• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2001

여자자속의 포화는 전자레인지에 사용되는 고압 변압기의 초기 입력 전원의 위상에 의존한다. 고압트랜스의 돌입전류를 제한하기 위해서는 릴레이의 접점을 입력전원위상의 최저점일 때 ˝ON˝하여야 한다. 개선된 회로는 보정된 인터럽터 신호를 마이컴의 입력으로서 릴레이의 접점이 돌입전류가 최소 일 때 ˝ON˝한다. 실험결과는 입력전압변동모드에 대해서 개선된 회로가 설계목표치 50[A]를 만족함을 나타내었다. 그리고 통계적 기법으로서 이를 검증한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.307-309
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• 2005

This paper studies the effects caused by symmetrical and unsymmetrical voltage sags on three-phase transformer and induction machine. The voltage sag on transformer and induction machine gives rise to inrush current. This inrush current makes sag more severe. These effects depend or many elements such as sag magnitude and duration, type of sag, and fault and recovery voltage instants.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2004

Percentage differential characteristic relaying(PDR) has been recognized as the principal basis for power transformer protection. Second harmonic restraint PDR has been widely used for magnetizing inrush in practice. Nowadays, relaying signals can contain 2nd harmonic component to a large extent even in a normal state, and 2nd harmonic ratio indicates a tendency of relative reduction because of the advancement of material. Further, as the power system voltage becomes higher and more underground cables are used, larger 2nd harmonic component in the differential current under internal fault is observed. And then, conventional 2nd harmonic restraint PDR exposes some doubt in reliability. It is, therefore, necessary to develop a new algorithm for performance improvement of conventional protective relaying. This paper proposes an advanced protective relaying algorithm by using voltage-current trend and flux-differential current slope characteristic. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we have made comparative studies of PDR, fuzzy relaying and DWT relaying. The paper is constructed power system model including power transformer, utilizing the WatATP, and data collection is made through simulation of various internal faults and inrush. As the results of test, the new proposed algorithm was proven to be faster and more reliable.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.1697-1708
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• 2017

This paper proposes an algorithm for the differential protection of an Indirect Symmetrical Phase Shift Transformer (ISPST) by considering the different behaviors of the compensated differential current under internal fault and magnetizing inrush conditions. In this algorithm, a criterion function is defined which is based on the difference of amplitude of the wavelet transformation over a specific frequency band. The function has been used for the discrimination between three phase magnetizing inrush and internal fault condition and requires less than a quarter cycle after disturbance. This method is independent of any coefficient or threshold values of wavelet transformation. The merit of this algorithm is demonstrated by the simulation of different faults in series and excitation unit and magnetizing inrush with varying switching conditions on ISPST using PSCAD/EMTDC. Due to unavailability of in-field large interconnected transformers for such a large number of destructive tests, the results are further verified by Real Time Digital Simulator (RSCAD/RTDS). The proposed algorithm has been compared with the conventional harmonic restraint based method that justifies the application of wavelet transform for differential protection of ISPST. The proposed algorithm has also been verified for different rating of ISPSTs and satisfactory results were obtained.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.722-730
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• 2003

Current differential relay is commonly used to protect power transformer. However, current differential relay will be tripod by judging like internal fault during inrush occurring in transformer. To resolve such problem, this paper proposes a new protective relaying algorithm using Neuro-Fuzzy Inference. A variety of transformer transition states are simulated by BCTRAN and HYSDT of EMTP. Primary phase voltage and differential current are obtained from simulation. The target data which are used in Neuro-Fuzzy algorithm are obtained from transformed primary voltage and current. Then, these are trained by Neuro-Fuzzy algorithm. The trained Neuro-Fuzzy algorithm correctly distinguishes whether internal fault occurs or not, within 1/2 cycle after fault. Accordingly, it is evaluated that the proposed algorithm has good relaying characteristics.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.37-39
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• 2008

This paper suggests a decision scheme for optimal insertion resistance in an Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) application to reduce the transformer inrush current. This scheme and the SFCL model are implemented using Electromagnetic Transient Program (EMTP). We determine the optimal SFCL resistance by EMTP simulation, and this value is applied to model the SFCL by EMTP. The simulation results show the validity and effectiveness of the suggested scheme and the ability of a SFCL to reduce the inrush current.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.186-189
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• 1996

Convential inrush current detection method is used to harmonic restraint method by filtered second frequency component. Nowadays this technique must be modified because harmonics are occurred in steady state of power system. A purpose of this study is to develop of inrush current detection relaying algorithm for power transformer based on flux-current derivative curve method. We used the relaying signals obtained from EMTP simulation.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2016

Current differential protection relaying with second harmonic restraint is the main protection for large capacity power transformer. PSCAD simulation program is widely used for modeling of dynamic varying transients phenomena. This paper deals with a power transformer model and transients analysis using PSCAD software to develop IED for power transformer. Simulation was carried out using a three phase 40MVA, 154/22.9kV, 60Hz, two-winding transformer with Y-Y connection used in actual fields. The paper analyzed transformer magnetizing inrush, external fault, and internal fault conditions with this model in the time domain. In addition, we performed an analysis in the frequency domain using FFT during several conditions.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.382-388
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• 2004

The most widely used primary protection for the internal fault detection of power transformers is current percentage differential relaying(PDR). However, the harmonic components could be decreased by magnetizing inrush when there have been changes to the material of iron core or its design methodology. The higher the capacitance of high voltage status and underground distribution, the more differential current includes the second harmonic component during occurrence of an internal fault. Therefore, the conventional harmonic restraint methods need modification. This paper proposes an advanced protective relaying algorithm by fluxt-differential current slope characteristic and trend of voltage and differential current. To evaluate the performance of proposed algorithm, we have made comparative studies of PDR fuzzy relaying, and DWT relaying. The paper is constructed power system model including power transformer, utilizing the WatATP99, and data collection is made through simulation of various internal faults and inrush. As the results of test. the new proposed algorithm was proven to be faster and more reliable.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 써지(Surge) 또는 사고에 의해 변압기에 충격전압이 인가되었을 때 권선에 유입되는 돌입전류를 계산하는 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 권선간의 정전용량을 3차원 유한요소법을 이용하여 계산하고 이것을 변압기의 회로에 포함시켰다. 그리고 변압기의 자기적인 특성과 변압기의 회로를 결합한 축대칭 3차원 유한요소법을 이용하여 변압기의 과도 특성을 해석하였다. 제시한 알고리즘을 이상 전압이 인가된 변압기에 적용하여 변압기 내부의 자장분포와 권선간의 전압 및 전류를 계산하였다. 예제를 통한 변압기의 해석 결과는 사고여부를 판단할 수 있는 자료가 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 자장분포의 시간에 따른 변화 즉 물리적 개념의 파악이 쉬워졌으며 각 권선, 권선간, 전 전류 및 부하전류 파형의 시간변화를 알 수 있었다.