• International Journal of Railway
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2012

Recently, axle load, operating speed and traffic density on railroads have had a tendency to increase and thereby cause additional pressure applied on used track. These operating conditions frequently result in service failure due to wear caused by wheel-rail contact and fatigue damage under cyclic loading. Among rail defects, the transverse crack, which has been the most dangerous type of fatigue damages, is developed from the subsurface crack near the rail running face and grows perpendicular to the rail surface. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate systematically the growth behavior of transverse crack for rail steel under mixed mode. In this study, the fatigue crack growth behavior of the transverse crack in rail steel was experimentally investigated under mixed-mode variable amplitude loadings.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.70-77
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• 2000

On the dynamic behavior of a simple beam the influences of the velocities and distance of two moving masses have been studied by numerical method. The instant amplitude of a simple beam is calculated and analyzed for each position of the moving masses represented by the time functions. As increasing the velocties of two moving masses on the simple beam, the amplitude of the transverse vibration of the simple beam is decreased and the frequency of the transverse vibration of the simple beam is increased. As the distance between two moving masses increase, the transverse displacement of the simple beam is decrease. The simple beam is very stable in second mode at $\bar{a}=0.5$ and in third mode at $\bar{a}=0.3$.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.48-50
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• 2008

We experienced a case of giant arachnoid granulation misdiagnosed as dural sinus thrombosis. A 66-year-old woman presented with a one month history of progressive occipital headache. Computed tomography angiography and cerebral angiography showed a round filling defect at the transverse sinus which was speculated as a transverse sinus thrombosis. Anticoagulation therapy was performed to prevent worsening of thrombosis for 2 weeks and then a Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging scan was performed. The filling defect lesion at the transverse sinus revealed a non-enhancing granule with central linear enhancement, which was compatible with giant arachnoid granulation. We checked the intrasinus pressure difference across the lesion the through the dural sinus in order to exclude the lesion as the cause of headache. Normal venous pressure with no significant differential pressure across the lesion was noted. Headache was treated with medical therapy.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2004

In this paper, one of the harbour manoeuvring tests is described. its goal is to investigate the so-called crabbing performance of ships. By crabbing is meant the ability of the vessel to move sideways with the use of her own manoeuvring devices like propellers, rudders, transverse thruster, etc. The crabbing model tests were carried out in the Ocean Engineering Wide Tank, University of Ulsan(UOU) to measure the transverse forces and yawing moments by the transverse thruster alone and the propeller-rudder arrangement in combination with the bow thruster. The comparison between UOU crabbing test results and data measured at one of foreign research institutes showed a little gap due to different rotating conditions of controllable pitch propellers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.31-34
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• 2005

An experimental investigation was conducted to examine the hysteric behavior of Ultra-High strength concrete columns for the requirement of ACI provision. Seven 1/3 scaled columns were fabricated to simulate an 1/2 story of actual structural members with the cross section $300\times300mm$ and the shear span ratio 4. The main variables are axial load ratio, configuration and volumetric ratio of transverse reinforcement. It has been found that the behavior of columns was affected by axial load ratio rather than the amount and the configuration of transverse reinforcement. Consequently, to secure the ductile behavior of 100MPa Ultra-High strength concrete columns, ACI provision for the requirement of transverse steel may considered axial level and the detail of transverse reinforcement.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.968-974
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• 1996

Intra-alveolar transverse crown & root fx. provokes many problems in treatment. Conventionally, extraction of the injured tooth and its prosthodontic restoration has been the treatment of choice. Though orthodontic extrusion could be an alternative treatment, there would be a situation it's inadequate to apply. Loss of natural tooth would be a psychological damage to the patient, of course. This report describes a replantation method of tooth in case of intra-alveolar transverse crown & root fracture. The fractured tooth was extracted, rotated, then replanted. Fixation and esthetic restoration was done. And then endodontic treatment was followed. Continuing follow-up of its function and endodontic status is required.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.11-29
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• 1986

As per the expanding needs of marine exploitation, many floating structures have been built. Among these, box-type vessel is considered as the most basic shape, to which plant barges and crane barges belong. Stability problem is very important for vessel. In order to increase transverse stability, this paper employs bulwarks along the upper deck sides of box-type vessels and the emphasis is laid upon the effect of bulwarks on transverse stability. In the present paper, the calculation method of heeling moment acting to the ship due to hydrostatic pressure is suggested, and actual procedures of the calculation for box-type vessels with bulwarks are shown. Furthermore corresponding model tests are carried out in small water tank. Through the comparison between calculated and measured values, it is confirmed that the preset calculation method is useful. And employing bulwarks on box-type vessels is very effective for increase of transverse stability at the heeling angles from about 15 degrees to about degrees.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.427-429
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• 1999

According to the development of power electronic element(GTO. IGBT) and material for electrical machines(permanent magnet. super conductor), the technology for electrical machines is now a day rapidly developing. Here with, a novel electrical machine, based on the new conception of transverse flux configuration leads to a considerable increase in power density and enables simultaneously high efficiency. The transverse flux machine with PM excitation will be applied to gearless direct drives for railway traction system. The designed and measured performance of transverse machine for railway traction system revealed a great potential of system improvements to reduce linear motor mass.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.950-955
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• 2004

Slip displacement is brought into focus to study the tube fretting wear that occurs on the contact by the springs. An oscillating tube was in contact with plate support springs. The contact condition was varied as normal force 5 N, and gaps of 0.1 and 0.2 mm in the experiment. The oscillation range of the tube was also varied as 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.7 mm. Formulas for predicting the slip displacement range were derived in terms of the vibration amplitudes measured during the tube oscillation. It was found that the slip displacement in transverse direction was much higher ($720{\sim}33000$ times) than that in axial one. This resulted in the severer wear on the contact suffered from transverse slip.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.89-95
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• 2005

This paper intends to identify experimentally the relationship between transverse vibration behavior of a spinning disk and high-frequency fluctuation in the driving torque. A testrig has been developed using a CD-ROM disk, a driving motor with torque-varying capability and a power transmission belt and a laser vibrometer was employed to measure the transverse vibration displacements of the disk for a certain range of the spinning speed. The results show that the spinning speed and the magnitude and frequency of the torque fluctuation affect the stability of the disk. In other word, the torque fluctuation causes the instability of the disk at several ranges of the spinning speed below the critical speed and its effects become larger as the disk spins faster or the magnitude of torque fluctuation becomes bigger. The experimental results are found to be in good agreement with analytical estimation.