• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.344-356
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• 2013

Due to implementation of legislations for translation poor such as handicapped people, elderlies, children most public buildings are now integrating barrier free design methods. However, barrier free design is still considered as constraints of physical elements that only serve to meet functional aspects for minors and conflict with designs of the space. The authors believe that it is time that barrier free design is considered not as constraints but opportunities that both meet functional and aesthetical needs serving the growing population of transportation poor and others as well. This paper has looked into characteristics of transportation poor and barrier free design elements of passenger terminals and developed 4 categories of design methods. applied by using human sense, form, furniture, and architectural elements. Then the authors analyzed Gunsan International and coastal passenger terminal existing conditions which is considered to be designed to meet barrier free guidelines and legislations through the developed design categories and elements. The result turned out that the subject in regard of barrier free designs for transportation poor lack various applications such as forms that can be used as symbolic and directional elements that assists as wayfinding cues. Also, flexible and multi functional approaches in furniture arrangements, structural approaches are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.105-121
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• 1994

This study intends to analyze the trip and transportation structure of Seoul Metropolitan Area(SMA) where has been experiencing the rapid growth and the extra-concentration in the recent 2∼3 decades. By analyzing the trip and transportation structure which reveals the frame of travel flow phenomena on the real space, this paper evaluates the transporation policy realized in SMA for the last 10∼15 years. The policy implications of this paper are as follows; 1. The activities and the daily travel movement of SMA have been larger and more complex rapidly, but the transportation policy bas been poor. 2. The distribution of commuter's origins and destinatinos have been getting wider, and the distance between the home and the workplace longer. In short, the land use policy, the industrial policy, and housing policy have failed, and the coordination of those policies has been very poor. 3. The multi-center spatial structure was the official policy. Indeed, SMA has been reorgnized in such a way. But the implementation strategy was very poor. 4. Now, the for-business travels closely related with the multi-center structure, are increasing more and more rapidly. It is required that the strategic policy of mulit-center structure and the transportation policy should be coordinated. And as soon as possible, the more powerful mass transit system should be developed and constructed.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2016

Purpose: Caring for weak person in society, which increases the population of the elderly and people with disabilities is essential. By increasing along with the increase of the use of passenger facilities for travelers and pedestrian is increasing the demand for convenient and secure facilities for everyone. The emerging importance of the passenger-related facilities, but a representative study of the bus terminal facilities is lacking. Bus terminals are the most popular passenger facility. Thus, the bus terminal can be conveniently used by anyone in everyday life, however, the applied elements considering the use of the transportation Poor are not sufficient. Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate BF certification standards targeting bus terminals across the country to determine the availability of the transportation Poor in bus terminal. Result: As a result of the bus Terminal possibility BF certified it appeared to be very low. Also, items received the lowest rating of each item was evaluated in the informative facilities and items. Bus terminal is a facility used by the unspecified individuals, the proportion of first-time user is high, but there is a lack of consideration for the transportation Poor bus terminals. Implications: In the future, this study can guide the next research on the application of BF certification standards in bus terminal. Further studies can be presented to the improvement of the BF certification indicator in bus terminal.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.83-96
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• 2018

The improvement in logistics competitiveness is the key element of corporate competitiveness in the era of severe competition among companies and high oil prices due to globalization. For this reason, this study analyzed the effect of transportation mode selection factors of Indonesian export companies on the logistic performance in accordance with the logistics environment. The results of the analysis show that only the cargo characteristics, which are the transportation mode selection factor of export companies, had a significant effect on logistics; the services, time, and expenses, on the other hand, had no effect on logistics performances. This result reflects the poor logistic infrastructure of Indonesia. While the export company considers service, time, and expenses when choosing transportation mode, it had no effect on logistic performances due to poor logistic infrastructure. The poor logistic infrastructure of Indonesia has caused a rise in the overall logistic expenses of companies due to excessive transportation time over the transportation distance, unavailability of on-time acceptance and delivery, and increase in the transportation expenses and subsidiary expenses. These are also the factors that decrease the competitiveness of export companies and affect the promotion of the manufacturing industry and foreign investment for the purpose of job creation and industrialization by the Indonesian government. Therefore, the logistics infrastructure must be improved initially. This study determines various points in terms of the logistics infrastructure environment of Indonesia, a developing country, using previous studies and provides their implications.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.19-33
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• 2006

The efficiency and effectiveness of freight transportation within and across Northeast Asia playa key role to achieve competitive advantages against other competing hubs in this area. However, the majority of local freight has been carried by ground transportation and the share of costal shipping has been decreasing for its transportational complexity and poor cargo works. In this paper, we discuss the prerequisites of efficient cargo linkage system from the perspectives of road, rail, ocean, and the service providers. Specifically, we identify that the balanced capacity of road/rail transportation system with costal freight system is a crucial component for facilitating coastal shipping. Other requirements such as the efficient on-dock container yard (ODCY), dedicated ports and ships, and the service provider of door-to-door transportation for short sea shipping are highlighted in order to secure the serviceability and availability of streamlined costal shipping. Further, we elaborate these requirements to facilitate costal cargo shipping in Korea.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2015

Purpose : The current tactile walking surface indicators have not been easily accessible to blind and vision-impaired people due to unexpected variation of walking environment and walking behavior of transportation poor. Moreover, those indicators frequently cause the inconvenience to transportation users' walking. Thus, this study aims to investigate the improvement of tactile walking surface indicators, by comparing and analyzing findings from the relevant research. Results from this study contribute to suggest the better standard criteria of tactile walking surface indicators for transportation users, especially blind and vision-impaired people, the handicapped, the child and the elderly and weak, providing the secure and convenient circumstance for walking. Method : This study presents the problems about the standard criteria of tactile walking surface indicators via the examination of finding from the past studies. For example, we examine all standard criteria, focusing on shapes, colors and qualities of materials used for Tactile Walking Surface Indicators. Then, the present study suggests the improvement of standard, which apply to the current walking environment practically and reasonably. Results : To improve the current condition of tactile walking surface indicators, the analysis on international and domestic standard criteria need to be conducted. Findings from these analyses helps to suggest the better criteria for the interval between projecting points of tactile walking surface indicators, effective perceived range of walking road, and the brightness contrast between tactile walking surface indicators and finishing materials. Implication : The suggested standard criteria of tactile walking surface indicators need to be tested by transportation users, and the practical instructions of establishing tactile walking surface indicators should also be developed.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2015

Purpose : As the number of the transportation poor has increased, the application of Universal Design on urban railway station has recently been focused. However, the current criteria used in domestic areas did not show the characteristic of facilities within urban railway station. Therefore, this study aims to explore the detailed criteria in applying ideas from Universal Design to sanitary facilities, especially toilets within railway station. Method : This study explores the criteria by evaluating findings from previous studies. First, the current situation of sanitary facilities in railway station is assessed. Then, the detailed criteria applicable to railway station toilets are concluded, by reviewing types of transportation poor and principles of Universal Design. Result : Findings from this study are as follows. First, the current criteria applied to railway station toilets lack ideas of Universal Design, so the better criteria applicable to sanitary facilities in railway station are necessary. Second, standard criteria used in domestic areas with newly additional criteria suggest that sanitary facilities should be established according to those criteria. Taken together, the better sanitary facilities should be provided to railway users through the application of Universal Design to railway station toilets. Implication : For the future users in railway station toilets, the additional research on types of diverse space and other sanitary facilities within railway station should have been continued.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 2014

Purpose: The number of the transportation poor has been steadily increased, and also the social perspective toward the disabled has been changed. Thus, Universal Design has been needed. In particular, the unknown majority of the transportation poor have frequently used the urban railway facilities which should reflect the ideals and principles of Universal Design. However, previous research has not focused on the study on critical factors of Universal Design. Based on this observation, the present study aims to find out Universal Design critical factors of urban railway station. Methods: This study explores the criteria of planning Universal Design in the urban railway station by analyzing and comparing the similar criteria used in both domestic areas and foreign countries. Result: Findings from this study are as follows. First, we found out the critical factors of Universal Design in the urban railway station by comparing and analyzing the similar criteria previously used. Second, this study also suggests the better directions toward the domestic criteria relating to the urban railway system. Third, we found the need of the universal standard as well as individually corresponding strategy. Moreover, we found the need of preparing the critical factors for the physical environments as well as the human service. Implications: The further research on findings of the planning criteria will have been continued on the basis of findings of the present study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-40
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• 1992

We examine primarily the existing study procedures for freeway weaving section by comparing speed estimates. Most methods have poor predictions because of neglecting the weaving vehicle influ-ence. In this study we develop the speed prediction equation considering the weaving influence area i.e, weaving box. Assuming that speeds outside weaving box are similar to speeds in freeway basic sec-tions we develop speed equation in box based on the field data. Moreover level of service criteria and weaving analysis precedure are proposed under the new speed prediction equation.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.39-50
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• 2018

This paper analyzes the existing transportation systems of Nigeria and Korea and proposes a new railway and roadway design for Nigerian cities. The research findings and feasibility study revealed that the state of Nigeria's transportation system was critical as was its market segment, infrastructural deficit and financial requirement needed to implement a smart transportation system. The dilapidation of the existing infrastructure coupled with poor maintenance culture and limited public transport services has hindered the economic growth of Nigeria and its cities. A case study of Korea and Japan shows some possible solutions to Nigeria transportation challenges. Analytical and descriptive methods were used to critically assess the infrastructural challenges, movement, and convenience. The study proposed the design of a new intercity railroad and roadway across Abuja, Enugu, Lagos and Port Harcourt cities. The proposed designs have been established to be an innovative solution with advanced benefits over the current system. The implementation of the proposed designs is estimated to cost about US$(77,832,027,719) across the study areas. Thus, the discussion, conclusion, and recommendations given present a proposal to the Nigerian government on the possibility of solving the Nigerian intercity railroad and roadway transportation challenges across Abuja, Enugu, Lagos and Port Harcourt cities through smart designs.