• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.87-87
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• 2017

Flowering time of either early or late is one of the crucial parameters that determine the crop productivity. Therefore, elucidation of regulatory mechanisms of flowering time should contribute to breeding for yield enhancement. However, comprehensive explanation on molecular mechanism of flowering has not yet been reported in hexaploidy common wheat (Triticum asetivum L.). The mechanism of flowering in wheat has been studied mostly using flag leaf or floral meristem. The exposed peduncle, which is a shoot part between bottom of the spike and flag leaf, could be an important tissue that is responsible for flowering through various molecules expressing. To clarify for transcriptomic dynamics in the wheat peduncle that was uncovered by leaf sheath of flag leaf, RNA sequencing and transcriptomic analysis were conducted. With this, we also analyzed other transcriptomic results deposited in the public DB to identify genes specially expressed in peduncle tissue at transition from vegetative to reproductive phase. The obtained results will provide valuable information to understand the role of peduncle for flowing regulation in wheat aimming for elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of wheat flowering.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.122-122
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• 2017

Wheat wild relatives that have never been domesticated contained useful genetic resources such as the resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Leymus racemosus is one of the wild species. It can grow in a harsh environment like seaside and distribute by healthy rhizomes. Also, it has a useful genetic resource such as salt tolerance and different diseases resistance. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinese Spring; CS) was crossed with L. racemosus. Wheat-L. racemosus disomic addition lines were produced. The purpose of this study is to identify protein expression in each disomic addition line compared to CS. We performed two-dimensional electrophoresis. Two-dimensional gels stained with coomassie brilliant blue (CBB), a total of 1566 differentially expressed proteins were identified by Progenesis Same Spots software from the cultivars. However, a total of 90 protein spots were identified to be either present or absent or showing significantly differential expression when the difference threshold was set to more than 1.5 fold. However, out of the 90 differentially protein spots, a total of 74 spots were sorted for mass spectrometry analysis. The identified proteins may provide important clues for better understanding the molecular changes in the chromosomes carrying Leymus racemosus.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 1999

To investigate kernel hardness, a compression test which is widely used to measure the hardness of individual kernels as a physical testing method was made simultaneously with the measurement of friabilin (15KDa) which is strongly associated with kernel hardness and was recently developed as a biochemical marker for evaluating kernel hardness in 79 Korean wheat varieties and experimental lines. With the scattered diagram based on the principal component analysis from the parameters of the compression test, 79 Korean wheat varieties were classified into three groups based on the principal component analysis. Since conventional methods required large amount of flour samples for analysis of friabilin due to the relatively small amount of friabilin in wheat kernels, those methods had limitations for quality prediction in wheat breeding programs. An extraction of friabilin from the starch of a single kernel through cesium chloride gradient centrifugation was successful in this experiment. Among 79 Korean wheat varieties and experimental lines 50 lines (63.3%) exhibited a friabilin band and 29 lines (36.7%) did not show a friabilin band. In this study, lines that contained high maximum force and the lower ratio of minimum force to maximum force showed the absence of the friabilin band. Identification of friabilin, which is the product of a major gene, could be applied in the screening procedures of kernel hardness. The single kernel analysis system for friabilin was found to be an easy, simple and effective screening method for early generation materials in a wheat breeding program for quality improvement.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2018

Leaf blotch of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a major constraint to wheat production, causing significant yield reduction resulting in severe economic impact. The present study characterizes to determine and compare pathogenic variability exist/not based on components of leaf blotch disease development and level of aggressiveness due to agroclimatic condition of B. sorokiniana in wheat. A total of 169 virulent isolates of B. sorokiniana isolated from spot blotch infected leaf from different wheat growing agroclimate of Bangladesh. Pathogenic variability was investigated on a susceptible wheat variety 'kanchan' now in Bangladesh. A clear evidence of positive relationship among the components was recorded. From hierarchical cluster analysis five groups were originating among the isolates. It resolved that a large amount of pathogenic diversity exists in Bipolaris sorokiniana. Variation in aggressiveness was found among the isolates from different wheat growing areas. Most virulent isolates BS 24 and BS 33 belonging to High Ganges River Flood Plain agro-climatic zones considered by rice-wheat cropping pattern, hot and humid weather, high land and low organic matter content in soil. Positive relationship was found between pathogenic variability and aggressiveness with agro-climatic condition.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.214-219
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• 2004

This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of Sinjigolpy-tang on the diabetic rats induced by STZ. After experimental diabets was induced by 55mg/kg of STZ injection, we administered Sinjigolpy-tang extract for 14 days after STZ injection. Glucagon and insulin granules in Langerhans islets were stained by use of immunohistochemical(ABC) method and observed the relative amount of the each granules in Langerhans islet by light microscope and image analysis system. Area % of insulin granules in Langerhans islets in Sinjigolpy-tang increased and showed the statistically significant difference with the control group at 14th day. Area % of glucagon granules in Langerhans islets in Sinjigolpy-tang decreased and showed the statistically significant difference with the control group at 7th and 14th day. It can be inferred that Sinjigolpy-tang has a control effect on glucagon and insulin granules in Langerhans islets of diabetic rats induced by STZ.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.571-578
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• 1997

The development of new approaches for wheat grain hardness assessment may impact the grain industry in marketing, milling and breeding. This experiment was to develop a new method for fast identification between softness and hardness, and for maintaining germinability of seed after measurement in wheat. Results from the comparisons of accuracy and significance between image analysis and conventional methods(NIRS and textrometer) were summarized. Data obatined from image analysis for grain hardness did not show any difference from those of the conventional methods. The protein content analyzed by micro-Kjeldahl method was significantly correlated with the grain hardness measured by image analysis, textrometer, and NIRS. The analysis for wheat grain hardness using image analysis may be used as an alternative method to the conventional methods. This method also takes the seeds after analysis can be utilized as breeding materials in early generations.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.113-117
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• 1974

In counting chromosome number and karyotype study, it is necessary to let chromosomes on metaphase by pretreatment before fixation. For this purpose, colchicine, or 8-oxyquinoline are generally used. The author found out that chromosomes could be scattered by illuminating cyanoferrate complex solution in which root-tips were sunk. As materials, 8 sorts of plant such as Allium fisturosum, allium tuberosum Rottler, Triticum vulgare were used. Their root-tips were sunk on the bottom of beaker in potassium ferricyanide solution $3{\times}10-4M$ and illuminated through the solution by sterilizing lamp for 1~2 hours in dark room, keeping 10 cm distance from light source to the surface of solution and 2cm depth of solution. Then again, they were illuminated to the light which was somewhat weaker intensity than the former (distance, 16cm; depth, 3cm) for 1.5~2 hours after immersed in 1/100N-HCl and washed in water for each 5minutes. By such methods chromosomes could be scattered. About the mechanism of scattering, it is supposed that CN and Fe(CN)x ions $(x {\leq}5)$ which were gradually produced in the process of photodissociation acted together on the scattering of chromosomes.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 1994

To investigate characterization of the ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitors from cereals and legumes produced in Korea, inhibitory activities against ${\alpha}$-amylase with the inhibitor from barley(Hordeum vulgare), wheat(Triticum aestivun), black bean(Glycine max), bean(Cajanus cajon) and pea(Pisum sativum) were measured. Among the samples tested, inhibitors from naked barley and black bean(sabong) which showed the highest inhibitor activities of cereals and legumes, respectively, were characterized according to treatment condition. The results obtained were summarized as follows. During the germination of naked barley and black bean, ${\alpha}$-amylase activities were gradually increased but inhibitory activities against ${\alpha}$-amylases were decreased. Both activities were gradually decreased when naked barley and black bean were stored. More than 50% of activities of the inhibitors from naked barley and black bean were remained at 100$^{\circ}C$ for 15 min and 20 min, respectively, indicating that the inhibitor from black bean was more stable to heat than that of barley.

• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2003

Effects of shaking, medium consistency and anther density on polyhaploid production in two wheat cultivars, Pavon and Chris, were studied using a modified 85D12 medium. Pavon produced more calli in shaking and more albino plants tban Chris. However, Chris produced threefold more green plants than Pavon in non-shaking treatment. More calli and green plants were derived from non-shaking treatment than those from shaking treatment. Anthers were cultured on both liquid and semi-solid 85D12 media, using two anther densities, 48 and 96 anthers per plate. Although Pavon generally produced more calli and albino plants than Chris, Chris produced more green plants than Pavon. More green plants were derived from semi-solid medium than those from liquid medium. A factor that may affect plant regeneration from anthers is the length of time on initiation medium. Most of the calli for both genotypes were transferred during the first two time periods. Fertility, as measured by seed set, was determined for all surviving regenerated plants. About 24% of Chris and Pavon anther-derived green plants in the experiment of medium consistency and anther density produced seed.

• Mycobiology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.113-117
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• 2011

A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the induction of constricting rings and test predation of Dactylaria brochopaga isolates against second stage juveniles (J2s) of Meloidogyne graminicola. Among the five fungal isolates, isolate D showed the greatest number of predatory rings and, consequently, trapped the maximum number of M. graminicola J2s in dual cultures. Another pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of D. brochopaga (isolate D) on the management of wheat root-knot disease. Applying a mass culture (10 g/pot) and a spore suspension of the fungus with and without cow dung manure to soil infested with 2,000 M. graminicola juveniles significantly improved plant height, root length, weights of shoots, roots, panicles and grains per hill compared to those in the control. Moreover, the fungus significantly reduced the number of root-knots, the number of egg masses, juveniles, and females per hill compared to those in the control. Bio-efficacy of the fungus was heightened when the mass culture and a spore suspensions were used in combination with cow dung manure to improve the plant growth parameters and reduce the number of root-knot and reproductive factors. Further investigations should be conducted to identify the impact of this fungus in the field.