• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 2017

Background: With the recent rapid industrialization, occupational safety and health (OSH) has become an important issue in all industrial and human activities. However, incidents of injuries and fatality rates in the Ghanaian industry sector continue to increase. Despite this increase, there is no evidence regarding the element of OSH management in transport activities in Ghanaian industries. Thus, this study aims to examine the perceptions regarding the importance of safety and health in work-related transport activities in Ghanaian industries. Methods: A survey data collection technique was used to gather information on best safety practices over a 5-month period. We randomly selected 298 respondents from industries to answer structured questionnaires. The respondents included drivers, transport managers, and safety engineers. Standard multiple regression model and Pearson product-movement correlation were used to performed the analysis. Results: The result shows that for interventions to improve safety and health, concentration has been on drivers' safety practice with less attention to safe driving environments and vehicle usage. Additionally, the respondents are aware of the importance of OSH in transport activities, but the level of integration does not measure up to the standard to reduce operational accidents and injuries. Finally, strong commitment to changing unsafe practices at all levels of operations appears to be the effective way to improve safety situations. Conclusion: OSH culture is not fully complied in industries transport activities. This study, therefore, supports the use of safety seminars and training sessions for industry workers responsible for transport operations for better integration of safety standards.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.174.1-174.1
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• 2011

Biogas production and utilisation is an emerging alternative energy technology. Biogas is produced from the biological breakdown of organic matter through anaerobic digestion. Biogas can be utilized for various energy services such as heating, electricity generation and vehicle fuel. Especially, to be utilized as vehicle fuel, raw biogas needs to be upgraded, that is, mainly the removal of carbon dioxide to increase the methane content, up to more than 95% in some cases, similar to the composition of fossil-based natural gas. Biogas fuelled vehicles can reduce $CO_2$ emission by between 75% and 200% compared with fossil fuels. Biomethane development is largely driven by national initiative and predominately by concerns for national air pollution and waste management. Recently, biogas projects for vehicle fuels by some companies are ongoing and Korea government also announced investment to develop biogas as a transport fuel. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the feasibility of biomethane as a transport fuel in Korea. In this study, we investigated quality characteristics, quality standard and upgrading technology to use vehicle fuel of transport sector in Korea.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.95-102
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• 2018

The objective of this research is to explore the diverse challenges faced by the customer as well transport providers through the selected modes of transportation of the second most populous country in the world - India. Two separate well-structured questionnaires administered to garner the opinions on different challenges. A random sample of 100 equally selected from the customers of 3 modes of transportation along with 30 transport providers. The collected data was analyzed in Microsoft Excel and R Studio platforms using Percentile Rank Tool and R Programming Language for Chi-square test respectively. Traffic congestion coupled with parking is the major problem in case of roadways while Safety and cleanliness in railways are the first amongst the problems to reckon with. High fares and lack of trained employees are the biggest challenges faced by aviation industry. The research is concentrated only in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in India with most widely used three modes of transportation viz., Road, Rail and Airways. This research paper is first of its kind which has collected the opinions of both customers as well transport providers on the problems faced. This research proffers information about the challenges faced by the customers which there will be an enormous possibility to review their strategies and plans.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.861-864
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• 2011

Since national GHG reduction target by 2020 has been presented in Korea, the role of railroad has been reinforced within transport system due to the allocation of reduction target into sector. So, it is necessary to manage activity data systematically for the calculation of GHG emission in railroad. Now, the activity data of diesel consumption for NIR(National Inventory Report) are provided from oil supply and demand statistics. On the other hands, the activity data collected directly from railroad operating companies are used for GHG & Energy Target Management Act. This study aimed to assess the GHG emissions using two kinds of activity data related to the diesel consumption of railroad in 2009 and 2010. As a result, GHG emissions based on oil supply and demand statistics was 636 thousands ton $CO_{2e}$, but the activity data collected from railroad operating companies showed 649 thousands ton $CO_{2e}$ in 2009. Also, the gap of $CO_{2e}$ emission was increased in 2010. These trends were caused because oil supply and demand statistics included total diesel sales volume during 1 year and the activity data collected from railroad operating companies were the amount of diesel consumption only at railcar operation and maintenance step. In conclusion, it is important to develop the management and verification system of activity data with high reliability to substitute oil supply and demand statistics in railroad sector.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.416-424
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• 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the numbers of employees occupationally exposed to noise according to their industry and size. Methods: A Delphi panel consisting of 15 occupational health experts estimated the exposure prevalence of noise in workplace. Data on Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance provided from Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute were combined to produce the exposure population. Results: In Korea, 16.0% of employees, 2,539,890 out of 15,838,926, was estimated to exposed to noise occupationally. The rate was 32.7% and 10.3% in manufacturing sector and non-manufacturing sector, respectively. The highest rate, 52.5%, was found in manufacturing industries of wood and of products of wood and cork(except furniture) and of other transport equipment. Sorted by their size of business, the rate was higher as the number of employee was larger in manufacturing sector. Conclusions: Compared to the same rate estimated in the US, 17.2%, the result of this study seems to be in a resonable range.

• Bulletin of the Korea Photovoltaic Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 2020

Although Sri Lanka's current carbon footprint is much less compared to other developing countries, the country's existing and planned economic developments have raised the demand for power, resulting an increased GHG (Greenhouse gas) emission. GHG in Sri Lanka is emitted mostly by the burning of fossil fuels for energy generation including transport. However, the most effective way of reducing GHG emissions from the energy sector is to use renewable energy sources. Solar is in the top list of renewable resources that has much potential to use to meet the demand for electricity generation in the country. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current status of solar power generation and opportunities, barriers for implementing the programs of solar energy in Sri Lanka. Literature reviews mainly used as the primary tool for this study. Sri Lankan government had set the targets for adding 200 MW to the national grid by 2020, and to increase up to 1000 MW by 2025 of solar electricity. To achieve these targets the prevailing barriers have to be considered.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.19-28
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• 2012

The study examines the performance and its relationship with capital structure and agency cost with respect to the industrial configurations and economic groups of Pakistan Economy. The study employs data set of 334 listed joint stock companies from the nonfinancial sectors for the period of 1999-2009 from cotton and textile, engineering, chemical, sugar, cement, fuel and energy, paper and board, transport and communication, and miscellaneous economic groups. Pooled data from the Panel data methodology has been applied to observe the significance of different performance measures through determinant of capital structure and agency costs with special focus on the leverage and cash flows as the direct determinant and interactive variables. The empirical test results using redundant variable tests demonstrate support for agency theory in the context of Pakistan's industrial configurations. The implications of the study point towards more investigations on the subject using industrial configurations as control and moderating variables.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.125-145
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• 1998

The term "Privatization" has a different meaning in different contexts and cultures. In this paper, the term "Privatization" in the context of airports is defined as the movement of an entity from the government sector to the private sector. This is the definition that is commonly employed in the U.S. Airport revenue can he divided into two sub-categories of aeronautical revenue and non-aeronautical revenue. At many of the major international airports, however, non-aeronautical revenue has been growing faster than the aeronautical revenue, contributing an increasingly larger share of the total revenue. And the best way to enhance simultaneously the airport operations. With the remarkable growth in the air traffic volume of pssengers and cargo. more and more mega-international airports have been built or are under construction. As the air transport demand is expected to increase at an even greater rate in the 21st century, new types of airports which will be free of current major problems. such as airport congestion and flight delays are badly needed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.328-341
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• 2010

Korea Trucking Transport Business is one of principal national logistics sector, though, so many issues and problems came to arises, which brought cargo transport system crisis over the country such as logistics enormous jam and traffic. This paper analyzes the efficiency of korean trucking transport business firms using DEA model. We evaluate the CCR, BCC efficiency and RTS of 30 trucking transport firms. We also suggest the trucking transport firms which can be benchmarked based on analyzed information. The result shows that seven enterprises whose values of CCR efficiency are 1, and fifteen enterprises whose values of BCC efficiency are 1. RTS indicates IRS of 16 firms, DRS of 5 firms and CRS of 9 firms.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.115-134
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• 2020

Purpose - International trade leads to the international division of labor, improving the efficiency of the global economic system. Transport costs are a more serious barrier to international trade than customs tariffs. An increase in competition in the transport sector may thus lead to a reduction in transport costs. However, if a carrier's nationality significantly influences transport costs, simply adding more competing carriers of different nationalities would be ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to establish national or regional carriers to influence competition and reduce transport costs. This study investigates this "nationality effect" by treating Hanjin Shipping's collapse as a natural experiment. Design/methodology - The theoretical basis of this study is the 3rd-degree price discrimination in container shipping market. By using the monthly data of container freight rates of Korea, China and Japan, this study shows the so-called Korea Premiums, which are the empirical counterparts of nationality effect in Korea container shipping market. For this empirical investigation, the structural model with state-space form is used and the dummy models are also estimated. In addition, because China has been also affected by the Hanjin's collapse, the China premiums are considered too. Findings - Compared with Japan's case, it is shown that there had been the so-called Korea premiums since the collapse of Hanjin Shipping. These results are robust from both the state-space model and dummy models. The time pattern of Korea premiums was consistent with the market evolution, especially the pattern of substitutability in container shipping markets. In addition, this paper shows the magnitude of Korea premiums. Originality/value - The argument of this study that the nationality effect can be interpreted as an extended concept of the home market effect is original, which is expected to evoke future research efforts. Further, the discussion on the shipping industrial policy from both horizontal and vertical aspects will provide the relevant policy makers with solid information, especially for the policy coordination in a global scale.