• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.31-49
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate discomforts and sexual life and to identify the relation between the discomforts and sexual life with low back pain. The data were collected from March 2 through July 31, 2001. Four hundred forty-two questionnaires were returned (response rate=88.0%). Analysis of the data was done with SPSS PC+ and use descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA. regression. The statistics shows that over than 80% of the adults experienced lumbago at least one time in their life, and Back pain is known as one of the most common complaints made by the patients of all ages in the general hospital or local medical clinics throughout. However, in certain case it leads to a chronic condition which can cause a great deal of problems in management and in financial burden to individuals and society. The result of this study was summarized as follows: 1) It appeared that regarding the distribution of gender, male was the higher(63.6%) then that of female, the portion of forties was 28.5%. Sitting for long time was 23.1% in men and 21.7% in women. Unknown reason including sexual behaviour was 12.9% in men and 15.5% in women. Patients treated medicine and physical therapy were 36.4%. In level of educational background, the rate of high school was 31.0%, technical college was 28.5%. The highest proportion by occupation was 18.3% of office workers, occupation posture was 41.9% of sitting. 2) Men(26.0%) and most of women(34.8%) were not satisfied in the explanation satisfaction rate of sex life concerned disease. 23.8% in men and 23.6% in women considered flexibility of waist good. Man(33.3%) and most of woman(35.0%) considered that Health education is necessary. 32.7% in men and 27.3% in women did't mind educator is whoever. Preventing of lower back pain(LBP) and proper Health education of sex life are demanded in daily life. 3) 58.0% of man and 64.0% of woman mostly had a posture which is man over woman. 28.5% in men and 27.8% in women considered that proper information finding of LBP and sex life was very few and few. 37.7% in men and 42.7% in women have acquired information about sex life flung their friends. 4) The number of sex life was decreased from 2.96 0.98 to 2.61 1.63 and also the time of sex life was decreased from 3.65 1.89 to 226 1.64. The satisfaction rate of sex life changed from 3.60 0.86 to 2.77 1.10. In the number of sex life, The non correct group was 2.62 1.91 and the correct group was higher in 2.68 1.65. In the time of sex life, The non correct group was 2.02 1.47 and the correct group was higher in 229 1.65. The satisfaction rate of sex life was 2.76 0.86 in non correct group and 2.88 1.10 in correct group. So there was a difference. 5) In the satisfaction rate of sex life, Men who have a lower back pain were higher than women and no attack group was higher than attack group. As they had many sex life, the satisfaction rate was higher significantly in statistics. As the time of sex life was short, the satisfaction rate was lower significantly in statistics. As the age was low, the demand rate of Health education was high and as means of patient who had a lower back pain was high, the demand rate of Health education was high. As the patient who had a lower back pain had a long married life, the demand rate of Health education was high and as education level was high, the demand rate of Health education was high. It is necessary to provide patients with conservative treatment, educational teaching, and training to prevent further injuries in the future. In general, it is important to educate the public how to prevent back injuries and how to treat themselves in an onset period to prevent further injuries sliding into a chronic state. Sexuality is an integral part of normal and healthy relationships, but patients are unable to enjoy sex because they are riot able to get into a comfortable position due to back pain. Many conditions of the spine can make certain positions uncomfortable. Health educator should make the education program of the discomforts and the sexual pattern for low back pain in workplace and/or hospital. Further study Is needed on how to integrate the educational program on sexuality into the total rehabilitation program.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.341-348
• /
• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 4주간 20대 성인에게 앉은자세와 누운자세에 따른 복식호흡운동을 적용하였을 때 호흡기능과 배근육의 근활성도를 비교하여 어떤 자세에서의 운동이 효과적인지 알아보고자 하였다. 기립자세에서는 호흡운동 후 일초량이 가장 큰 수치를 보였고 누운자세에서는 호흡운동 전 일초량과 1초간노력성날숨량이 가장 크게 나타났다. 두자세의 복식호흡운동 전후 일초량과 날숨량 분산분석결과 운동전일초량, 운동후일초량, 운동전1초간날숨량, 운동후1초간날숨량 모두 유의한 차이를 보이며, 두 자세에서 복식호흡 전후 차이를 알 수 있었다. 기립자세, 누운자세에서 운동전에는 왼쪽 복직근, 운동후에는 오른쪽 복직근이 가장 높은 근활성도를 보였다. 두 자세 운동의 반복측정한 분산분석 결과 운동 전과 후의 양쪽 복직근과 외복사근은 근활성도 모두 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>.05). 기립자세에서 운동 전과 후에 왼쪽 외복사근이 유의한 차이를 보였고(p<0.05), 운동전과 후 FEV1/FVC와 노력성 호기량이 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 운동 전과 후 왼쪽 외복사근이 누운자세에서 가장 높은 근활성도를 보였고 노력성 호기량은 가장 낮은 근활성도를 보였다. 운동 전과 후 호흡량 및 근활성도의 반복측정된 분산분석 결과에서 오른쪽 복직근에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 이를 통해 앉은 자세와 비스듬히 누운자세 두가지 자세에서 복식호흡 운동을 적용 하였을 때 호흡기능과 배근육의 근활성도 전,후를 비교하기 위해서는 두가지 자세에서의 운동 전,후 호흡과 근활성도 평가가 필요하고 평가에 따라서 어떤 자세에서의 운동이 더 효과적인지 알 수 있었다. 추후 연구에서는 좀 더 세분화되고 정확한 호흡기능과 근활성도를 알아보는 다양한 연령대의 사람들에게 장기간의 중재를 통해 파악하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 수면정신생리
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 1998

연구배경 : 본 연구는 정상 단태 임부에서 임신 경과에 따른 수면양상의 변화 및 그 원인을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 임신 제1 삼분기에 수면설문지를 작성한 임부를 대상으로, 임신 제2 및 제3 삼분기에도 동일한 수면 설문지를 가지고 추적조사를 하였다. 조사내용은 각 임신 시기에서의 수면 잠복기, 총 수면시간, 수면중 깨는 횟수, 각성시 회복감, 주간의 상태, 수면 자세, 수면 양상변화의 원인 등이었다. 결과 : 다음은 총 3회의 설문조사를 성실히 수행했던 26명의 임부에 대한자료분석의 결과이다. 1. 각 임신 시기와 임신전과의 비교 결과, 수면 잠복기는 임신 제1 및 제2 삼분기에서 감소하였고, 총 수면시간은 임신 제1, 제2 및 제3 삼분기에서 모두 증가하였다. 임신 제3 삼분기에는 수면 중 깨는 횟수가 증가하였고, 각성시 회복감이 감소하였다. 임신 제1, 제2 및 제3 삼분기 모두에서 주간에 피곤감과 졸리움이 증가하였다. 2. 각 임신 시기간의 비교 결과, 임신 제3 삼분기에는 수면 잠복기 및 수면중 깨는 횟수가 임신 제1 및 제2 삼분기보다 증가하였다. 또한 임신 제3 삼분 기에는 제1 및 제2 삼분기보다 각성시 회복감이 더 적었고, 주간의 졸리움도 더 심하였다. 3. 수면 자세는 임신 제1 및 제2 삼분기에 복와위 또는 앙와위를 취했던 임부도 제3 삼분기에는 모든 임부가 측와위를 취했다. 4. 수면양상변화의 원인으로서 임신제1 삼분기에는 오심과 구토, 속쓰림과 소화불량 및 빈뇨, 제2 삼분기에는 빈뇨, 태아의 움직임 및 둔부의 통증, 제3 삼분기에서는 빈뇨, 태아의 움직임, 하지의 경련과 요통순으로 많았다. 결론 : 이상의 결과는 정상 단태임신과 관련한 수면 변화의 자료로서, 향후 임부에서 수면위생의 향상과 수면장애의 치료를 위한 기초적 자료로 활용할 가치가 있다고 생각된다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 2009

목 적: 온보드 영상장치(OBI) 및 콘빔 CT (CBCT)를 이용하면 치료실에 위치한 환자의 자세 및 위치와 모의치료(SIMULATION) 시점의 환자의 자세 및 위치를 비교할 수 있다. Detected offsets은 실제로 적용된 인체팬톰(Rando phantom) 위치의 오차와 비교되어 진다. 이후, 인체 팬톰은 detected 오차에 근거하여 couch를 움직여 위치선정 되었다. 또한 인체팬톰 위치 결정의 실측값과 이론값 오차값들을 비교하였으며, OBI를 사용하고 있는 KV X선영상의 2D와 CBCT의 3D 타켓 위치 정확성 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 신체 내부 구조가 모사된 팬톰(The Rando Phantom, Alderson Resarch Laboratories Inc. Stamford. CT, USA)을 사용하여 실제방사선 치료와 동일한 과정을 따라 모의치료(SIMULATION) 및 치료계획(RTP)을 시행한 후 치료 데이블 위에 인체 팬톰을 셋업한다. 정확히 위치가 재현된다고 가정되는 인체팬톰에 대해 3가지 방법으로 실험을 했는데 X, Y, Z축의 변화에 따라 셋업 오차를 측정했고 각각의 실험은 10회씩 반복되어 오차의 표준 편차를 구했다. DigiPas DWL-80G는 기울기의 각을 결정하기 위해 사용하였으며, 2D/2D 및 3D/3D정합의 실측치와 측정치를 비교 분석 하였다. 결 과: 온보드 영상장치로 획득한 정면 및 측면 kv x선 영상과 모의치료시 디지털 재구성 기준영상과의 2차원/2차원 정합시, 팬톰의 X, Y, Z 편차 평균값은 lat 0.12 cm, long -0.66 cm, vert 0.07 cm이며, 각도의 변화를 주었을 때 편차의 평균값은 lat -0.5 cm, long -0.3 cm, 팬톰의 몸을 약간 튼 상태에서의 편차 평균값은 각각 lat -0.5 cm, long 0.2 cm, vert -0.6 cm으로 나타났다. 또한 콘빔CT로 획득한 영상과 모의치료 시 획득한 CT영상을 비교하는 3차원/3차원 정합에서 팬톰의 3가지 방법에서 편차의 평균 detection error와 표준편차는 lateral $0.5{\pm}0.4\;mm$, longitudinal $0.8{\pm}0.5\;mm$, vertical $0.4{\pm}0.3\;mm$로 각각 0-10 mm의 범위이다. Residual error에 해당되는 positioning couch shift 변수는 $0.6{\pm}0.3\;mm$, $0.5{\pm}0.3\;mm$, $0.3{\pm}0.1\;mm$이다. 20-50 mm까지 longitudinal shift에 의한 평균 detection error는 각각 lateral $0.4{\pm}0.2\;mm$, longitudinal $0.3{\pm}0.2\;mm$, vertical $0.3{\pm}0.3\;mm$이다. Residual error는 $0.6{\pm}0.3\;mm$, $0.6{\pm}0.2\;mm$, $0.4{\pm}0.1\;mm$이다. Detection error는 모두 0.0~0.6 mm 범위이다. Residual error는 0.3~0.9 mm 범위로 나타났다. 결 론: 온보드 영상장치(OBI) 및 콘빔 CT (CBCT)를 이용하여 표적위치의 정확성을 평가하였다. 치료실에 위치한 환자의 자세 및 위치와 모의치료(SIMULATION) 시점의 환자의 자세 및 위치를 비교할 수 있다. 그러므로 OBI 및 CBCT를 이용한 2D/2D 및 3D/3D 정합은 모의 치료 시와 환자 치료 시 정확한 정합을 함으로써 error를 최소화 할 것으로 평가된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to present clinical utility of therapeutic exercise on the neck and shoulder parts based on the movement system impairment syndrome(MSIS) as Dong-Qi therapy of the Dong-Si Acupuncture and was to examine which Dong-Si acupoints were most effective and non-invasive when performing therapeutic exercise of the MSIS. Methods : Totally eight therapeutic exercises correspondent to eight neck and shoulder MSIS were summarized and tabulated from the Diagnosis and Treatment of Movement Impairment Syndrome and Movement System Impairment Syndromes Of The Extremities, Cervical and Thoracic Spines by Sahrmann SA. Together with the MSIS summaries, acupuncture points and Dong-Qi therapy were summarized and tabulated from Yangweijiequanji 1 and Yangweijiequanji 2 by Yangweijie. According to the posture and movement of the MSIS exercise, effective and non-invasive acupoints were selected. Thereafter, clinical pilot study which five normal volunteers participated in were performed to examine whether these acupoints resulted in any side effects of acupuncture therapy such as pain and distortion of the needle during the MSIS exercises. Results : Through clinical pilot study, ZhongZi, ZhongXian, ZhengJin, ZhengZong and MuLiu in a sitting position, and HuaGuYi, ZhongZi and ZhongXian in a supine position were finally determined as safe and non-invasive Dong-Si acupoints to treat cervical pain. In terms of shoulder pain, ZuQianJin, ZuWuJin, HuaGuEr and JianZhong in a supine position, SiHuaZhong, ZuQianJin, ZuWuJin, QuLing, JianZhong, ShenGuan and JiuLi in a standing position, and ZuQianJin, ZuWuJin, HuaGuEr, QuLing and JianZhong in a prone position were finally accepted as safe and non-invasive Dong-Si acupoints. Conclusion : It is concluded that Dong-Si acupoints can be safely and non-invasively used together with therapeutic exercises of the MSIS to treat cervical and shoulder pains.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.11-25
• /
• 1976

Studies on pathogenicities and developmental stages of Nosema apis (Zander, 1909) were carried out through artificial infection to Nosema free honey bees with various levels of spores isolated from local honey bee colony. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The clinical symptoms were observed as dysentery, enteritis of mid-gut (enlargement and decoloration), crawling posture and shortening of the longevity of worker bees in the rearing honey bee colony inoculated with the spores. 2. Number of spores harvested from laboratory rearing honey bees were progresively increased to 4 weeks after inoculation. The regression equations and coefficients of correlations to various spore levels were as follows in each treatment colony. Colony 1. ($$1,000{\times}10^4spores/ml$$) $$y_{c1}=471{\times}10^{4}x+454{\times}10^4(r=0.65^*$$) Colony 2. ($$500{\times}10^4spores/ml$$) $$y_{c2}=340{\times}10^{4}x+207.8{\times}10^4(r=0.99^{**}$$) Colony 3. ($$100{\times}10^4spores/ml$$) $$y_{c3}=150{\times}10^{4}x+84.2{\times}10^4(r=0.99^{**}$$) Colony 4. ($$10{\times}10^4spores/ml$$) $$y_{c4}=13.8{\times}10^{4}x+13{\times}10^4(r=0.98^{**}$$) 3. Average longevity of worker bees artificially infected with Nosema apis was shortened as 21.7~43.8% compare to the control. (p<.05, p<.01) 4. The spores which were isolated from honey bee colony infected with Nosema disease were ovoid or spherical form, and measured, as a rule, from $4.7{\mu}m$ to $6.1{\mu}m$ (mean $5.3{\mu}m$) in length and from $2.4{\mu}m$ to $3.2{\mu}m$ (mean $2.9{\mu}m$) in width. 5. In the mid-gut of honey bees, the spore was progresively germinated and became trophozoite stage. The trophozoites were grown to meronts and their binary fission were begun. The divided two sporoblasts were developed to the spores which had elastic membrane. The new spores were shed in excreta of honey bees 10~15 day after inoculation at $25{\pm}2$ centigrade. 6. The ultrastructure of spore membrane consisted of three layers, such as, outer, middle and inner layer. The sporoplasm consisting lamellar structure occupied only anterior part of the spore and was often extended to posterior direction where definite vacuoles and a polar filament was able to detect.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.321-337
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to obtain basic data for the prevention and control of adolescent back pain through analyzing connections between study environments and physical posture. The subjects were 960 male general high school students in the Chonju area and the data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire from Mar. 17 to Mar. 22, 1999. The collected data were analyzed by a frequency, chi-square and t-test using an SPSS program. The results are as follows; 1) The experience rate of back pain perceived by subjects was 67.5% and by each grade: 1st-27.5%, 2nd-35.4%, 3rd-37.1%. The relationship between grades and the experience of back pain didn't show any significant difference. 2) The causes of back pain perceived by subjects such as 'postures are not good' was 56.7%, 'sitting too much time in a chair' was 39.1%, and 'too severe exercise' was 32.4%. 27.8% had back pain first during the 3rd grade of middle school, and 23.9% had it first during the 1st grade of high school. 3) Intensity of subjects' back pain spread from 'moderate' at 49.6%, to 'severe' at 16.4%. Concerning the frequency of back pain, 58.6% said it was 'irregalar'. 4) Among interventions to deal with back pain: 'move by exercising my back or ask friends to beat my back' was 41.0%, 'just bear it' was 23.1%, and at home 'don't have 'any treatment' was ranked first, at 54.9%. 5) The relationship between subjects' general characteristics and back pain experiences: height (t=-1.99, P=.046), sitting/height (t=-2.61, P=.009), self-perceived condition of health (${\chi}^2=23.530$, P=.000), family history (${\chi}^2=43.903$, P=.000) showed significant difference, but the kinds of transportation, sleeping postures, sleeping method and smoking didn't show significant differences. 6) The relationship between subjects' learning environment and back pain experiences, the height of students' desk and chair showed significant difference (${\chi}^2=23.054$, P=.000), but the sitting time didn't show significant difference. 7) The relationship between the characteristics of subjects' physical postures and back pain experiences: standing postures (${\chi}^2=15.105$, P=.001), and sitting postures (${\chi}^2=20.264$X2, P=.001) showed significant difference, but lifting postures didn't show significant difference.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제60권2호
• /
• pp.125-129
• /
• 2017

Lumbar degenerative kyphosis (LDK) is a subgroup of the flat-back syndrome and is most commonly caused by unique life styles, such as a prolonged crouched posture during agricultural work and performing activities of daily living on the floor. Unfortunately, LDK has been used as a byword for degenerative sagittal imbalance, and this sometimes causes confusion. The aim of this review was to evaluate the exact territory of LDK, and to introduce another appropriate term for degenerative sagittal deformity. Unlike what its name suggests, LDK does not only include sagittal balance disorder of the lumbar spine and kyphosis, but also sagittal balance disorder of the whole spine and little lordosis of the lumbar spine. Moreover, this disease is closely related to the occupation of female farmers and an outdated Asian life style. These reasons necessitate a change in the nomenclature of this disorder to prevent misunderstanding. We suggest the name "primary degenerative sagittal imbalance" (PDSI), which encompasses degenerative sagittal misalignments of unknown origin in the whole spine in older-age patients, and is associated with back muscle wasting. LDK may be regarded as a subgroup of PDSI related to an occupation in agriculture. Conservative treatments such as exercise and physiotherapy are recommended as first-line treatments for patients with PDSI, and surgical treatment is considered only if conservative treatments failed. The measurement of spinopelvic parameters for sagittal balance is important prior to deformity corrective surgery. LDK can be considered a subtype of PDSI that is more likely to occur in female farmers, and hence the use of LDK as a global term for all degenerative sagittal imbalance disorders is better avoided. To avoid confusion, we recommend PDSI as a newer, more accurate diagnostic term instead of LDK.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.643-653
• /
• 2002

Periodontal supporting tissue goes through destruction by chronic inflammatory periodontal disease as two aspect. One is qualitive aspect such as alteration of periodontium, the other is quantitative aspect such as alveolar bone loss. According to many authors, PDL is responsible for biting force, and there are two mean. for measuring PDL's function - mobility test and biting force test. This study was conducted to compare the biting force with remaining bone level, that is, quantitative aspect of periodontium, in anterior and premolar teeth at periodontal maintenance phase. 17 patients on periodontal maintenance phase during 6 months at minimum were selected for this study. For the same condition, 4 anterior, canine, premolar teeth were tested by MPM-3000 bite-force register at the same time(a.m.l0-12), the same position, the same posture, by the same examiner. Patients of TMI), ill-fitting pros thesis, general disease, malocclusion and the teeth of TFO, absence of opposing teeth, malposition were excluded. Remaining bone level was measured on the panorama X-ray film through 5 level from 1mm below CEJ to root apex. Teeth were examined twice, and bigger one was selected. If the values showed large difference. examinatin was re-done and the mean was selected. The results were as follows ; 1. In the 4 anterior group, as the remaining bone is decreased, the average of maximal biting force is decreased. Especially, at 3/5 bone level, maximal biting force is decreased significantly(p<0.01). 2. In the canine group, as the remaining bone is decreased, the average of maximal biting force is decreased. Especially, at 2/5 bone level, maximal biting force is decreased significantly(p<0.01). 3. In the premolar group, as the remaining bone is decreased, the average of maximal biting force is decreased. Especially, at 3/5 bone level, maximal biting force is decreased significantly(p<0.05). From the results of this study, clinicians could utilize these efficiently when they have to determine the proper restorative materials, time for tooth extraction, treatment plan, prognosis.

• 동서간호학연구지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.83-95
• /
• 1997

Cooking food is very important in Chinese medicine when we regard the food to be the principal origin of the nutrition of human body and the condition required to maitain the activities of the life of human body. Chinese medicine has accumulated the diverse and rich experience of cooking food through long clinical experience as well as made an important contribution to the healthy and long life through the unique theory of cooking food. Chineses medicine has deep view on the relations between food cooking and healthy and long life as well as presented the principle of cooking food created unique ways of food cooking such as food treatment. As the above, from the ancient times, Chinese medicine established Chinese medical science of nutrition under the consciousness of the theory that food and medicine have the same origin and practiced the methods of promoting the health through rightly selecting the foods. Therefore it has been thought that human beings can enjoy healthy life by rich supply of the nutrition. Comfortable ways of sleeping requie the emotion and peace with temperation in pleasure and anger, and also we should be temporate in eating, acting, sleeping posture and be flee from the wind, and we should not put on a quilt when sleep, and we should sleep alone and be careful about sexual life. The concrete measures for sexual intercourse are that: 1) we should marry at the right age not to be married at early age. 2) we should obey nature and not live unmarried life. 3) we should be temperate in having sexual intercoure and in excessive sexual desire. Regarding the residence and clothes: the residence environment should be calm and beautiful and the room for the residence should be well designed to be clean and sanitary and we should wear suitable clothes. All living creatures are living according to the rhythm of the living body and the change of the great nature. The Reason why the living things show the periodical rhythm is not that it is the truth of the great nature, but that the living life itself shall be ceased to be existed in case of running counter to such rhythm. There are 2 specially important things: one is about food in biological view and the other is the residence in social side. By starting from the theory that food and medicine have the same origin and root, we should rightly select the foods to promote the health at the maximum, and it is very important for human to be well obeying the environment and temperate in the life of residence and mind (Choi, Sam Byun, Shon, Sook Young, 1997). As the above, the cook in Chinese medicine suggests us the suitable ways of achieving the goal of nursing. Therefore the continuous study of this field is necessary based on this my study though it is unsatisfactory at this time but it would be the basic materals in establishing the nursing science of Chinese medicine.