• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.83-90
• /
• 2003

Since histopathological examination was known to be the most sensitive evaluation for testicular toxicity, regulatory authorities have been published the guidelines on practical testicular assay approach. Those guidelines specified details of evaluation including fixation, embedding, stain-ing, histological examination and also seminiferous tubular staging methods. However, there have been confusing understanding among toxicologists and even pathologists on staging theory and its application on industrial testicular toxicity. Guidelines did not intend to conduct quantitative assay with staging but recommended the use of knowledge of staging. To count each tubular stage with statistical analysis is known to be time consuming and labor burdening work but the significance of toxicity has little value. It also has been pointed out that the application of staging theory for longer-term toxicity considered to be lacking of rationale. It could be recommended that qualitative assay with aware-ness of germ cell loss is more efficient method rather than quantitative counting of each tubular stage. Therefore it would be required that comprehensive understanding of testicular toxicity evaluation and the use of testicular staging method.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.07a
• /
• pp.145-148
• /
• 2005

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.42-42
• /
• 2001

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.319-324
• /
• 2009

Morphology of the gill in Lateolabrax japonicus was investigated after staining the gill, as a result, we found the gill is composed of gill raker, gill arch, gill filament and gill lamellae. The number of gill raker was 7~10 in the upper and 13~18 in the lower. Ultrastructure of the gill in Lateolabrax japonicus were examined by means of the light and transmission electron microscopes. The gill have primary filament and secondary filament (lamellae). The following cells are identified and described: pavement cell, pillar cell, blood cell, mucose cell and chloride cell etc. Simple epithelial layer consists of squamous epithelium contained large nucleus, intracellular organelles etc. and the surface is covered with some of microridges. The lamella pillar structures are characterized by the axial microtubules and lateral membrane interdigitations. The mucous cells were globular in shape, and had almost the mucous granules of same size with various electron density. Chloride cells contain a lot of mitochondria and specifically developed tubular systems.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.204-211
• /
• 2006

The electrolyte in the solid oxide fuel cell must be dense enough to avoid gas leakage and thin enough to reduce the ohmic resistance. In order to manufacture the thin and dense electrolyte layer, 8 mol% $Y_2O_3$ stabilized-$ZrO_2$ (8YSZ) electrolyte layers were coated on the porous tubular substrate by the novel vacuum slurry dip-coating process. The effects of the slurry concentration, presintering temperature, and vacuum pressure on the thickness and the gas permeability of the coated electrolyte layers have been examined in the vacuum slurry coating process. The vacuum-coated electrolyte layers showed very low gas permeabilities and had thin thicknesses. The single cell with the vacuum-coated electrolyte layer indicated a good performance of $495\;mW/cm^2$, 0.7 V at $700^{\circ}C$. The experimental results show that the vacuum dip-coating process is an effective method to fabricate dense thin film on the porous tubular substrate.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.65-69
• /
• 1985

For evaluation on the histopathologic studies, and age and sex distribution of the gastric carcinomas in the Taegu Area, the gastrectomized and gastoroscopic biopsy materials were collected at the Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, and the analyzed results were as follows: 1. In total of 350 cases of gastroscopic biopsy materials adenocarcinomas are 344 cases (98.3%), squamous cell carcinomas and undifferentiated carcinomas are only 6 cases (1.7%). In adenocarcinomas the most of all are tubular type, 215 cases (61.4%). In age distribution the highest is the 50th age group, and 120 cases (34.3%), the next, 60th, 81 cases (23.1%), 40th, 76 cases (21.7%), respectively. 2. In total of 130 cases of gastrectomized materials adenocarcinomas are 127 cases (97.7%), and are the highest incidence, the next, carcinomas originated from chronic peptic ulcer of the stomach, and are 3 cases (2.3%). In adenocarcinomas the highest are tubular type, 86 cases (66.2%), the next, signet-ring cell type, 20 cases (15.4%). The highest age incidence of the age group IS 50th, and the next, 60th, 40th, 30th, 70th and 10th age group, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.69-80
• /
• 1995

Renal proximal tubular hypertrophy and hyperfunction are known to be early manifestations of experimental and human diabetes. As the hypertrophy and hyperfunction have been suggested to be central components in the progression to renal failure, an understanding of their underlying causes is potentially important for the development of therapy. A primary rabbit kidney proximal tubule cell culture system was utilized to evaluate the possibility that the renal proximal tubular hypertrophy and hyperfunction observed in vivo in diabetes mellitus, can be attributed to effects of elevated glucose levels on membrane transport systems. Primary cultures of rabbit proximal tubules, which achieved confluence at 10 days, exhibited brush-border characteristics typical of proximal tubular cells. Northern analysis indicated $2.2{\sim}2.3$ and 2.0 kb Na/glucose cotransporter RNA species appeared in fresh and cultured proximal tubule cells after confluence, repectively. The cultured cells showed reduced Na/glucose cotransporter activity compared to fresh proximal tubules. Primary cultured proximal tubule cells incubated in medium containing 20 mM glucose have reduced ${\alpha}-MG$ transport compared to cells grown in 5 mM glucose. In the proximal tubule cultures incubated in medium containing 5 mM or 20 mM glucose, phlorizin at 0.5 mM inhibited 0.5 mM ${\alpha}-MG$ uptake by 84.35% or 91.85%, respectively. The uptake of 0.5 mM ${\alpha}-MG$ was similarly inhibited by 0.1 mM ouabain (41.97% or 48.03% inhibition was observed, respectively). In addition, ${\alpha}-MG$ uptake was inhibited to a greater extent when $Na^{+}$ was omitted from the uptake buffer (81.86% or 86.73% inhibition was observed, respectively). In cell homogenates derived from the primary cells grown in 5 mM glucose medium, the specific activity of the Na/K-ATPase $(6.17{\pm}1.27\;{\mu}mole\;Pi/mg\;protein/hr)$ was 1.56 fold lower than the values in cell homogenates treated with 360 mg/dl D-glucose, 20 mM $(9.67{\pm}1.22\;{\mu}mole\;Pi/mg\;protein/hr)$. Total $Rb^{+}$ uptake occurred at a significantly higher rate (1.60 fold increase) in primary cultured rabbit kidney proximal tubule cell monolayers incubated in 20 mM glucose medium $(10.48{\pm}2.45\;nM/mg\;protein/min)$ as compared with parallel cultures in 5 mM glucose medium. $Rb^{+}$ uptake rate in 5 mM glucose medium was reduced by 28% when the cultures were incubated with 1 mM ouabain. The increase of the $Rb^{+}$ uptake by rabbit kidney proximal tubule cells in 20 mM glucose could be attributed primarily to an increase in the rate of ouabain-sensitive $Rb^{+}$ uptake $(5\;mM\;to\;20\;mM;\;4.68{\pm}0.85\;to\;8.38{\pm}1.37\;nM/mg\;protein/min)$. In conclusion, the activity of the renal proximal tubular Na,K-ATPase is elevated in high glucose concentration. In contrast, the activity of the Nafglucose cotransport system is inhibited.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.52-59
• /
• 1992

A number of studies have shown the value of fine needle aspiration cytology for the diagnosis of breast lesions, but reports on the comparison of cytologic and histologic variations of breast cancers are few. We reviewed histologically proven 106 breast aspirates with an emphasis on the cytology of ductal carcinomas and of an area of uncertain atypia. Positive and negative predictive values of breast aspiration cytology were 100% On review of the cases originally diagnosed as atypia of uncertain nature (19 %), features more suggestive of malignancy or benignancy were recognizable in most underdiagnosed cases and a half of overdiagnosed cases, respectively. However, indistinguishable atypism also remained. Thirty seven cases out of 53 infiltrating duct carcinomas revealed malignant cytology, with variations in background, cellularity, morphology of cell groups, and extent of isolated tumor cells. When classifying the infiltrating duct carcinomas into scirrhous, solid-tubular, and papillotubular types, scirrhous type frequently appeared as irregularly shaped tight or loose cell clusters, and solid-tubular type as round-margined cell balls.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2016

The histology and anatomy of the olfactory organ in Luciogobius guttatus was investigated using a light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The paired olfactory organs in the dorsal part of the snout are situated in between the upper lip and the eyes. They consist of two nostrils, one anterior and the other posterior openings, and a single olfactory cavity. The anterior nostril, an incurrent opening, forms a short tubular structure from the skin. The posterior nostril, an excurrent opening, forms a circular structure opened to the exterior. The distributional pattern of the sensory epithelium is a continuous type. The sensory epithelium with numerous-motile cilia is made up of receptor cells, supporting cells, basal cells, and mucous cells. In contrast, the non-sensory epithelium is comprised of stratified epithelial cells and two types of mucous cells, acidic and neutral cells. The cilia number of the receptor cell is in range of 3 to 4 units. Such results in L. guttatus may reflect its ecological habit and microhabitat in the tidal zone with a periodic tide.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.119-130
• /
• 2009

This article reviews recent R&D trends in SOFC development with an emphasis on industries that can produce the SOFC stack and power generation system. SOFC is an electrochemical device that can convert the chemical energy of fuel into the electrical energy with environment friendly system and high efficiency. SOFC power generation system could be classified as the portable power generation system, auxiliary power unit(APU), residential power generation(RPG) and large size distributed power generation. In the case of more than 10kW system, the major R&D trends are focused on the tubular type SOFC system with high efficient and long term stability to meet the commercialization of SOFC power generation system.