• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.436-446
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• 2020

In this study, we verified the effects of organic amendment application based on soil testing in potato cultivation. The application rate of organic amendments was determined based on the inorganicization rate of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the organic amendments. There was no significant difference in the length, stalk number, stalk diameter, and leaf color of potato plants under organic amendment application compared with those under chemical fertilization. The quantity of potato tubers and yield of marketable tubers under organic amendment application were higher than those under chemical fertilization. The top fresh weight and top-to-root ratio were the highest under organic amendment application, followed by those under chemical fertilization and the control. The inorganic nitrogen content in the leaves and stems of potato plants was the highest under chemical fertilization. There was no difference in the phosphoric acid content between the potatoes under chemical fertilization and those under organic amendment application. The potassium content in potatoes was higher under chemical fertilization than that under organic amendment application. While the change trend of inorganic nitrogen content in the roots was similar to that in the leaves and stems, the potatoes under organic amendment application, with the highest yield, showed the highest dry weight. The tuber weight showed a positive correlation with plant length, stalk number, and stalk diameter. The higher the weight of the tuber, the higher the weight of the marketable tuber, and the higher the top fresh weight, the higher the yield. Therefore, to increase yield, it is necessary to supply nutrients to improve the top fresh weight to the optimal level. There was no difference in the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and potassium between the potatoes under chemical fertilization and those under organic amendment application. The utilization efficiency of phosphoric acid was increased by 0.1% in potatoes under organic amendment application compared with that under other treatments. Regarding soil chemistry after harvest, the soils under organic amendment application showed a higher electrical conductivity and higher nitrogen and phosphoric acid content than those under other treatments. Therefore, the organic amendment method used in this study can be an alternative to chemical fertilization. It is also advantageous for the cultivation of subsequent crops in potato fields.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of pig manure composting using starch pulp m growth and yield characteristics of potato cropping. Four treatments ; No compost, 1 : 1 : 0, 1 : 0.75 : 0.25 and 1 : 0.5 : 0.5 the mixing ratio of pig manure, saw dust, and dehydrated starch pulp and composting by Piling and blowing methods. Plant heights in first growth stage were higher for the treatment of saw dust compost and starch pulp compost than the treatment of chemical fertilizer, but after the stage, there were no significant difference among treatments. The number of stolons were met for 10.9 in 1 : 0.5 : 0.5 treatment, following 1 : 0.75 : 0.25 and 1 : 1 : 0. On the other hand, tuber diameter and top dry matter weight tended to be larger for manure treatment than no treatment but there was no significant difference. Total number of tubers were largest for 1 : 0.5 : 0.5, and those for 1 : 1 : 0 and 1 : 0.75 : 0.25 were similar. Tuber yields of not more than 80g tended to be different, but those of between 81g and 120g and more than 120g were apparently larger for the compost treatment than no treatment. The ratio of marketable tubers appeared large to be about 86% for 1 : 0.75 : 0.25 and 1 : 0.5 : 0.5 treatments. Ratio of infected common scab on potato tubers tended to be highest for 1 : 0.5 0.5 but there were no statistical significance. However, when compost was made by mixing starch pulp in future, the solutions to the occurrence of infected common scab must be considered, The contents of N. P, K and Ca in leaves were larger for the compost treatment than no treatment, but no significant difference was observed, Accordingly, the effects of treating starch pulp compost on growth and yield characteristics of potato cropping were more affirmative than those of saw dust compost.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1994

This experiment was carried out to clarify the effects of planting date and mulching material on the yield characters and tuber yields of Rehmannia glutionsa LIBOSC HIZ on experimental fields of Chungbuk Provincial Rural Development Administration from 1985 to 1987. Emergence period had no difference among planting dates, but it was late about 10 days in rice straw mulching compared with that of others. Leaf length and width showed no differences among planting dates and mulching materials, and no. of fresh leaves was decreased in the order of April 25, May 10 and April 10 with planting dates. Sugar content of tuber was highest on May 10 planting and in open fields. Tuber yield increased 8% on April 25 planting and it decreased 2% on May 10 planting compared with April 10 planting. The white P. E. mulching and rice straw mulching brought yield increase as 22% and 17%, respectively, compared with that from the open field.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.294-298
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• 2009

A glasshous experiment was carried out in 2002 to evaluate growth differences between two wick types, and to determine the optimum number of wicks in a wick-based hydroponics for production of 'Dejima' seed potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). The six minitubers ($7.0{\pm}0.2g$/tuber) produced through aeroponics were planted in a polystyrene box (51 cm long $\times$ 31 cm wide $\times$ 20 cm high) containing growth medium (perlite+peatmoss 1:2, v/v mixtures). Before the boxes were filled with the medium, 6 wicks per box were vertically and 2 to 10 wicks were horizontally installed, respectively, at the bottom of the boxes through holes. Comparing with 6 vertical wick treatment, 6 horizontal wick treatment increased the number of tubers per plant, but decreased average tuber weight. Yield of tubers greater than 5 g (seed potatoes) was not significantly affected by wick type. As the number of the horizontal wicks per box was increased from 2 to 6, the number of seed potatoes increased from 2.8 to 8.0/plant and then leveled off. Average tuber weight increased with increasing the number of the wicks up to 8 and then leveled off. As the number of the wicks per box was increased from 2 to 6, seed potato yield increased from 1.81 to 6.59 kg/$m^2$ and then slowly increased up to 10 wicks per box, reaching 12.9 kg/$m^2$. The results indicate that installing 8 wicks per box ($0.16m^2$) horizontally for the wick culture system in production of 'Dejima' seed potatoes is beneficial considering seed potato yield, cost of wicks, and convenient filling with medium.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.468-476
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• 2020

This study was performed to establish light intensity conditions for producing stem cuttings for aeroponic systems suitable for seed potato production using a closed-type plant production system. Shoot tip cultured plantlets of 'Sumi' and 'Chubaek' potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were acclimatized, cuttings were collected, and stem cuttings were planted. The seedlings were raised for 40 days at different LED light intensities (60, 120, 180, and 240 μmol·m^-2·s^-1), and were cultivated in an aeroponic system for 80 days. When stem cuttings were raised at 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 LED light intensity, the plant height was the longest, at 17.3 cm for 'Sumi' and 16.1 cm for 'Chubaek', and the number of nodes was the highest in both cultivars. The higher light intensities, produced smaller plants with fewer nodes. The leaf areas, SPAD values, and Fv/Fm values differed slightly between cultivars. The fresh weight of stem cuttings, and the production rate of healthy stem cuttings were the highest at 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1. In the aeroponic system, seedlings raised at 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 with LED light intensity showed a difference between the cultivars, but the fresh weight of stems and leaves above the planting plate was the heaviest. In addition, below the planting plate the stem cuttings were longest and the root weight was heaviest at 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 LED light intensity. The number of stolons also differed between cultivars, but was greatest for seedlings raised at 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 LED light intensity, at 4.2/plant for 'Sumi' and 7.7/plant for 'Chubaek'. At 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 LED light intensity, the tuber number and total tuber weight were the best, but the higher the light intensity, the smaller the total tuber number and total tuber weight for both cultivars. In conclusion, when producing potato stem cuttings for aeroponic systems using a closed-type plant production system, the most suitable LED light intensity for raising seedlings was found to be 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.147-148
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• 2010

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.233-248
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• 1998

Food Self-sufficiency rate in Korea was 26.4 percent in 1996. It include $89.9{\%}$ for rice, $99.6{\%}$ for root and tuber crops, and $73.5{\%}$ for barley. To make things worse, self-sufficiency for wheat and corn were far less than 1 percent. As food is considered as weapon, every effort should be given to increase the self-sufficiency. In order to cope with expected food crisis, we suggest wheat and barley be grown in winter period, where there is climate fit. The aim of this paper is to survey systematically the status of food supply and demand of wheat and barley and to encourage farmers make double cropping systems with better stability in yield and economic return.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.115-116
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• 2012

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2011

The effect of flooding and soil salinity on the growth of yam (Dioscorea batatas) were studied on the experimantal site temporally established in the south-eastern part of Saemangeum Reclaimed Tidal Land (near Gwanghwal myun, Gimjae-gun, Jellabukdo, Korea). Yam seedlings planted by using aerial bulblet as alternative of sliced tubers, were grown for 20-days and transplanted in black-vinyl mulched ridges (about 20 cm in height) at 70cm interval by $20{\times}60cm$ spacing in the $4^{th}$ of May, 2010. Soil salinity was maintained at lower than 1.2 ds $m^{-1}$ during the growing period and did not result to salt injury in all plants. However, flooding injury very seriously led to plant death and plant mortality rates at $67{\pm}21$ and $82{\pm}9%$ of yam plants in the compost and no compost treatment, respectively, died by heavy flooding during the rainy summer season. The main reasons of the flooding injury included the decreased rainfall acceptable capacity (RAC) after the rising of water table and a slowdown of water infiltration rate after the formation of an impermeable soil crust in the furrow bottom with continuous and heavy downpour during the rainy summer season. The effect of compost treatment was not statistically observed because of the severe spatial difference caused by wet injury, although yam tuber yield was higher at 30 kg $10^{-1}$ in the compost treatment than in the no-compost treatment at 20 kg $10^{-1}$. However, the size of tuber ranged at 1.23 to 1.60 cm in diameter and 3.7 to 5.0 cm in length in all both treatment, which means they are still reproducible for the next cropping season. Conclusively, proper counter-flooding measure and soil salinity control critically important for successful yam production in Saemangeum Reclaimed Tidal Land.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.146-154
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• 2021

This study was conducted to determine the degree of reduction in the yield of sweetpotato subjected to different shading treatments according to the growing season of the typical viscous sweetpotato 'Hogammi' and the powdery sweetpotato 'Jinyulmi'. Shading was provided using commercially available shading nets (55% and 75% shading level), and the treatments were applied at the following stages of storage root growth: SFS: the storage root formation stage (planting-50^th day), SSS: the storage root swelling stage (50-90^th day), and SAS: the storage root actively swelling Stage (90-120^th day). The growth characteristics according to shading treatments during each growth period, the number of tubers obtained at harvest, and sugar contents were investigated. For both assessed cultivars, there was no significant difference between the control group and the 55% shading treated group with respect to the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II under different shading treatments, whereas the 75% shading group showed slightly higher values than the control group. In both cultivars, the contents of chlorophyll a and b tended to increase in plants subjected to shading treatments compared with the control plants, particularly that of chlorophyll b. Compared with the control group, the chlorophyll b content of 'Hogammi' subjected to 55% and 75% shading increased by 47% and 41%, respectively, whereas that of 'Jinyulmi' increased by 39% and 34%, respectively. We also detected reductions in the dry weights of the above- and belowground parts of the two varieties in response to shading compared with the control, with the reduction in the dry weight of belowground parts being significant. Furthermore, in both varieties, the T/R rate tended to increase in response to shading treatment. Owing to the lack of sunlight, both cultivars tended to suppress the formation and enlargement of tuber roots. Consequently, post-harvest yield analysis revealed that under shading treatments, both cultivars were characterized by poor tuber root growth according to growing season, with the yield of 'Hogammi' showing a greater reduction compared with that of 'Jinyulmi'. In addition, we found that the higher shading level also significantly reduced yields. Compared with the storage root formation and storage root actively swelling stages, shading treatments during the storage root swelling stage significantly affected yield reduction in both varieties.