• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.879-884
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• 2012

When the number of users is finite, the performance improvement of the orthogonal random beamforming (ORBF) scheme is limited in high signal-to-noise ratio regions. In this paper, to improve the performance of the ORBF scheme, the user set and transmit power allocation are jointly determined to maximize sum rate under the total transmit power constraint. First, the transmit power allocation problem is expressed as a function of a given user set. Based on this expression, the optimal user set with the maximum sum rate is determined. The suboptimal procedure is also presented to reduce the computational complexity, which separates the user set selection procedure and transmit power allocation procedure.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39A권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2014

In this paper, a new peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction method for spatial modulation(SM) is presented. By using the matrix with all non-zero elements to precode the signals before transmitting, the transmit power is scattered over all transmit antennas for achieving the goal of PAPR reduction. If this matrix is also an unitary matrix, the distribution of transmit power over transmit antennas will be uniform and it also could retain the characteristic of avoiding inter channel interference (ICI) due to the orthogonality of unitary matrix. In case of a non-ideal amplifier, the proposed method can produce a considerable improvement that increases with a number of transmit antennas in performance. Furthermore, the new scheme achieves an identical performance with conventional one in the case of ideal amplifier.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2002

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to the minimum energy routing (MER) for next generation (NG) multihop wireless networks. We remove the widely used assumption of deterministic, distance-based channel model is removed, and analyze the potentials of MER within the context of the realistic channel model, accounting for shadowing and fading. Rather than adopting the conventional unrealistic assumption of perfect power control in a distributed multihop environment, we propose to exploit inherent spatial diversity of mobile terminals (MT) in NG multihop networks and to combat fading using transmit diversity. We propose the cooperation among MTs, whereby couples of MTs cooperate with each other in order to transmit the signal using two MTs as two transmit antennas. We provide the analytical framework for the performance analysis of this scheme in terms of the feasibility and achievable transmit power reduction. Our simulation result indicate that significant gains can be achieved in terms of the reduction of total transmit power and extension of network lifetime. These gains are in the range of 20-100% for the total transmit power, and 25-90% for the network lifetime, depending on the desired error probability. We show that our analytical results provide excellent match with our simulation results. The messaging load generated by our scheme is moderate, and can be further optimized. Our approach opens the way to a new family of channel-aware routing schemes for multihopNG wireless networks in fading channels. It is particularly suitable for delivering multicast/ geocast services in these networks.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.326-332
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• 2019

최근 딥러닝 기술이 큰 관심을 받으며 다양한 분야에 적용되고 있다. 특히 다양한 무선통신기술에 딥러닝을 접목하여 기존 통신시스템의 한계를 뛰어넘으려는 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 딥러닝 기반 무선통신 시스템 송신전력 조절방안의 성능검증을 수행하였다. 딥러닝 기반 송신전력 조절방안에서는 수학적 최적화 문제를 직접 풀어서 최적의 전력을 결정하는 기존 방식과 달리 심층신경망 구조를 학습시켜서 채널에 따라 최적의 송신전력을 찾는 General solver를 도출하여 이를 이용한다. 특히 시스템의 주파수 효율을 심층신경망 학습의 손실함수로 사용함으로써 라벨없이 학습을 가능케 한다. 본 논문에서는 Tensorflow 기반 성능분석을 통해 딥러닝 기반 송신전력 조절방안과 최적방안의 성능이 일치함을 보였고, 또한 제안 방안이 기존의 방식에 비해서 1/200의 계산복잡도로 송신전력을 찾을 수 있음을 보임으로써 실제 무선통신시스템에서의 적용가능성을 검증하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2017

In this paper, we investigate the D2D Transmitter(Tx) and Receiver(Rx) pair assignment problem in the cellular system where D2D users share the uplink resource of the cellular system. Sharing the uplink resource of the cellular system may cause interference to the cellular system, though it is beneficial to improve the D2D user Capacity. Therefore, to protect the cellular users, D2D transmit power should be carefully controlled. In this work, we focus on optimal Tx-Rx assignment in such a way that the total transmit power of users is minimized. First, we consider the optimum Tx-Rx assignment in general and the corresponding complexity. Then, we propose an iterative D2D Tx-Rx assignment algorithm with low complexity that can minimize total transmit power of users. Finally, we present the numerical examples that show the complexity and the convergence to the unique transmit power level.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권4A호
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• pp.282-287
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• 2005

송신다이버시티 시스템에 사용되는 시공간 블록부호(space time block code)는 송신안테나가 2개보다 많은 경우 최대 전송률과 최대 다이버시티 이득을 동시에 제공할 수 없다. 송신안테나가 4개인 경우 최대 전송률을 제공하면서 간섭을 최소화하는 준직교성 블록부호가 있다. 최근에는 준직교성에 의해 발생하는 블록부호의 간섭을 제거하는 단순상관제거 알고리즘이 제안되어 최대전송률과 최대 다이버시티 이득을 얻을 수 있게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 신호의 전송전력을 다르게 할당하고 수신단에서의 빼기 연산에 의한 간단한 간섭제거로 잡음 증가 없이 성능을 개선하는 복호화 과정을 제안한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2204-2224
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• 2021

This paper studies secure wireless transmission from a multi-antenna transmitter to a single-antenna intended receiver overheard by multiple eavesdroppers with considering the imperfect channel state information (CSI) of wiretap channel. To enhance security of communication link, the artificial noise (AN) is generated at transmitter. We first design the robust joint optimal beamforming of secret signal and AN to minimize transmit power with constraints of security quality of service (QoS), i.e., minimum allowable signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) at receiver and maximum tolerable SINR at eavesdroppers. The formulated design problem is shown to be nonconvex and we transfer it into linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique is used and the approximated method is proved to solve the original problem exactly. To verify the robustness and tightness of proposed beamforming, we also provide a method to calculate the worst-case SINR at eavesdroppers for a designed transmit scheme using semidefinite programming (SDP). Additionally, the secrecy rate maximization is explored for fixed total transmit power. To tackle the nonconvexity of original formulation, we develop an iterative approach employing sequential parametric convex approximation (SPCA). The simulation results illustrate that the proposed robust transmit schemes can effectively improve the transmit performance.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권1A호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2006

송신 안테나의 개수가 2개보다 많아질 경우, 복소 직교 코드를 이용해 최대 다이버시티와 최대 전송률을 동시에 제공할 수 없다. 이들을 동시에 제공하기 위해 간단한 간섭 제거 기법과 송신 전력 할당 기법이 제안되었다. 하지만 전자의 경우 잡음을 증가시키는 단점을 가지고 있고, 후자의 경우 잡음 없이 최대 다이버시티와 최대 전송률을 제공하지만, 채널 간 페이딩 레벨의 차이가 심한 환경에서 인접 채널에 의한 간섭이 증가하는 단점을 가진다. 본 논문에서는 각 채널 간 페이딩 레벨의 차이가 심한 채널 환경에서 채널의 상태정보를 이용하여, 높은 전력으로 전송해 준 신호들의 신뢰도를 높이고, 이들을 이용하여 낮은 전력으로 전송된 신호들을 복호해 냄으로써 신호 복호과정에서 발생하는 추정오차를 줄이는 기법을 제안하고, 송신 다이버시티 시스템의 성능 향상을 꾀한다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.419-427
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• 2015

There have been increases in the elderly population worldwide, and this has been accompanied by rapid growth in the health-care market, as there is an ongoing need to monitor the health of individuals. Wireless body area networks (WBANs) consist of wireless sensors attached on or inside the human body to monitor vital health-related problems, e.g., electrocardiograms (ECGs), electroencephalograms (EEGs), and electronystagmograms (ENGs). With WBANs, patients' vital signs are recorded by each sensor and sent to a coordinator. However, because of obstructions by the human body, sensors cannot always send the data to the coordinator, requiring them to transmit at higher power. Therefore, we need to consider the lifetime of the sensors given their required transmit power. In the IEEE 802.15.6 standard, the transmission topology functions as a one-hop star plus one topology. In order to obtain a high throughput, we reduce the transmit power of the sensors and maintain equity for all sensors. We propose the multiple-hop transmission for WBANs based on the IEEE 802.15.6 carrier-sense multiple-access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol. We calculate the throughput and variance of the transmit power by performing simulations, and we discuss the results obtained using the proposed theorems.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.4617-4632
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• 2021

IEEE 802.11ax is a protocol being developed for high-density Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). Several algorithms have been proposed to improve the level of spatial reuse applied in IEEE 802.11ax. However, these algorithms are tentative and do not specify how to select the transmit power and carrier sense threshold in practice; It is unclear when and why the tuned parameters lead to better network performance. In this paper, we restricted the scale of transmit power tuning to prevent the case of backfire in which spatial reuse will result in transmission failure. If the restrictions cannot be satisfied, spatial reuse will be abandoned. This is why we named the proposed scheme as Arbitration based Spatial Reuse (ASR). We quantified the network performance after spatial reuse, and formulate a corresponding maximum problem whose solution is the optimal carrier sense threshold and transmit power. We verified our theoretical analysis by simulation and compared it with previous studies, and the results show that ASR improves the throughput up to 8.6% compared with 802.11ax. ASR can avoid failure of spatial reuse, while the spatial reuse failure rate of existing schemes can up to 36%. To use the ASR scheme in practice, we investigate the relation between the optimal carrier sense threshold and transmit power. Based on the relations got from ASR, the proposed Relation based Spatial Reuse (RSR) scheme can get a satisfactory performance by using only the interference perceived and the previously found relations.