Although EN-3 induced no toxic effect on both tumor cell and normal splenocyte in the concentration below 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mι in in vitro, it induced significant proliferating activity on normal splenocyte in the concentration-dependent manner. In an analysis of NK-cell activity, i.v. administration of EN-3 (4∼100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mouse) significantly augmented NK cytotoxicity to YAC-1 tumor cells. The combination treatments of cisplatin (10 $\mu\textrm{g}$) and EN-3 (5 $\mu\textrm{g}$) induced synergistic effect on the inhibition of tumor metastasis in experimental tumor metastasis model produced by colon26-M3.1 cells. In addition, the combination treatments also exhibited prolongation of lifespan in S∼180 tumor bearing mouse for over the 60 days. Even though cisplatin (2.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mι) exhibited cytotoxicity to tumor cells and inhibited tumor growth over 95％ in in vitro, combination treatment with EN-3 (20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mι) was induced splenocyte proliferation and produced cytokines, such as TNF-$\alpha$, IL-1 and IL-12, from the macrophages. These results suggested that EN-3 stimulate immune system non-specifically and apply to the biological response modifiers (BRM) in chemo-immunotherapy for tumor prevention.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.330-336
• /
• 2001

Angiogenesis is an essential process for the growth, invasion and metastasis of cancer. However, it is uncertain that antiangiogenic effects can be a major treatment strategy of oral cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate whether thalidomide, which is known to be a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis, have inhibitory effect on the growth and antiangiogenic effects of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) xenografted in nude mice and whether antiangiogenesis of thalidomide can be included as a major treatment strategy of oral cancer. After human oral squamous cell carcinoma strain KB was subcutaneously implanted in 20 nude mice, the volume of tumor was measured every three days. When the tumor mass reached $75{\sim}100mm^3$, thalidomide(200mg/kg/d) was administered into 10 experimental nude mice and the same volume of distilled water was administered into 10 control nude mice and the tumor volume was measured every three days. The excised tumor masses on the 30th day after administration were frozen and processed for immunohistochemistry using vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and CD31. We evaluated microvessel density and VEGF expression. The results were as follows ; 1. Thalidomide retarded the growth of human OSCC as compared with the control group, but it was not statistically significant. 2. A statistically significant lower microvessel density was observed in the thalidomide-treated group than in the control group(p<0.01) and thalidomide significantly reduced VEGF expression (p<0.01). Thalidomide exhibited significantly antiangiogenic effect, but did not inhibit the growth of human OSCC effectively. Antiangiogenic therapy of thalidomide alone is not likely to be effective in the treatment of human OSCC, but might be regarded as adjuvant chemotherapeutic strategy.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.71-75
• /
• 1999

Epidemiologic studies consistently demonstrate an inverse relationship between risk for colon canter and consumption of fruits and vegetables. Wheat bran, flax and soy contain dietary fiber and phytochemicals, such as lignans and isoflavones, that may inhibit colon carcinogenesis. Orange juice contains hesperidin, a flavanone glucoside that protects against colon carcinogenesis. This study determined if feeding orange juice, wheat bran, soy and flaxseed (combined diet) would inhibit azoxymethane (AOM) induced colon cancer. Cancer was initiated in male Fisher 344 rats by injecting 15 mg AOM/kg of weight at 22 and 29 days of age. One week after the second AOM injection, rats (N = 30) in the combined diet group received dry diet containing wheat bran (4%), soy with ethanol soluble phytochemirals(13%) and flaxseed (8%) and orange juice replaced drinking water. The control group remained on the control diet and received distilled water to drink. The rats were killed 28 weeks later, and colon tissues and tumors were removed for histologic analysis. Feeding the combined diet significantly reduced tumor incidence (p < 0.05), however tumor multiplicity was not changed (p > 0.05, 0.9 tumors/rat fed the combined diet vs 1.2 for controls). Also, tumor burden was only marginally reduced in rats fed the combined diet vs control rats (65 vs 210 mg of tumor/rats, respectively). The reduction in tumor incidence was associated with a decreased labeling index and proliferation zone in normal appearing colon mucosa. Therefore, this study shows that phytochemicals in wheat bran, soy, flax and orange juice reduce colon carcinogenesis, presumably by decreasing cell proliferation and enhancing cell differentiation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.632-638
• /
• 2000

This study was designed to observe the effect of green tea on colon tumor incidence and biomarkers of colon carcinogenesis in 1, 2-dimethlhydrazine-treated rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats at 7 weeks of age were divided into two groups: control and green tea(GT) groups. Control rats had distilled water as drinking water but GT group received green tea extracts(2.5%, w/v water) as drinking water throughout the experiment periods. All rats were fed the experimental diet containing 15% fat by weight for 20 weeks. and were i.m. injected with DMH for 6 weeks to give total dose of 180mg/kg body weight. Tumor incidence was reduced in GT group (39%) compared with control group (56%) Green tea significantly reduced cell proliferation (total cells per crypt, crypt length and proliferative zone) in colonic mucosa and also significantly reduced the levels of preformed prostalandin E2(PGE2) and thromboxance B2(TXB2) in colonic mucosa but the fatty acid profile of total lipid in colonic mucosa was not significantly influenced by green tea. However the relative percent of C20:4 and the levels f preformed PGE2 and TXB2. were significantly higher in tumor tissue compared with normal surrounding mucosa.Green tea increased the fecal excretion of total bile acid but not scondary bile acid which is known as one of promoters for colon cancer,. These results suggest that green tea could have preventive effect against colon cancer when consumed daily by influencing on antioxidant effect and the metabolism of arachidonic acid.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권18호
• /
• pp.7831-7834
• /
• 2014

Objective: To explore the influence of different ways of blood transfusion on the expression levels of interleukins (IL) and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) inperi-operative patients with esophageal cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent radical operations were selected as study patients and randomly divided into an observation group (treated with autologous blood transfusion) and control group (with homologous blood transfusion). Changes of intra-operative indexes and peri-operative blood indexes, from hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit value (Hct), to levels of inflammatory factors like interleukins-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) were compared. Results: Operations for patients in both groups were successfully conducted, and no significant differences in mean surgical duration and intra-operative hemorrhage volume, fluid infusion volume and blood transfusion volume were detected (p>0.05). Compared with values before surgery, Hb and Hct levels decreased significantly while white blood cell count (WBC) increased 1, 5 and 7 d after operation (p<0.05, p<0.01). In addition, WBC was apparently higher in observation group than in control group 5 and 7 d after operation (p<0.01). Compared with before surgery, in the observation group, levels of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 had no significant differences after operation (P>0.05), but TNF-${\alpha}$ level increased y (p<0.01), whereas in control group, IL-6 level had no significant difference (p>0.05), IL-8 level decreased obviously (p<0.05), IL-10 level increased markedly first and then decreased gradually as time passed but its level remained elevated (p<0.01), and TNF-${\alpha}$ level increased first and then decreased, and there was no significant difference 7 d after operation (p>0.05). Conclusions: Decreased IL-8 and increased IL-10 levels are two important reasons for immunosuppression after homologous blood transfusion, whereas autologous blood transfusion can alleviate this while increasing the TNF-${\alpha}$ level, which also has potential to improve anti-tumor immunity in the human body.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권12호
• /
• pp.5281-5285
• /
• 2016

Background: Brachytherapy is the most commonly used conservative treatment for the uveal melanoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate therapeutic results of Ruthenium-106 plaque brachytherapy in the management of localized uveal melanoma cases. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the clinical records of all patients treated in our department for an uveal melanoma, undergoing Ruthenium-106 plaque brachytherapy, from January 1996 to December 2015. We focused on clinical features, therapeutic characteristics, local and distant tumor control and side effects. Results: Nineteen patients were enrolled in our study. Mean age was 56.2 years (28-79) and the sex ratio was 1.37:1 males to females. Diagnosis was made on the basis of ophthalmological clinical examination, angiography, ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance. Median tumor diameter was 9.7 mm (6-13) and median thickness 4.4 mm (2.5-8). The dose of Ruthenium-106 plaque brachytherapy prescribed to the apex of each tumor was 70 Gy in all cases. The median radiation dose to the sclera surface was 226.4 Gy (range: 179.6-342.3) and the median total application time 115.2 hours (range: 27 to 237). After a median follow-up of 61.5 months, local control was achieved in 17 patients (89%): 16 demonstrated a partial tumor response and 1 tumor stabilization. Two patients suffered local progression leading to enucleation, one dying of hepatic metastasis. Radiation-induced complications were cataracts in 3 cases and vitreal hemorrhage in 2. Conclusion: Ruthenium-106 plaque brachytherapy is an efficient treatment for localized uveal melanoma, offering good local control with low toxicity.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.87-91
• /
• 2006

Objective : Management of recurrent vestibular schwannomas[VS] after microsurgery or radiosurgery is a complicated subject. However, few studies have documented the outcome of recurrent VS. The authorsreviewclinicalexperience of recurrent VS management and analyzed the efficacy of treatment modalities. Methods : Between 1990 and 2002, 293 patients harboring unilateral VS underwent, microsurgery, radiosurgery, microsurgery followed by radiosurgery. Of these, 26 procedures [in 20 patients] were performed to assessed from an increased tumor size by magnetic resonance imaging[MRI]. The mean age of patients with recurred VS was 46.9 years and the mean follow-up period was 68 months. Radiological characteristics were investigated and growth rates of recurred tumors were calculated by measuring changes in tumor diameter on MRI after treatment. Results : MRI characteristics revealed a lobulated contour in 75% and a cyst in 60% of the patients. Only 1 patient showed neither lobulation nor a cyst. The average diameter of the recurrent tumors were 36.9mm. The overall tumor control rate for initial management was 87.4%, 94.7%, and 98.5% for microsurgery, radiosurgery, and microsurgery plus radiosurgery, respectively. However, control rates for recurrent tumors were lower at 85%, 63%, and 80%, respectively. Conclusion : A cystic nature and a lobulated tumor contour are frequent clinical characteristics of recurrent VS. Microsurgery or microsurgery followed by radiosurgery shows little difference in tumor control rate for primary and recurrent VS. However, radiosurgery alone appears to be less beneficial for recurrent VS.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.513-521
• /
• 2000

Background : TNF may play an important role(central mediator) in the development of an acute respiratory distress syndrome. Since TNF induced lung injury in the acute respiratory distress syndrome and abnormalities in surfactant function have been described in acute respiratory distress syndrome, the authors investigated the effects of TNF on the regulation of surfactant protein A, B and C mRNA accumulation. Methods : The effects of TNF on gene expression of surfactant protein A, B, and C were analyzed using filter hybridization, 12 and 24 hours after intravenous injection of TNF in rats. Results : 1. The accumulation of SP-A mRNA in the TNF treated group (12 and 24 hours after TNF injection) was significantly decreased by 22.9% and 27.4%, respectively, compared to the control group (P<.025, P<.025). 2. The accumulation of SP-B mRNA in 24 hours after TNF treated group was significantly decreased by 20.5% compared to that of the control group(P<.01). 3. The accumulation of SP-C mRNA in 12 hours after TNF treated group was significantly decreased by 31% the compared to that of the control group(P<.01). Conclusions : These findings indicate the marked inhibitory effects of tumor necrosis factor on surfactant proteins expression in vivo. This finding. in turn, supports the idea of inhibitory effects of tumor necrosis factor on surfactant proteins expression as it relates to pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome.