• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize and evaluate the clinical significance of volume changes of soft tissue sarcomas during radiation therapy (RT), prior to definitive surgical resection. Materials and Methods: Patients with extremity or pelvis soft tissue sarcomas treated at our institution from 2013 to 2016 with RT prior to resection were identified retrospectively. Tumor volumes were measured using cone-beam computed tomography obtained daily during RT. Linear regression evaluated the linearity of volume changes. Kruskal-Wallis tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and linear regression evaluated predictors of volume change. Logistic and Cox regression evaluated volume change as a predictor of resection margin status, histologic treatment response, and tumor recurrence. Results: Thirty-three patients were evaluated. Twenty-nine tumors were high grade. Prior to RT, median tumor volume was 189 mL (range, 7.2 to 4,885 mL). Sixteen tumors demonstrated significant linear volume changes during RT. Of these, 5 tumors increased and 11 decreased in volume. Myxoid liposarcoma (n = 5, 15%) predicted decreasing tumor volume (p = 0.0002). Sequential chemoradiation (n = 4, 12%) predicted increasing tumor volume (p = 0.008) and corresponded to longer times from diagnosis to RT (p = 0.01). Resection margins were positive in three cases. Five patients experienced local recurrence, and 7 experienced distant recurrence, at median 8.9 and 6.9 months post-resection, respectively. Volume changes did not predict resection margin status, local recurrence, or distant recurrence. Conclusion: Volume changes of pelvis and extremity soft tissue sarcomas followed linear trends during RT. Volume changes reflected histologic subtype and treatment characteristics but did not predict margin status or recurrence after resection.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.99-105
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• 2017

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties in 90% hot forged Incoloy 825 alloy. With increasing solution treatment temperature, the grain size increased and the volume fraction of total precipitates decreased, and the precipitates disappeared at $1,000^{\circ}C$. With increasing aging time at $700^{\circ}C$, the volume fraction of precipitate increased and the precipitates size increased. Most of the precipitates consist $Cr_{23}C_6$ carbide, and a small amount of TiC carbide was also observed. With decreasing solution treatment temperature and increasing aging time, tensile strength and hardness increased, and the elongation and impact value decreased. With increasing aging time, the impact value decreased sharply by the increased of the precipitate size.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.100-105
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• 2014

This study is to investigate the effect of thermo mechanical treatment on the mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel. ${\alpha}^{\prime}$ and ${\varepsilon}$-martensite was formed by deformation. With increasing number of thermo mechanical treatment, volume fraction of martensite was increased rapidly, and then unchanged. With increasing number of thermo mechanical treatment, hardness and strength was increased rapidly, and then unchanged while elongation was decreased rapidly, and then unchanged. With increasing volume fraction of martensite formed by thermo mechanical treatment, hardness and strength was increased rapidly, elongation was decreased rapidly. Thus, hardness, strength and elongation of thermo mechanical treated 316L stainless steel was strongly affected by martensite formed by thermo mechanical treatment. Good combination of strength and elongation was obtained from thermomechanical treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.219-224
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• 2013

In this study, we investigated effect of Mo addition on mechanical properties of Cu added ADI. Ductile cast iron specimens were austenitized at $900^{\circ}C$ for 150 min and then austempered at $380^{\circ}C$ for the various time periods from 15 min to 480 min. Mo added ADI had a higher volume fraction of retained austenite, and the volume fraction of retained austenite was determined by XRD analysis. As decreasing volume fraction of retained austenite, the elongation was also decreased as expected. But the UTS and yield strength were not decreased.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.169-174
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• 2000

TAO system was applied to treatment of piiggery slurry. In the experiments, the volume of influx was differentiated in four types. The features of operation, evaporation rate, and efficiency of successive treatment were drawn. The results are; 1. During the operation, the inside temperature was maintained at over $60^{\circ}C$ with the highest $70.2^{\circ}C$. 2. The evaporation rate of influx volume was 31.4%. And the evaporation volume of per square meter was $108{\;}\ell/\textrm{m}^2$; slightly different from $120{\;}\ell/\textrm{m}^2$ of batch type. 3. The VFAs was decreased by 95% (from $1,538lmg/{\ell}$ in influx to $72.9mg/{\ell}$ in Efflux). Thus, successive operation of TAO system is considered to be possible.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2002

Effect of abnormal grain growth and heat treatment time on the electrical properties of donor-doped semiconductive BaTiO$_3$ceramics was examined. La-doped BaTiO$_3$ceramics was sintered at 134$0^{\circ}C$ for different times from 10 to 600 min in order to change the volume fraction of the abnormal grains in samples. As a result, samples with different volume fraction of abnormal grain growth from 22 to 100% were prepared. The samples were annealed at 120$0^{\circ}C$ for various times. The resistivity of the sam-ples at room and above Curie temperature was examined. The complex impedance measurement as functions of the volume fraction of abnormal grains and annealing time was conducted. Separation of complex impedance semicircle was observed in a sample in which abnormal and fine grains coexist. The results are discussed from a viewpoint of microstructure-property relationship.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.73-78
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• 2000

On this study, the fatigue crack propagation of super duplex stainless steel is investigated in conditions of various volume fraction of austenite phase by changing heat treatment temperature. And we analysed acoustic emission signals during the fatigue test by time-frequency analysis methods. As the temperature of heat treatment increased, volume fraction of austenite decreased and coarse grain was obtained. The specimen heat treated at $1200^{\circ}C$ had longer fatigue life and slower rate of crack growth. As a result of time-frequency analyze of acoustic emission signals during fatigue test, main frequency was $200{\sim}300kHz$ having no correlation with heat treatment and crack length, and 500kHz was obtained by dimple and separate of inclusion

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.sup1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2016

Background: This study analyzed the association between the volume of heart surgeries and treatment outcomes for hospitals in the last five years. Methods: Hospitals that perform heart surgeries were chosen throughout Korea as subjects using from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. The treatment outcome of the heart surgeries was defined as the mortality within 30 postoperative days, while the annual volume of the surgeries was categorized. Logistic regression was used as the statistical analysis method, and the impacts of the variables on the heart surgery treatment outcomes were then analyzed. Results: The chance of death of patients who received surgery in a hospital that performed 50 or more surgeries annually was noticeably lower than patients receiving operations from hospitals that performed fewer than 50 surgeries annually, indicating that the chance of death decreases as the annual volume of heart surgeries in the hospital increases. In particular, the mortality rate in hospitals that performed more than 200 surgeries annually was less than half of that in hospitals that performed 49 or fewer surgeries annually. Conclusion: These results indicate that accumulation of a certain level of heart surgery experience is critical in improving or maintaining the quality of heart surgeries. In order to improve the treatment outcomes of small hospitals, a support policy must be implemented that allows for cooperation with experienced professionals.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.387-392
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• 1994

Purpose : This study was done to confirm the reference point variation according to variation in applicator configuration in each fractioation of HDR ICR. Materials and Methods : We analyzed the treatment planning of HDRICR for 33 uterine cervical cancer patients treated in department of therapeutic radiology from January 1992 to February 1992. Analysis was done with respect to three view points-Interfractionation A point variation, interfractionation bladder and rectum dose ratio variation, interfractionation treatment volume variation. Interfractionation A point variation was defined as difference between maximum and minimum distance from fixed rectal point to A point in each patient. Interfractionation bladder and rectum dose ratio variation was defined as difference between maximum and minimum dose ratio of bladder or rectum to A point dose in each patient, Interfractionation treatment volume variation was defined as difference between miximum and minimum treatment volume which absorbed over the described dose-that is, 350 cGy or 400 cGy-in each patient. Results The mean of distance from rectum to A point was 4.44cm, and the mean of interfractionation distance variation was 1.14 cm in right side,1.09 cm in left side. The mean of bladder and rectum dose ratio was $63.8\%$ and $63.1\%$ and the mean of interfractionation variation was $14.9\%$ and $15.8\%$ respectively. With fixed planning administration of same planning to all fractionations as in first fractionation planning-mean of bladder and rectum dose ratio was $64.9\%$ and $72.3\%$.and the mean of interfraction variation was $28.1\%$ and $48.1\%$ reapectively. The mean of treatment volume was $84.15cm^3$ and the interfractionation variation was $21.47cm^2$. Conclusion : From these data, it was confirmed that there should be adapted planning for every fractionation ,and that confirmation device installed in ICR room would reduce the interfractionation variation due to more stable applicator configuration.

• Journal of The Association for Neo Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.31-37
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• 1996

${\ulcorner}Volume\;1{\lrcorner}$ of ${\ulcorner}$Medical Records as a Guide to Clinical Works${\lrcorner}$, written by Ye Tian Shi, showed some clinical cases of dizziness. In this study, his diagnosis and treatment was studied with 16 clinical cases of dizziness with pathogenic factor, pathogenesis and symptoms of dizziness. Ye Tian Shi thought that phlegm, fire, wind and insufficiency were the causes of dizziness and phlegm-fire, phlegm-fire-wind, wind-phlegm and insufficiencyfire-wind were the causes of dizziness, clinically. Dizziness is caused when the body is in condition of excess in the upper and deciency in the lower. The acompanying clinical symptoms of dizziness are endogenous wind, fire of deficiency type, phlegm wind and phelegm fire. For the treatment of dizziness, Ye Tian Shi used the combination of medicines with some modifications by the cases for phlegm, fire, wind and insufficiency. He also encouraged the mental therapy for the treatment of dizziness. He emphasized the early treatment of dizziness to prevent hemiplegia after apoplexy. It can be postulated from Volume 1 of ${\ulcorner}$Medical Records as a Guide to Clinical Works${\lrcorner}$, diagnosis and treatment of symptoms and illness of Ye Tian Shi was strictly based on actual clinical cases.