• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.318-326
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• 2015

A pre-treatment process is essential for getting high quality of digital textile printing(DTP). In this study, we have studied three kinds of carrageenan polymer(k-, ${\lambda}$-, i-Carrageenan) as a pre-treatment thickening agent for the first time. Alginate polymer was also examined and its results were compared with that of the three kinds of carrageenan polymer. To confirm the performance of each thickening agent, we examined for a sharpness, color strength and fastness(washing, rub, light). The result showed that ${\lambda}$-Carrageenan has superior property in sharpness with low viscosity and i-Carrageenan was excellent in the color strength among the pre-treatment agents. Washing fastness to color change and staining for the all samples were 4 or 4-5 grade. Both dry and wet rubbing fastness of the samples were 4-5 grade. However, ${\lambda}$-Carrageenan coated sample has the lowest grade in light fastness. As a result, we found the possibility of carrageenan polymer as pre-treatment agent.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.131-144
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• 2020

Objectives : The aim of this study is to analyze the details of acupuncture treatment methods and the reporting quality of acupuncture on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS). Methods : Search was conducted in Pubmed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for acupuncture studies on CTS. The reporting quality of acupuncture treatment was assessed using the following guidelines: Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) for analyzing the method of acupuncture treatment, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) for analyzing study design and study process, and Risk of Bias (ROB) for analyzing bias. The number of reported items was calculated and evaluated as a proportion. The reported proportion of each study was classified into three grades: Grade A (% score ≥75), Grade B (50≤ % score <75), and Grade C (% score <50). Results : A total of 9 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) were included in this study. All trials reported 12 items (66.67%) on average in STRICTA guidelines. Five studies were conducted with manual acupuncture and 3 studies were conducted with electroacupuncture. PC7 (Daereung) was most frequently used to treat CTS. In STRICTA guideline evaluation, 3 studies were classified as Grade A, 5 studies were classified as Grade B, and 1 study was classified as Grade C. In the CONSORT statement assessment, all trials reported an average of 20.56 items. Of the 9 RCTs, 6 studies were classified as Grade B and 3 studies were classified as Grade C. In ROB assessment, most studies showed a low (63.49%) or unclear (26.98%) risk of bias. The selective reporting bias and the incomplete outcome data bias were found to have the lowest risk of bias, and the allocation concealment of selection bias was found to have the most unclear risk of bias. Conclusions : Recent acupuncture studies on CTS showed moderate reporting quality. However, more detailed reports on acupuncture are still needed to establish more solid evidence of acupuncture treatment.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.131-135
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• 2006

Chondrosarcoma can be divided into grade I, II and III by histological finding and a relationship between the prognosis and the histological grading has been identified. Although the surgical treatment of grade II and III chondrosarcoma necessitates wide resection margin, there has been controversy about curettage versus wide resection in case of grade I chondrosarcoma. The authors report a case of grade I chondrosarcoma of proximal humerus and grade II chondrosarcoma of distal humerus with good oncological and functional result through curettage and wide resection respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.157-171
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• 2009

Objective : The face is very important for human communication. So facial palsy patients experience not only physical disturbances but also serious emotional stress. Therefore the focus of treatment must be to not only aid the recovery of objective symptoms but also the improvement of subjective quality of life. However there has not been enough Oriental Medical study in this field until now. Thus this study was begun to suggest a useful index for the treatment of facial palsy. Methods : Grade of paralysis, sequelas, and quality of life were used for evaluation. To evaluate Grade of paralysis, House-Brackman Grade was used as the Gross scale and Kim's Grade was used as the Regional scale. Sequelas were evaluated by muscle contraction, synkinesis, NA, and grade of philtrum tilt. Quality of life was evaluated by SF-36v2, Facial Disability Index, and Vas. Results & Conclusion : 1. The change of grade of paralysis between the early and the present time reveals remarkable improvement statistically. 2. There was a remarkable improvement in all parts of quality of life except several areas of SF-36(RP, RE, MH, VT) 3. In only PF(Physical Function) of FDI, quality of life increased remarkably according to the improvement of grade of paralysis. 4. There is the positive relationship among Kim's grade, HB grade and Synkinesis 2. 5. Synkinesis among sequelas has the greatest effect on quality of life. And muscle contraction, change of NA, and grade of philtrum tilt also affect quality to some extent. 6. There was no remarkable relationship between the period of illness and change of quality of life. 7. Change of NA is shown after 3 months of illness and synkinesis becomes worse after 6 months of illness.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.2131-2135
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• 2013

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of distearoylphosphatidylcholine pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (DPLD) combined with carboplatin for the treatment of platinum resistant or refractory epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) or fallopian tube cancer. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of women who received DPLD with carboplatin for recurrent EOC or fallopian tube cancer in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital Thailand from January 2006 to August 2011 was conducted. Patients were identified from the medical records and data on demographic factors, stage, histology, surgical findings, cytoreduction status, and prior chemotherapies were abstracted. The efficacy and toxicity of DPLD/carboplatin were evaluated. Progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: A total of 65 patients, 64 with platinum resistant or refractory epithelial ovarian cancer and 1 with fallopian tube cancer, were enrolled. DPLD and carboplatin were given for an average of 4.46 cycles per patient with a total of 273 cycles. Among the 65 evaluable patients, 0% achieved CR, 7.69% PR, 15.4% SD and 76.% PD. The overall response rate was 23.1%. With a median follow-up of 27.4 months, the median progression-free and median overall survival in the 36 patients was 4.46 months and 8.76 months respectively. In the aspect of side effects, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE) occurred in 33.3% (Grade I 22.2%, Grade II 11.1%) and mucositis in 41.7% (Grade I 27.8%, Grade II 13.9%) of all treatment cycles, all Grade 1 or 2. Anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 58.3% (Grade I 41.7%, Grade II 16.7%), 66.7% (Grade I 47.2%, Grade II 19.4%), and 22.2% (Grade I 16.6%, Grade II 5.56%) of cycle respectively, and were mostly Grade 1 or 2. Conclusions: DPLD, the second-generation PLD drug combined with carboplatin every 4 weeks, is effective and has low toxicity for treatment of patients with recurrent platinum-resistant or refractory epithelial ovarian cancer.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.62-67
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• 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical significance and usefulness of a bone scan in accessory navicular bone. Materials and Methods: Eighty-five patients with foot pain and accessory navicular bone on radiography, who underwent bone scan from 2012 to 2015, were analyzed retrospectively. The subjects was divided into a symptomatic and asymptomatic group according to the presence of navicular bone tenderness. The grade of bone scan uptake was divided into 3 grades. Age, gender, grade of bone scan and size of the accessory navicular bone were analyzed. The symptomatic group were divided into a low (grade 0, 1) and high uptake (grade 2) group to determine the appropriate treatment. The low uptake group was treated conservatively for 3 months. The high uptake group was initially treated conservatively for 3 months and surgery was performed if pain persisted. For the clinical evaluation, the visual analogue scale, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society midfoot scale were evaluated in the first examination and last follow-up date. The patient's satisfaction grade was also evaluated at the last follow-up. Results: The asymptomatic group mostly showed no uptake in the bone scan. On the other hand, some patients in the asymptomatic group showed an increase in uptake. In these patients, the size of accessory navicular bone was related to the grade of bone scan uptake, showing that the bone scan uptake grade can be predicted when applying different cut off values for the bone size. The symptomatic group mostly showed uptake in the bone scan and the grade of uptake had a positive correlation with the size of the accessory navicular bone (p<0.05). Age and gender were not related to the bone scan uptake. In the clinical evaluation, conservative and surgical treatment showed a good outcome. Conclusion: The bone scan uptake grade alone cannot be used to completely predict the symptoms. On the other hand, the size of the accessory bone can increase the bone scan uptake. Therefore, the size of the accessory bone, and patient symptoms should be considered in patients with a high uptake when deciding treatment.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.149-160
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• 2002

Objetive : To evaluate the effect of treatment for Heel Pain by using Bee-venom Acupuncture that is well known for anti-inflamatory effect and function of activating immunine system. Methods : We investigated 32 cases of patient with Heel Pain. From 1th November 2001 to 30th June 2002, 32 cases of patient with Heel Pain treated at the Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion of Kyung-won University Oriental Hospital were selected for two group. One group was treated by Bee-venom Acupuncture therapy (Bee-venom Acupuncture Group : BAG), the other group was treated by Common Acupuncture therapy (None Bee-venom Acupuncture Group : NBAG). Both group were composed of 16 patients. After treatment, we evaluated the effects per each group. Results : 1. In the distribution by sex & age : 5 cases were male, 11 cases were female in BAG. 10 cases were male, 6 cases were female in NBGA. Forty aged cases were the most in BAG. Thirty aged cases were the most in NBAG. 2. Assessment of treatment by therapeutic frequency : 14 cases(87.5%) were above "Fair" within 6 times in BAG, 7 cases(43.8%) were above "Fair" beyond 10 times. 3. Assessment of treatment : Excellent were 9 cases, Good 5 cases, Fair 2 cases in BAG, Excellent were 2 cases, Good 7 cases, Fair 2 cases, Poor 5 cases in NBAG. Therapeutic effect above "Fair" were 16 cases(100%) in BAG, 11 cases(68.8%) in NBAG. 4. Comparing BAG with NBAG by therapeutic frequency and assessment in Grade II state : 11 cases(91.7%) were above "Good" within 6 times in BGA, 3 cases (57.1%) above "Fair" beyond 10 times. 5. About average frequency of treatment in the distribution of Grade : Grade III was 5.3 times, Grade II 4.0 times in BGA, whereas Grade III 16.0 times, Grade II 8.4 times in NBGA. Conclusions : In the treatment of Heel Pain, the Bee-venom Acupuncture can be regarded as more useful method in the clinical practice, because it has comparatively shorter duration of treatment and is more effective.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.125-132
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of acupuncture treatment with those of collaborative treatment regarding acute Bell's palsy. Methods Twenty-six patients who received outpatient treatment between March 2012 and February 2013 were divided into 2 groups. The East-West treatment group (EW group, n=12) received prednisolone and then acupuncture afterwards. The Eastern treatment group (E group, n=14) received just acupuncture. Acupuncture was administered 3 to 4 times a week, and both groups were educated to practice facial muscle exercises at home. Evaluations were made before treatment, after 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks using the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system. Results Compared to before treatment, the House-Brackmann grades of both EW and E groups after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of treatment significantly decreased (p<0.05). Regarding group comparison, the House-Brackmann grade of the EW group was significantly lower than the E group at 1 week (p=0.043), but there was no significant difference at 2 and 3 weeks. Regarding improvement of House-Brackmann grades, there was no significant difference between the two groups at 1, 2 and 3 weeks (p>0.05). Conclusions Compared to just acupuncture treatment, collaborative treatment with prednisolone significantly improved the House-Brackmann grade after 1 week, but there was no difference as time passed. Because early intervention determines the prognosis of Bell's palsy, collaborative treatment at the early stage will be clinically helpful to patients.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.277-285
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• 2018

Objective: This study is designed to evaluate the effects of Korean medicine treatment for facial nerve palsy. Method: The patient was administered Korean medicine treatment, including acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine. We used the House-Brackmann Grading System and Yanagihara's Unweighted Grading System to assess the symptoms of facial nerve palsy. Results: The patient's House-Brackmann grade was reduced from grade IV to grade II, and Yanagihara's grade was increased from 19 to 32. The patient's symptoms, which were facial pain, facial asymmetry, reduced wrinkling forehead, incomplete closing eye, epiphora, and tinnitus, improved during the hospitalization. Conclusion: This study shows that Korean medicine treatment may be an effective treatment for facial nerve palsy.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.98-107
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• 2013

Debates exist about the appropriate treatment for pancreatic trauma in children. We intended to examine the safety of the operation of pancreatic trauma in children. This is a retrospective study of 13 patients, younger than 15, who underwent surgery for pancreatic trauma, between 1993 and 2011 in Seoul National University Children's Hospital. Medical records were reviewed for mechanism of trauma, clinical characteristics, radiological findings, operation and outcomes. Organ injury scaling from the AAST (American Association for Surgery of Trauma) was used. All injuries were caused by blunt trauma. Patients with grade III, IV, and those who were difficult to distinguish grade II from IV, underwent surgery due to severe peritonitis. Three patients with grade II were operated for reasons of mesenteric bleeding, tumor rupture of the pancreas, and progression of peritonitis. Distal pancreatectomy was performed in 10 patients and subtotal pancreatectomy and pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy in 1 patient each. The remaining one underwent surgical debridement because of severe adhesions. The location of injury, before and after operation, coincided in 83.3%. The degree of injury, before and after the operation, was identical in all the patients except for those who were difficult to tell apart grade II from grade IV, and those cannot be graded due to severe adhesion. Postoperative complications occurred in 23.1%, which improved with conservative treatment. Patients were discharged at mean postoperative 12(range 8~42) days. Even though patients with complications took longer in time from diagnosis to operation, time of trauma to operation and hospital stay, this difference was not significant. In conclusion, When pancreatic duct injury is present, or patient shows deterioration of clinical manifestation without evidence of definite duct injury, or trauma is accompanied by other organ injury or tumor rupture, operative management is advisable, and we believe it is a safe and feasible method of treatment.