• ETRI Journal
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.90-100
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• 2020

Named entity recognition (NER) continues to be an important task in natural language processing because it is featured as a subtask and/or subproblem in information extraction and machine translation. In Urdu language processing, it is a very difficult task. This paper proposes various deep recurrent neural network (DRNN) learning models with word embedding. Experimental results demonstrate that they improve upon current state-of-the-art NER approaches for Urdu. The DRRN models evaluated include forward and bidirectional extensions of the long short-term memory and back propagation through time approaches. The proposed models consider both language-dependent features, such as part-of-speech tags, and language-independent features, such as the "context windows" of words. The effectiveness of the DRNN models with word embedding for NER in Urdu is demonstrated using three datasets. The results reveal that the proposed approach significantly outperforms previous conditional random field and artificial neural network approaches. The best f-measure values achieved on the three benchmark datasets using the proposed deep learning approaches are 81.1%, 79.94%, and 63.21%, respectively.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.9
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• pp.1643-1647
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• 2007

Recently, there is a need for research concerning the technologies and precaution methods against electronic bomb assaults. There lays perplex constitution and much coupling phenomenon in this type of system, and thus requires much time and memory in order to translate the system with the existing translation methods. Applying the EMT (Electromagnetic Topology) would prove much more efficient. In this paper, EMT has been applied to the circuit-like micro system, previously employed in micro systems. Also, each section has been interpreted using the BLT (Baum, Liu, Tesche) equation using the EMT, then reconstructed, consequentially interpreting an entire system. In this paper, a simple circuit containing active and passive elements based on a CPW has been interpreted employing the BLT equation, and has been proven by experiment using the circuit simulation, a simulation officially recognized for its accuracy in interpreting small structures. The interpretation results have been presented by an S-parameter, and by comparing the interpretation results attained through the BLT equation and that from common simulation to that from experimentation, that the BLT equation turned out to be the most reliable interpretation method could be found.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.883-898
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• 1996

In this paper, we propose improved method to recognize the shape for enhancing the quality of the pattern recognition system by compressing the source images. In the proposed method, we reduced the data amount by skeletonizing the source images using mathematical morphology, and then matched patterns after accomplishing the translation and scale normalization, and rotation invariance on the transformed images. Through the scale normalization, it was possible for the shape recognition at minimum amount of the pixel by giving the weight to the skeleton pixel. As the source images was replaced by the skeleton images, it was possible to reduce the amount of data and computational loads dramatically, and so become much faster even with a smaller memory capacity. Through the experiment, we investigated the optimum scale factor and good result was proved when realizing the pattern recognition system.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.6-15
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• 2009

Recently many different programming languages have emerged for the development of bioinformatics applications. In addition to the traditional languages, languages from open source projects such as BioPerl, BioPython, and BioJava have become popular because they provide special tools for biological data processing and are easy to use. However, it is not well-studied which of these programming languages will be most suitable for a given bioinformatics task and which factors should be considered in choosing a language for a project. Like many other application projects, bioinformatics projects also require various types of tasks. Accordingly, it will be a challenge to characterize all the aspects of a project in order to choose a language. However, most projects require some common and primitive tasks such as file I/O, text processing, and basic computation for counting, translation, statistics, etc. This paper presents the benchmarking results of six popular languages, Perl, BioPerl, Python, BioPython, Java, and BioJava, for several common and simple bioinformatics tasks. The experimental results of each language are compared through quantitative evaluation metrics such as execution time, memory usage, and size of the source code. Other qualitative factors, including writeability, readability, portability, scalability, and maintainability, that affect the success of a project are also discussed. The results of this research can be useful for developers in choosing an appropriate language for the development of bioinformatics applications.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.99-102
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• 2002

The present study describes a numerical analysis for simulation of the sloshing of flows with free-surface which contained in a rectangular tank The SOLA-VOF (Volume of fluid) method uses a fixed mesh for calculating the motion of flow and the free-surface. This Eulerian approach enables the VOF method to use only a small amount of computer memory for simulating sloshing problems with complicated free-surface contours. The VOF function, representing the volume fraction of a cell occupied by the fluid, is calculated for each cells, which gives the locating of the free-surface filling any some fraction of cells with fluid. Using SOLA-VOF method, the study describes visualization about simulation of the sloshing of flows and damping effect by baffle. Translation and pitching motion of the forms have been investigated The time-dependent changes of free-surface height are used for visualization subject to several conditions such as fluid height horizontal acceleration, sinusoidal motion, and viscosity. The free-surface heights were used for comparing wall-force, which is caused by sloshing of flows. Baffle was Installed to reduce the force on the wall by sloshing of flows. Damping effects was extensively expressed under the conditions such as baffle shape and position.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.27-31
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• 2007

최근 모바일 환경에서 우수한 특성으로 인해 플래시 메모리가 하드디스크를 대체할 만한 차세대 저장 장치로서 주목을 받고 있다. 하지만 이러한 플래시 메모리는 읽기 속도에 비해 쓰기 속도가 느리고 접근 비용의 비중이 미미한 특징 때문에 하드디스크 기반에서의 디스크 접근 횟수를 이용한 비용 예측 방법을 그대로 적용할 수 없다. 그러므로 플래시 메모리 기반의 효율적인 인덱스 설계나 질의 처리, 최적화를 위해서는 플래시 메모리에 적합한 비용 예측 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문의 목적은 플래시 메모리를 위한 파일 시스템인 플래시 전환 계층(flash Translation Layer)을 기반으로 비용 예측 모델을 제시하는 것이다. 플래시 메모리의 저장 공간에서 데이터를 읽는 비용은 플래시 메모리의 하드웨어 특성으로부터 쉽게 유추될 수 있지만, 쓰기 비용의 경우 플래시 메모리에 대한 쓰기 작업이 초래하는 가비지 컬렉션(Garbage Collection) 때문에 예측하기가 힘들다. 본 논문은 해당 파일 시스템으로부터 전체 플래시 메모리 공간 대비 유효 데이터의 사용률을 얻어낸 후 그 정보를 이용하여 가비지 컬렉션을 포함한 쓰기 비용을 예측하는 모델을 제안한다. 이러한 예측 모델을 사용하면 인덱스를 구성하거나 질의 처리 및 최적화 알고리즘을 구성하는데 있어 플래시 메모리의 특성을 반영한 비용 효율적인 설계를 수행할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.47-55
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• 2015

PURPOSE: Stoke is one of most common disabling conditions and it is still lacking of measuring patient's functioning level. The aim of the study was to develop Korean language version of stroke impact scale 3.0. METHODS: Korean version of stroke impact scale 3.0 was developed in idiomatic modern Korean with a standard protocol of multiple forward and backward translations and an expert reviews to achieve equivalence with the original English version. Interviews with clinicians who were currently managing patients with stroke were also conducted for language evaluation. A reliability test was performed to make final adaptation using a pre-final version. To assess the reliability of the translated questionnaire, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated for each domain of the scale. RESULTS: Thirty subjects (16 male, 14 female) aged from 20 to 75 years old participated to review the translated questionnaire. Reliability of each domain of the questionnaire was found to be good in strength (ICC=0.74), ADL (ICC=0.81), mobility (ICC=0.90), hand function (ICC=0.80) and social participation (ICC=0.79), communication (ICC=0.77) with total (ICC=0.76). However, domains of memory and thinking (ICC=0.66), and emotion (ICC=0.27) and showed poor reliability. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the Korean version of SIS 3.0 was successfully developed. Future study needed for obtaining the validity of the Korean version of SIS 3.0.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.51.2-51.2
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• 2019

Multi-wavelength observations become very popular in astronomy. Even though there are some correlations among different sensor images, it is not easy to translate from one to the other one. In this study, we apply a deep learning method for image-to-image translation, based on conditional generative adversarial networks (cGANs), to solar images. To examine the validity of the method for scientific data, we consider several different types of pairs: (1) Generation of SDO/EUV images from SDO/HMI magnetograms, (2) Generation of backside magnetograms from STEREO/EUVI images, (3) Generation of EUV & X-ray images from Carrington sunspot drawing, and (4) Generation of solar magnetograms from Ca II images. It is very impressive that AI-generated ones are quite consistent with actual ones. In addition, we apply the convolution neural network to the forecast of solar flares and find that our method is better than the conventional method. Our study also shows that the forecast of solar proton flux profiles using Long and Short Term Memory method is better than the autoregressive method. We will discuss several applications of these methodologies for scientific research.

• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.8
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• pp.380-388
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• 2022

The B cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) and BTG2 play a key role in a wide range of cellular activities including proliferation, apoptosis, and cell growth via modulating a variety of central biological steps such as transcription, post-transcriptional, and translation. BTG1 and BTG2 have been identified by genomic profiling of B-cell leukemia and diverse lymphoma types where both genes are commonly mutated, implying that they serve as tumor suppressors. Furthermore, a low expression level of BTG1 or BTG2 in solid tumors is frequently associated with malignant progression and poor treatment outcomes. As physiological aspects, BTG1 and BTG2 have been discovered to play a critical function in regulating quiescence in hematopoietic lineage such as Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and naive and memory T cells, highlighting their novel role in maintaining the quiescent state. Taken together, emerging evidence from the recent studies suggests that BTG1 and BTG2 play a central anti-proliferative role in various tissues and cells, indicating their potential as targets for innovative therapeutics.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.755-758
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• 2007

플래시 메모리는 휴대폰, MP3 플레이어, 개인휴대정보단말기(PDA), 휴대용 멀티미디어 플레이어(PMP), 디지털 카메라 및 캠코더와 같은 이동성이 강한 소형기기에서 가장 많이 사용되는 저장 매체이다. 최근 대용량의 값싼 플래시 메모리가 등장하면서 랩톱이나 데스크톱과 같은 일반적인 컴퓨팅 환경을 지닌 기기들에서도 그 사용이 확대되고 있는 추세이다. 플래시 메모리가 보다 범용적인 저장 장치로 사용되기 위해서는 일반 컴퓨팅 환경에서의 복잡한 작업 부하에서도 우수한 성능을 제공할 수 있는 플래시 변환 계층(Flash Translation Layer)이 반드시 필요하다. 아쉽게도 현재까지 연구된 FTL 기법들은 소형기기의 단순한 작업 부하에 알맞도록 설계되어 있으며, 일반 컴퓨팅 환경과 같이 복잡한 작업 부하를 지닌 환경에서는 우수한 성능을 제공하지 못한다는 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 일반 컴퓨팅 환경의 복잡한 작업 부하에 대해서도 우수한 가비지 수집 성능을 제공하는 새로운 로그 블록 교체 기법을 제안하였다. 실험을 통한 평가 결과, 제안한 기법은 기존 기법 대비 평균 35% 정도의 가비지 수집 부하를 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다.