• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.34-49
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• 2018

Sustainability in fashion pertains to all stages within the product lifecycle, starting with the procurement of raw materials and ending with the disposal of the product. To clarify, the Lifecycle Management (LCM) views the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) from the perspective of a product's lifecycle. Sustainable products are identified based on their lifecycle, causing public attention to turn towards Product Lifecycle Management (PLM). As of now, PLM is largely known to have a strong impact on New Product Development (NPD). As such, the objective of this research is to study how PLM-based sustainable NPD models, when applied to the fashion industry, can produce a wide understanding of sustainable fashion products from a variety of angles. In order to achieve the research objective, this study did a selective case study on 20 sustainable fashion brands; conducted 1:1 in-depth interviews with 24 fashion experts, including both sustainable and non-sustainable experts; and took part in participant observation of 5 sustainable fashion brands. The results of the study indicate that there are specific conditions that must be met at each stage of production for the development of sustainable products by fashion brands. However, due to the lack of technological skills and the dearth of sustainability experts within the organization, management, monitoring and systematic collection of data is not properly implemented - leading to problems with the quantification of crucial data. This study aims to further forward the debate regarding the development of sustainable fashion products and its future implications.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.61-74
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• 2015

Amid intense port competition in Northeast Asia, international ports require sustainable growth based on competitiveness that incorporates economic, social, and environmental perspectives. Despite the importance of sustainability issues in port competition, prior studies on port competitiveness have focused on ports' own handling capacities. Moreover, sustainability concerns have focused on environmental issues such as environmental impact minimization and environmental index development. The prior literature makes distinctions between studies of port competitiveness and works relating to port sustainability. Therefore, this paper aims to redefine sustainable port competitiveness based on the "triple bottom line," comprising sustainability, analysis of the relevant issues, and practices. The findings offer not only important steps in building knowledge about sustainable port competitiveness, but also provide practical implications for strategic agendas and guidance for future improvements in port operations.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.37-56
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• 1994

The effects of wave energy focusing by a submerged berm type of structure is examined. The fundamental idea is based on the phenomenon of refraction by a lens-shaped crescent structure which results in the focusing of wave energy on the center line of the structure. The shape of the submerged structure is a complex curve combining circular with elliptical elements. Based on the design procedure, a special configuration of structure(termed herein as a triple crescent structure) is introduced. Next, some hydraulic model tests are performed to confirm the wave focusing effect in laboratory. In addition, in order to interpret the wave focusing performance behind the structure, a numerical procedure by the hybrid element method is used on the basis of the conventional mild slope equation but modified and extended to allow for steeper bottom slopes and higher curvature. The modified refraction and diffraction provide additional mechanism for wave height amplification and the maximum amplification for triple crescent structure is presented. It also allows for the possibility of wave energy scattering with the change of the incident wave direction. Comparisons with previous theoretical results involving a submerged crescent shape structure are described.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.228.2-228.2
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• 2014

Characteristics of high Fermi velocity, high mechanical strength, and transparency offer tremendous advantages for using graphene as a promising transparent conducting material [1] in electronic devices. Although graphene is a prospective candidate for touch sensor with strong mechanical properties [2] and flexibility, only few investigations have been carried out in the field of sensor as a device form. In this study, we suggest ultra-highly sensitive and transparent graphene touch sensor fabricated by single layer graphenes. One of the graphene layers is formed in the top panel as a disconnected graphene beam transferred on PDMS, and the other of the graphene layer is formed with line-patterning on the bottom panel of triple structure PET/PI/SiO2. The touch sensor shows characteristics of flexible. Its transmittance is approximately 75% where transmittance of the top panel and the bottom panel are 86.3% and 87%, respectively, at 550 nm wavelength. Sheet resistance of each graphene layer is estimated as low as $971{\Omega}/sq$. The results show that the conductance change rate (${\Delta}C/C0$) is $8{\times}105$ which depicts ultra-high sensitivity. Moreover, reliability characteristic confirms consistent behavior up to a 100-cycle test.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.735-737
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• 2008

We propose a novel spatial multi-band-stop filter using modified multiple loop array elements to block electromagnetic waves or signals of mobile phones in public facilities. It operates at the following frequency bands: Korean cellular (824 MHz to 894 MHz), Personal Communication Service (PCS) (1.75 GHz to 1.87 GHz), and IMT-2000 (1.92 GHz to 2.17 GHz). Two frequency selective surfaces with modified multiple-loop elements are printed on the top and bottom of a pair-glass pane, which is a pair of glass panes with an air gap between them. A modified multiple-loop element with a meander line is used to make the size of the filter compact. The simulated and measured results show good agreement, which confirms the usefulness of the proposed tri-band spatial filter.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

Tourism has been considered as the largest industry in the world, which is contributing towards employment generation, wealth creation and pursuing social benefits. Growing concern about the impact of human activities upon the environment, increased awareness of and concern for global environment have intensified the demand for sustainable tourism and their focus on balancing of: profit-driven motives, preserving and enhancing the social as well as ecological balance. Based on secondary materials and content analysis present study evaluated existing status of sustainable tourism development and explored important change strategies for future improvement of tourism sector in Bangladesh. The study recognized different views of change management and various strategies for obtaining sustainability in tourism industry. The present study identified the institutional networks, challenges in the way of applying systems approach to change management for sustainable tourism development and suggested important options for overcoming the impediments to operate through the proposed strategic framework in Bangladesh.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.259-268
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• 2007

In a very competitive construction business environment there is a need to measure and manage business performance across a wider spectrum of business success criteria. The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and Triple Bottom Line (TBL) reporting concepts are emerging as champions in the race for sustainable business success. The construction business organisations are often judged based on their financial performance as well as wider performance. This paper aims at developing a universally accepted tool for assessing contractors' wider business performance in the construction industry. A prototype of web-based business performance measurement system has been developed to help contractors assess their own performance aimed at uplifting their performance. The consultants/clients can also use the tool to measure contractors' performance in a value-based contractor selection. The system was developed based on the research conducted among 63 senior construction professionals and therefore further research with the participation of a large number of managers across different countries and also an upgrade of the system will be required.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.302-309
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• 2009

The effectiveness of Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools and processes has been recognized by the industry and owners are beginning to adopt Triple Bottom Line accounting practices, to enhance economic performance and environmental and social performance. However, the widespread and practical application of Green BIM remains largely unrealized. The authors identify that lack of understanding of the applicability of sustainability metrics to BIM design process is a significant barrier to this adoption. Through literature review this paper outlines the various sustainability metrics available to construction and elaborates on the potential of BIM for sustainable design. The paper maps and correlates applicable concepts of sustainability evaluation systems to BIM and describes the constraints in current BIM tools.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.157-179
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• 2009

This papers aims to focus on the city marketing as the green growth policy strategies using a case study of Gangneung City, Republic of Korea. In the case study it was verified the fields of urban growth including ecology, culture, alternative and recycled energy, green transportation system. The implications of the study were as follows: First, the city government had regenerated the coastal pine forest through removing unlicensed buildings which were squatted down in decades. Secondly, the city government has recognized the value of culture that possessed various types of cultural asserts. Thirdly, it is possible to use and produce the ocean energy with the tidal power plant, wind power plant and green deep water because Gangneung City has the ocean-oriented image and is located the coastal region. Lastly, the city government has been utilizing the LED traffic light using solar heat and is going to apply the green car like an electric car. This paper indicates the importance of the alternatives of the green growth-oriented policy through city marketing using the concept of culture and ecology. The city government will strive after an advanced triple bottom line with the ecological sustainability, cultural diversity and economic effectiveness in the near future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.299-308
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• 2016

Seoul metropolitan has established a vision as 'Healthy water-cycle city' to resolve urban water-environmental deterioration. And it established administrative structure to expand Low Impact Development (LID) facilities to recover aggravated water-cycle and water-environment. Therefore, various LID facilities are constructed and operated, however, benefit analytic plans for systematic valuation are insufficient. In this study, to analyze economic, environmental and social benefits of LID facilities, contents for benefit analysis were selected and categorized as water, energy, air quality and climate changes. As a result of quantification and valuation to the beneficial effects, LID facilities showed the total benefit as 1,191~3,292 won/yr. Characteristics of benefit distribution by analysis contents were various reflecting functional characteristics of each LID facility (Water: 30~90%, Energy: 4~44%, Air quality: <1~2%, Climate change: 5~22%). As a result of Triple Bottom Line analysis, economic benefit showed the greatest portion as 75~90%. As further studies, suggested benefit assessment plans for each LID facility should be applied to inter-connected LID systems on complex-scaled area, and synergy effects by various LID systems would be evaluated such as prevention of heat island and flood disasters.