• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.48-56
• /
• 2002

마산만에 대하여 stella 프로그램을 이용한 Tributyltin모델을 구축하였으며, 민감도 분석 및 물질수지를 산정하여 수질관리의 기초자료로 제공하였다. 민감도 분석결과 수층과 유기 입자내 Tributyltin의 경우는 침강속도와 분배계수에 가장 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 식물플랑크톤 체내의 Tributyltin의 경우는 식물플랑크톤의 생물농축계수가 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 인자로 나타났다. 따라서 추후의 Tributyltin에 대한 모델 적용 시에는 이들 계수에 대한 정밀한 고찰이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 대상해역의 Tributyltin 현존량은 수층의 Tributyltin량이 3.29×10⁴g, 플랑크톤 체내의 Tributyltin량이 1.16×10²g, 입자상 유기물내의 Tributyltin량이 3.17×10³g로 나타났다 상간의 전환경로는 입자상 유기물로 분배되는 경로가 1.64×10³g/day로 가장 크게 나타났으며, 다음이 저질로의 침전으로 1.52×10³/g/4ay이었으며 외해로의 유출이 1.32×10³g/4ay로 나타났다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.89-93
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study finds out the effect of red ginseng extract(1.0 g/kg) on bis(tributyltin)oxide(TBTO)(10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) which poisons against some organs like thyroid gland, liver, kidney, testis, ovary. Serum immunity and sex hormone activity of rats are examined by gastric tubing for 3 weeks. The weights of each in treated group were increased, especially liver in females and those of testis in males were signignificantly increased at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg (P<0.05, P<0.01). In group treated with TBTO(10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) for females, the serum IgG level was significantly reduced in comparison with control group(P<0.05). The group of females which were poisonned by TBTO and rGe was significantly recovered in TBTO 10 mg/kg + rGe 1.0 g/kg and TBTO 20 mg/kg + rGe 1.0 g/kg. In case of sex hormone activity of each sex, the estradiol activity of females and testosterone activity of males were signignificantly decreased rather than the control group. And control group by bis(tributyltin) oxide and red ginseng extract is just increased estiradiol activity.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.158-163
• /
• 2003

유기주석화합물은 독성이 강하고 잔존력이 감하여 수계환경으로 유입되면 해양생태계에 오랫동안 영향을 미친다 이들 화합물이 해양생불에 미치는 영향에 관해서는 어류나 패류 등의 산업적 가치가 큰 생물종을 대상으로 한 연구는 적지 않지만, 해양생태계에서 먹이사슬의 가장 하부에 위치하며 기초생산을 담당하는 플랑크톤류에 미치는 영향에 관해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 TBT류의 TBTC, TBTO, TBTA, TBTB를 비롯하여 TPT류의 TPTC, TPTF, TPTH가 기수산 rotifer의 생존에 미치는 독성(96 hr-LC$_{50}$)을 조사.비교하였다. 그 결과, TBT류에서는 TBTA(1.1 ppb)가 가장 강하였고 TBTC (2.0), TBTB (3.3), TBTO (5.6)의 순이었으며, TPT류에서는 TPTF (1.0), TPTC (1.1), TPTH(1.6)의 순이었다. 이 결과는 TPT류가 전반적으로 TBT류에 비해 독성이 강하다는 것을 보여준다.다.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제22권
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2004

Tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation products, dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT) were quantitatively determined in surface sediments and two molluscan species, Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and rock shell (Thais ctavigera), from Gwangyang Bay, Korea. Butyltin compounds were detectable in almost all sediment and biota samples. Tributyltin concentrations in surface sediment ranged<2∼33 ng g$\^$-1/, which is at a lower end of TBT concentrations in industrialized bays in Korea. However, TBT levels in sediments were related to boating activities around the bay. In biota samples, TBT concentrations were in the range of 178∼2,458 ng g$\^$-1/ toy oyster and 47∼236 ng g$\^$-1/ for rock shell. Relatively high TBT concentrations in biota were found near wharves for fisherboats and harbor areas. About 90∼100％ of the female T. clavigera displayed imposex, and relative penis length index of the imposexed-female was in the range of 20.9∼107.9％. Furthermore, TBT body residue had a significant positive relationship with degree of imposex in T. clavigera. Overall, TBT concentrations in Gwanyang Bay were much lower than other major bays in Korea.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 2006

The effects of tributyltin acetate (TBTA), one of the endocrine-disrupting organotin compounds, on dopamine biosynthesis in PC12 cells were investigated. Treatment of PC12 cells with TBTA at $0.05\sim0.25{\mu}M$ significantly decreased the intracellular dopamine content in a concentration-dependent manner ($IC_{50}$ value, $0.17{\mu}M$). Under these conditions, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and TH mRNA level were also decreased by $0.1{\mu}M$ TBTA at 24 h, and recovered there-after. In addition, treatment with L-DOPA at 20 and $50 {\mu}M$ increased the intracellular dopamine content in PC12 cells and the increase in dopamine content by L-DOPA was significantly abolished by TBTA at $0.1\sim0.2{\mu}M$. These results indicate that TBTA at $0.1\sim0.2{\mu}M$ causes the decrease in the basal dopamine content and abolishes the increase in dopamine content in L-DOPA-treated cells in part by the inhibition of TH gene expression and activity.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2007

Accumulation of tributyltin (TBT) in serum, liver and muscle of olive flounder (Paralichtys olivaceus) was investigated in a 60-d static renewal exposure at $0.1{\mu}g$ TBT/L. Tributyltin accumulated rapidly from 83 ng Sn/g to 2,227 ng Sn/g on a wet weight basis in the serum of the olive flounder and to a greater extent than in the other tissues. The accumulated TBT concentrations in tissues were in the order of serum>liver>muscle on wet or dry-weight basis. High concentrations of dibutyltin (DBT: 990 ng Sn/g dry wt) and monobutyltin (MBT: 141 ng Sn/g dry wt), degradation products of TBT were found in liver of olive flounder at the end of exposure. On the other hand, DBT and MBT was below the detection limits in muscle during the exposure, and only low concentration of DBT (56 ng Sn/g) were detectefd in serum. Butyltin compounds were also quantitatively determined in feral fine-spotted flounder (Pleuronichthys cornutus) collected from Gwangyang Bay as one of polluted area and Sori Island as a reference site. All three butyltin compounds were detected from the fine-spotted flounder from Gwangyang Bay up to 3,107 ng Sn/g of total butyltins in liver, while 120 ng Sn/g of total butyltin concentration was found in the liver of fish from Sori Island.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.357-362
• /
• 2002

Tests for the toxicity of tributyltin (TBT) were conducted on mysid collected from Dadepo beach, Pusan, Korea. The toxic effects of tributyltin on the survival, growth and oxygen consumption of the mysid, Neomysis awatschensis have been evaluated. Mysids were exposed to several concentrations of TBT (0, 0.56, 1.15, 3.07 and 6.12 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L) for 6 weeks. Survival rate was decreased with increases in concentration and exposure time and the reduction of more than 40％ occurred at TBT concentration greater than 1.15 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L after 6 weeks. Growth rate was significantly decreased at concentrations greater than 1.15 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L. Oxygen consumption rate was also decreased in a concentration-dependent way and significantly decreased to 39,47 and 69％ of the control at 1.15, 3.07 and 6.12 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L, respectively. These results indicate that the contamination of aquatic environment by TBT has the potential to significantly reduce coastal and estuaries recruitment of mysids.

• 한국양식학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 2004

The influence of TBTO (Tributyltin-Oxide) at a series of concentrations (0.52, 1.41 and 3.05 $\mu$g/L) for a period of 3 weeks on estradiol-17$\beta$, testosterone and cortisol levels in male Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli was investigated. Compared to the stable concentration of estradiol-17$\beta$, plasma testosterone level was decreased significantly at the 3rd week after TBTO exposure in plasma of fish (＞1.41 $\mu$g/L). The most profound physiological variation in TBTO exposed fish was a dramatic increase in plasma cortisol level at 3rd week. Conclusively, TBTO exposure caused increase level of cortisol as well as alteration of testosterone in the Korean rockfish. These results suggest that TBTO at environmentally relevant (nanomolar) concentrations disrupt endocrine secretions.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.68-69
• /
• 2003

Tributyltin (TBT) used world-wide in antifouling paints for ships is a widespread environmental pollutant and cause reproductive organs atrophy in rodents. At low doses, antiproliferative modes of action have been shown to be involved, whereas at higher doses apoptosis seems to be the mechanism of toxicity in reproductive organs by TBT. (omitted)

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.261-265
• /
• 2013

The study was conducted to investigate the responses of the hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system in the rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus after chronic exposure to 0, 1, 2, 4, and $8{\mu}g/L$ tributyltin (TBT) concentrations for 4 weeks. Hepatic cytochrome 450 content and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation (EROD) activity were found to significantly increase in fish treated with the higher concentration of TBT (${\geq}4{\mu}g/L$); however, no significant changes were observed in penthoxyresorufin O-deethylation (PROD) activity in all treated groups compared to the control group. These findings suggest that exposure to a low TBT concentration (${\geq}4{\mu}g/L$) has the potential to induce cytochrome 450 content and EROD enzyme activity in hepatic tissue in the rock bream.