• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.279-282
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• 2003

패칭은 새로운 비디오 요청들에 대하여 이미 전송중인 동일 비디오 스트림을 공유함으로써 비디오 서버의 네트워크 대역폭 요구를 감소시키며 true VOD를 지원하는 멀티캐스트 기법이다. 본 논문에서는 탐욕 패칭과 점진 패칭의 성능을 향상시키기 위해 두 가지 방법의 장점을 취할 수 있는 혼성 패칭 방법을 제안한다. 혼성 패칭은 탐욕 패칭을 기본으로 하고 있으나 새로운 요청과 동일 비디오에 대한 최근의 정규 멀티캐스트간의 스큐가 패칭 윈도우보다는 크지만 최근의 패칭 멀티캐스트와의 스큐가 패칭 윈도우보다 작은 경우에는 최근의 패칭 멀티캐스트를 정규 멀티캐스트가 되도록 확장함으로써 새로운 요청을 위한 패칭 채널의 시간을 대폭 감소시켜 VOD 시스템의 성능을 향상시키고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.569-572
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• 2002

True VOD 시스템은 클라이언트들이 서비스 요청을 할 때마다 통신망을 통하여 즉시 비디오서비스를 제공할 수 있는 대화형 시스템이다. 그러나 멀티미디어 스트리밍 응용은 비디오나 오디오 클립들이 높은 대역과 긴 재생시간을 요구하기 때문에 많은 서버 및 네트워크 자원을 요구한다. 패칭기법은 클라이언트들의 요청에 대해 미디어 스트림을 멀티캐스트 전송함으로써 요구되는 서버 및 네트워크 자원을 줄이는 동적 멀티캐스트 방법이다. 하지만 패칭은 클라이언트의 요청을 즉시 처리하기 위해 많은 량의 버퍼링을 필요로 하며 높은 디스크 대역을 요구한다. 본 논문에서는 비디오 서버의 입출력 요청을 동적으로 감소시키며, 인기 있는 비디오에 대한 요청을 즉시 처리할 수 있도록 정규채널과 패칭 채널을 예약해 두는 True VOD 시스템을 위한 개선된 패칭 알고리즘을 제안한다.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.5_6
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• pp.223-231
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• 2003

Video-on-Demand (VOD) service needs high resource consumption because of high bandwidth and long playback duration which are characteristics of multimedia. Various techniques such as Patching and Channel-Reserving Patching have been proposed to reduce the demand on the network-I/O bandwidth. Patching allows new clients to join an existing multicast for realization of true VOD, and Channel-Reserving Patching reserves the part of total channel capacity of video server in order to serve the requests for popular videos on which requests of users concentrate. To improve the performance of Channel-Reserving Patching, we propose the method that determines the reserved channel capacity of video server for the popular videos in this paper. The performance of our method is evaluated in terms of average servile latency, defection ratio and fairness through simulation, and is compared with those of Patching and another Channel-Reserving Patching.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.458-468
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• 2009

The patching technique has been used for removing initial waiting time of NVOD. The technique was applicable only to time segmented NVOD services. However, data segmented NVOD methods have been known to have less initial waiting time or use less server's bandwidths than the time segmented NVODs. Therefore, we expect that if patching is applied to a data segmented NVOD, a more efficient NVOD service will be possible. But there has not been such approach. In this paper, we propose a new VOD scheduling algorithm that combines the patching technique with a data segmented NVOD, thus it uses less server's bandwidths and removes initial waiting time, hence makes a true VOD service possible. The proposed technique also absorbs the storage overhead necessary for client buffering incurred by patching into the data segmentation policy of the NVOD scheduling, hence does not need any extra overhead of the client's resource. Therefore, it is also applicable to the case that the client has resource limits.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.9B no.6
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• pp.835-844
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• 2002

The number of channels available to a video server is limited since the number of channels a video server can support is determined by its communication bandwidth. Several approaches such as batching, piggybacking and patching have been proposed to reduce I/O demand on the video server by sharing multicast data. Patching has been shown to be efficient in the matter of the cost for VOD systems. Unlike conventional multicast techniques, patching is a dynamic multicast scheme which enables a new request to join an ongoing multicast. In addition, true VOD can be achieved since a new request can be served immediately without having to wait for the next multicast. In this paper. we propose two types of channel reservation patching algorithm : a fixed channel reservation patching and a variable channel reservation patching. To immediately schedule the requests for popular videos, these algorithms reserve the channels of video server for the fixed number of popular videos or for the variable number of popular videos which is determined dynamically according to the load of video server. The performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated through simulations, and compared with that of simple patching. Our performance measures are average defection rate, average latency, service fairness and the amount of buffered data according to video server loads. Simulation results show that the proposed channel reservation patching algorithms provide better performance compared to simple patching algorithm.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.523-532
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• 2003

Video on Demand(VOD) services cause high resource consumption in a video seuer, because multimedia are characterized by continuous playback, a high bandwidth requirement, and long playback duration. Patching has been proposed to save the network I/O bandwidth of a video server. To achieve true VOD, patching uses multicasting to share video streams, thereby providing immediate VOD services to users without any service latency. A communication channel is used to either multicast the entire video as a regular channel or multicast only the leading portion of a video as a Patching channel. This paper Proposes a buffering patching technique that divides regular channels, as used in patching, into sub-regular channels and regular channels to shorten the holding time of the channels. In the proposed technique, the last portion of video data, corresponding to the size of the buffering window, is not transferred by sub-regular channels, but rather downloaded and buffered in the user buffer from the latest regular channel. When simulations were performed to compare the performance of the proposed technique with that of conventional patching, the results indicated that the proposed technique was superior in terms of the defection rate, average service latency, and fairness, although the amount of video data buffered at each user station was higher than that with patching.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10c
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• pp.184-186
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• 2001

VOD 서비스에서 멀티캐스팅 기법을 적용하여 여러 클라이언트가 동일한 스트림을 공유함으로써 네트워크 대역폭을 절약하려는 연구가 활발하다. 패칭 방법은 기존에 전송되고 있는 멀티캐스팅 스트림을 공유하여 디스크에 임시로 저장하고, 별도의 채널을 생성하여 공유가 불가능한 초기 데이타 스트림을 수신하여 재생한다. 초기 데이타에 대한 재생이 끝나게 되면, 디스크에 저장된 데이타에 대한 재생을 수행한다. 패칭 방식은 네트워크 대역폭을 절약할 수 있는 효과와 더불어 클라이언트의 초기 대기시간을 최소화하여 True VOD를 지원한다. 본 논문에서는 패칭 방식의 VOD 시스템에서 VCR 연산 지원 방식을 제시한다. 멀티캐스팅 환경에서의 VCR 연산은 멀티캐스트 채널에 대한 관리와 개별 클라이언트에 대한 세션 정보의 효율적인 관리를 전제로 하고 있다. 지원하는 종류로는 점프(임의위치 재생), 일시정지 및 일시정지 재개, 종료가 있다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.8B no.5
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• pp.507-514
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• 2001

In VOD(Video-on-Demand) system, the real-time interactive service is one of the most important factor to determine the degree of QoS(Quality of Service). In this paper, we propose the head-end system consisted of switching agent and head-end node, which needs to receive the only video stream for multiple users which have requested the same video, to serve the unlimited interactive service which has no service delay and block. The unlimited VCR services can be served by storing the video stream with buffer at client and head-end node. And the proposed algorithm presents the method to enhance the efficiency by buffer, offer the true interactive VOD services to users because all of service requested by clients are processed immediately. In this paper, we implemented the VOD system which has the VCR functions without service delay and block. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm has better performance in the number of service request and time interval.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a stream based patching technique in order to reduce demands of network output bandwidth required to provide the true video-on-demand (VoD) service in a Multimedia server. The proposed scheme calculates required streams to clients accurately by analyzing temporal relationships between already arrived requests in a multimedia server and still progressing streams, and then transmits streams freshly. Since our stream based patching technique induces new linking stream which is playing a link role between long and short patching streams, it reduces demand of network output bandwidth required to provide the true VoD service in a multimedia server. Accordingly, we know that the proposed scheme improves service latency and defection rate than those of existing patching technique by a simulation study.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.2852-2859
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• 1997

Video-On-Demand system provides electronic video rental services from remote video servers on a broadband communication networks. Most of proposed VOD systems are typically designed for one-to-one conncetion between a user and video server. Therefore, video server stream services to customers individually by allocating a dedicated transmission channel and a set of video server resources for each customer. However, it is inefficiency and wxpensive way when server support multiple users who access the same video stream with a dedicated video channel. Therefore, to achieve cost-effectiveness, batching have studied method that uses multicast communication to simultaneously service all users requesting the same video with a single video with a single video stream. However, the application of the multicast communication by batching detract from the VCR-like function and on-demand nature of the system. In this paepr, we propose a scheme that can support an interactive VCR for all user requesting the same video stream with batching. To reduce a server I/O and network bandwidth requirement, dynamic buffer is allocated to access node which has variable playout poit. Consequently, it makes possible interactive VCR operation as if customer uses true VOD system. Also, this scheme can just deliver a multicast stream without delay after an initial request or VCR action occurred. The policy can guarantee acceptable services to number of users at minimum cost.