• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.175-181
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• 2016

This occurs when the unbalanced rotating body is inconsistent with the mass center line axis geometric center line. Wheelsets are assembled by a single axle with two wheels and a rotating body of a running railway vehicle. Owing to non-uniformity of the wheel material, the wear, and error of the wheel and axle assembly may cause an imbalance. Wheelsets will suffer the effects of vibrations due to the unbalanced mass, which becomes more pronounced due to the thin and high-speed rotation compared to the shaft diameter This can affect the driving safety and the running behavior of a rail car during high-speed running. Therefore, this study examined this unbalanced wheel using a railway vehicle multibody dynamics analysis tool to assess the impact of the dynamic VI-Rail movement of high-speed railway vehicles. Increasing the extent of wheel imbalance on the analysis confirmed that the critical speed of a railway vehicle bogie is reduced and the high-speed traveling dropped below the vehicle dynamic behaviour. Therefore, the adverse effects of the amount of a wheel imbalance on travel highlight the need for management of wheel imbalances. In addition, the static and dynamic management needs of a wheel imbalance need to be presented to the national rail vehicles operating agency.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.81-102
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• 2010

The present study analyzes the choice factors and possibility of traditional and other competing markets through consumer behavior analyses in order to suggest factors that can help reactivate traditional markets. Hence, Multinomial Logit Model is used as it is an optimum model to understand discrete selection. The results suggested some tendencies regarding traditional market. For example, traditional market is more activated when the market is large and has more parking spaces, and when the level of consumer satisfaction is high. While, increased travel distance and time have negative effects on visitor's choice. Governmental supports are turned out to have less to do with the consumer attraction. People with higher incomes tend to prefer other types of market. The results also suggested there is more likelihood of traditional markets being reactivated if the market is not fiercely competing with other types of markets. Internet market is ranked top in consumer's choice possibility, while traditional market is ranked at the bottom. The plausible factors to reactivate traditional market were physical factors(including increasing shops and parking facilities), which is followed by governmental support.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2010

Although many studies have been carried out on the pattern of behavior of drivers which result from the provision of traffic information, there have been few detailed studies on the composition of message, method for message expression, timing of provision, point of provision, media for provision, changes by traffic condition, etc. This study was intended to provide an insight into the changes in the characteristics related to the provision of information by analyzing how the patterns of information utilization change depending on the traffic condition and reclassifying such patterns according to the characteristics of media. Unlike the existing studies, this study adopted the traffic condition, using rate of information media, and the correlation coefficient label as the basis for information media classification, and categorized them into passive utilization media, active utilization media, and past experience in order to ensure the statistical reasonability. The categorized using rate of information media and traffic condition was found to have a positive(+) correlation with the travel speed in the case of passive utilization media during both consecutive holidays(Korea's traditional Thanksgiving day) and weekends, but had a negative(-) correlation with the positive utilization media and past experience. The rate of decision to take a detour based on the past experience was high at the condition of congestion or slow during both consecutive holidays and weekends, but the rate of decision to take a detour through passive utilization media was high in a smooth traffic. In other words, if the traffic condition worsens, using rate of passive utilization media would be low while the diversion rate would be high which uses the active utilization media and past experience. Therefore, it should be established to suit the traffic condition and media characteristics for strategies of traffic distribution through drivers' diversion behavior on weekends and consecutive holidays.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution patterns of displacement and acceleration fields in a nonlinear soil ground based on the interaction of high-speed train, wheel, rail, and ground. For this purpose, a high-speed train in motion was modeled as the actual wheel, and the vertical contact of wheel and rail and the lateral contact, caused by meandering motion, were simulated; this simulation was based on the moving mass analysis. The soil ground part was given the nonlinear behavior of the upper ground part by using the modified the Drucker-Prager model, and the changes in displacement and acceleration were compared with the behavior of the elastic and inelastic grounds. Using this analysis, the displacement and acceleration ranges close to the actual ground behavior were addressed. Additionally, the von-Mises stress and equivalent plastic strain at the ground were examined. Further, the equivalent plastic and total volumetric strains at each failure surface were examined. The variation in stresses, such as vertical stress, transverse pressure, and longitudinal restraint pressure of wheel-rail contact, with the time history was investigated using moving mass. In the case of nonlinear ground model, the displacement difference obtained based on the train travel is not large when compared to that of the elastic ground model, while the acceleration is caused to generate a large decrease.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.175-191
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• 2011

With the MICE(Meeting, Incentive travel, Convention, Exhibition) industry coming into the spotlight, there has been a growing interest in the domestic exhibition industry. Accordingly, in Korea, various studies of the industry are being conducted to enhance exhibition performance as in the United States or Europe. Some studies are focusing particularly on analyzing visiting patterns of exhibition visitors using intelligent information technology in consideration of the variations in effects of watching exhibitions according to the exhibitory environment or technique, thereby understanding visitors and, furthermore, drawing the correlations between exhibiting businesses and improving exhibition performance. However, previous studies related to booth recommendation systems only discussed the accuracy of recommendation in the aspect of a system rather than determining changes in visitors' behavior or perception by recommendation. A booth recommendation system enables visitors to visit unplanned exhibition booths by recommending visitors suitable ones based on information about visitors' visits. Meanwhile, some visitors may be satisfied with their unplanned visits, while others may consider the recommending process to be cumbersome or obstructive to their free observation. In the latter case, the exhibition is likely to produce worse results compared to when visitors are allowed to freely observe the exhibition. Thus, in order to apply a booth recommendation system to exhibition halls, the factors affecting the performance of the system should be generally examined, and the effects of the system on visitors' unplanned visiting behavior should be carefully studied. As such, this study aims to determine the factors that affect the performance of a booth recommendation system by reviewing theories and literature and to examine the effects of visitors' perceived performance of the system on their satisfaction of unplanned behavior and intention to reuse the system. Toward this end, the unplanned behavior theory was adopted as the theoretical framework. Unplanned behavior can be defined as "behavior that is done by consumers without any prearranged plan". Thus far, consumers' unplanned behavior has been studied in various fields. The field of marketing, in particular, has focused on unplanned purchasing among various types of unplanned behavior, which has been often confused with impulsive purchasing. Nevertheless, the two are different from each other; while impulsive purchasing means strong, continuous urges to purchase things, unplanned purchasing is behavior with purchasing decisions that are made inside a store, not before going into one. In other words, all impulsive purchases are unplanned, but not all unplanned purchases are impulsive. Then why do consumers engage in unplanned behavior? Regarding this question, many scholars have made many suggestions, but there has been a consensus that it is because consumers have enough flexibility to change their plans in the middle instead of developing plans thoroughly. In other words, if unplanned behavior costs much, it will be difficult for consumers to change their prearranged plans. In the case of the exhibition hall examined in this study, visitors learn the programs of the hall and plan which booth to visit in advance. This is because it is practically impossible for visitors to visit all of the various booths that an exhibition operates due to their limited time. Therefore, if the booth recommendation system proposed in this study recommends visitors booths that they may like, they can change their plans and visit the recommended booths. Such visiting behavior can be regarded similarly to consumers' visit to a store or tourists' unplanned behavior in a tourist spot and can be understand in the same context as the recent increase in tourism consumers' unplanned behavior influenced by information devices. Thus, the following research model was established. This research model uses visitors' perceived performance of a booth recommendation system as the parameter, and the factors affecting the performance include trust in the system, exhibition visitors' knowledge levels, expected personalization of the system, and the system's threat to freedom. In addition, the causal relation between visitors' satisfaction of their perceived performance of the system and unplanned behavior and their intention to reuse the system was determined. While doing so, trust in the booth recommendation system consisted of 2nd order factors such as competence, benevolence, and integrity, while the other factors consisted of 1st order factors. In order to verify this model, a booth recommendation system was developed to be tested in 2011 DMC Culture Open, and 101 visitors were empirically studied and analyzed. The results are as follows. First, visitors' trust was the most important factor in the booth recommendation system, and the visitors who used the system perceived its performance as a success based on their trust. Second, visitors' knowledge levels also had significant effects on the performance of the system, which indicates that the performance of a recommendation system requires an advance understanding. In other words, visitors with higher levels of understanding of the exhibition hall learned better the usefulness of the booth recommendation system. Third, expected personalization did not have significant effects, which is a different result from previous studies' results. This is presumably because the booth recommendation system used in this study did not provide enough personalized services. Fourth, the recommendation information provided by the booth recommendation system was not considered to threaten or restrict one's freedom, which means it is valuable in terms of usefulness. Lastly, high performance of the booth recommendation system led to visitors' high satisfaction levels of unplanned behavior and intention to reuse the system. To sum up, in order to analyze the effects of a booth recommendation system on visitors' unplanned visits to a booth, empirical data were examined based on the unplanned behavior theory and, accordingly, useful suggestions for the establishment and design of future booth recommendation systems were made. In the future, further examination should be conducted through elaborate survey questions and survey objects.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.467-474
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• 2014

This paper concerns the cultural tourism and the importance of cultural interpreters. Globalization has become a key word of 21st century, so the volume of tourists has been increasing. Furthermore, as the Korean wave has expanded to the world, more people are interested in Korea and Korean culture, and we observed the obvious increase of tourists. International tourists visit Korea with a variety of purposes, and their travel types are also diversified. This paper analyzes tourists' behavior based on the data provided by KNTO and briefly examines the cultural interpreters in 5 major organizations. Then considering the specific roles of the guides based on the Cohen (1985) and Lee (2011), I propose that the government should give more focus on the professional foreign language speaking interpreters for culture. As for an alternative to the present volunteering system for foreign languages, I strongly suggest multi-culture families or international students staying in Korea, for the wiser use of their abilities, their easy adaptation to the new world, and the peaceful coexistence.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.211-222
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• 2013

Discovering zones which a1re sets of geographically adjacent regions are essential in sophisticated urban developments and people's movement improvements. While there are some studies that separately focus on movements between particular regions and zone discovery, they show limitations to understand people's movements from a wider viewpoint. Therefore, in this research, we propose a clustering based analysis method that aims at discovering movement patterns, which involves zones and their relations, based on a big data of smart card transaction systems. Moreover, the effectiveness of discovered movement patterns is quantitatively evaluated by using the proposed metrics. By using a real-world dataset obtained in Seoul metropolitan subway networks, we investigate and visualize hidden movement patterns in Seoul.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.111-127
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• 2013

This research introduces a case of NFC (Near Field Communication)-based exhibition support system for analyzing visitors' POB (Point of Behavior) data gathered from the system. The application of NFC technology to an exhibition space allows visitors new experiences of exposition and exhibitors to collect and analyze data about behaviors of visitors. The NFC-based exhibition support system is applied to the 'Korea Travel Expo 2013.' The visitors' behaviors are analyzed based on collected NFC tag touch data and association rules among booths are extracted. Furthermore, the tag touch data are integrated with the survey data for catching the demographics-based implications.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.171-183
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• 2007

Urban transport demand is derived from activity participation. A variety of individual daily activities based on the decisions on activity participation result in collective spatial behavior. The travel derived from the effort to overcome the spatially distributed locations of adjacent activities represents the detailed structural relationships among activities. An activity-based approach provides an important framework of analyzing contemporary urban daily life in the sense that it studies the interaction between individuals' daily decision making and social practice in time and space, on the one hand, and socio-spatial environment on the other. The current study identifies representative patterns of urban daily activity implementations and analyzes the correlation between representative patterns and individuals' characteristics and contextual characteristics. The study shows that urban daily activity patterns can be grouped in a limited number of representative patterns, which are systematically correlated with socio-spatial characteristics. The results provide related transportation policy implications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.535-541
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• 2011

A debris flow is caused by torrential rain in mountainous regions and carries mixture of fragmental matter from slope failure, deposit soils from a valley floor and a large amount of water. It seriously damages facilities, houses, and human lives in its path. We tried to apply debris flow behavior estimation model developed in foreign country to domestic case. The study area is Inje-county, Gangwon-do and aerial photos and GPS surveying were used to collect information of starting and end point of the landslide and debris flow. The analysis showed that L/H for forecasting the travel distances of debris flows has the mean of 4.93 and standard deviation of 0.98. This model tended to overestimate the scale and extent of debris flows. In Inje-county's case, a debris flow is caused by multiple simultaneous small-scale landslide. This is quite different from the foreign cases in which a large-scale landslide cause a large-scale debris flow. Thus, an empirical model suitable for domestic conditions needs to be developed.